19 research outputs found
NICE 2023 Zero-shot Image Captioning Challenge
In this report, we introduce NICE
project\footnote{\url{https://nice.lgresearch.ai/}} and share the results and
outcomes of NICE challenge 2023. This project is designed to challenge the
computer vision community to develop robust image captioning models that
advance the state-of-the-art both in terms of accuracy and fairness. Through
the challenge, the image captioning models were tested using a new evaluation
dataset that includes a large variety of visual concepts from many domains.
There was no specific training data provided for the challenge, and therefore
the challenge entries were required to adapt to new types of image descriptions
that had not been seen during training. This report includes information on the
newly proposed NICE dataset, evaluation methods, challenge results, and
technical details of top-ranking entries. We expect that the outcomes of the
challenge will contribute to the improvement of AI models on various
vision-language tasks.Comment: Tech report, project page https://nice.lgresearch.ai
Oxide Formation In Metal Injection Molding Of 316L Stainless Steel
The effects of sintering condition and powder size on the microstructure of MIMed parts were investigated using water-atomized 316L stainless steel powder. The 316L stainless steel feedstock was injected into micro mold with micro features of various shapes and dimensions. The green parts were debound and pre-sintered at 800°C in hydrogen atmosphere and then sintered at 1300°C and 1350°C in argon atmosphere of 5torr and 760torr, respectively. The oxide particles were formed and distributed homogeneously inside the sample except for the outermost region regardless of sintering condition and powder size. The width of layer without oxide particles are increased with decrease of sintering atmosphere pressure and powder size. The fine oxides act as the obstacle on grain growth and the high sintering temperature causes severe grain growth in micro features due to larger amount of heat gain than that in macro ones
High-Temperature Stable Anatase Titanium Oxide Nanofibers for Lithium-Ion Battery Anodes
Control
of the crystal structure of electrochemically active materials is
an important approach to fabricating
high-performance electrodes for lithium-ion batteries (LIBs). Here,
we report a methodology for controlling the crystal structure of TiO<sub>2</sub> nanofibers by adding aluminum isopropoxide to a common sol–gel
precursor solution utilized to create TiO<sub>2</sub> nanofibers.
The introduction of aluminum cations impedes the phase transformation
of electrospun TiO<sub>2</sub> nanofibers from the anatase to the
rutile phase, which inevitably occurs in the typical annealing process
utilized for the formation of TiO<sub>2</sub> crystals. As a result,
high-temperature stable anatase TiO<sub>2</sub> nanofibers were created
in which the crystal structure was well-maintained even at high annealing
temperatures of up to 700 °C. Finally, the resulting anatase
TiO<sub>2</sub> nanofibers were utilized to prepare LIB anodes, and
their electrochemical performance was compared to pristine TiO<sub>2</sub> nanofibers that contain both anatase and rutile phases. Compared
to the electrode prepared with pristine TiO<sub>2</sub> nanofibers,
the electrode prepared with anatase TiO<sub>2</sub> nanofibers exhibited
excellent electrochemical performances such as an initial Coulombic
efficiency of 83.9%, a capacity retention of 89.5% after 100 cycles,
and a rate capability of 48.5% at a current density of 10 C (1 C =
200 mA g<sup>–1</sup>)
Difference in the Priestley-Taylor coefficients at two different heights of a tall micrometeorological tower
Intracellular and in vivo activities of oxazolidinone drugs against Mycobacterium avium complex infection
Abstract The prevalence of Mycobacterium avium complex-pulmonary disease (MAC-PD) has become a growing concern worldwide, and current treatments involving macrolides (clarithromycin [CLR] or azithromycin), ethambutol, and rifampicin have limited success, highlighting the need for better therapeutic strategies. Recently, oxazolidinone drugs have been identified as novel anti-tuberculosis drugs effective against drug-resistant M. tuberculosis. However, the effects of these drugs against MAC are still controversial due to limited data. Here, we first evaluated the intracellular anti-MAC activities of two oxazolidinone drugs, linezolid (LZD) and delpazolid (DZD), against 10 macrolide-susceptible MAC strains and one macrolide-resistant M. avium strain in murine bone marrow-derived macrophages (BMDMs) and found that both drugs demonstrated similar potential. The synergistic efficacies with CLR were then determined in a chronic progressive MAC-PD murine model by initiating a 4-week treatment at 8 weeks post-infection. Upon assessment of bacterial burdens and inflamed lesions, oxazolidinone drugs exhibited no anti-MAC effect, and there was no significant difference in the synergistic effect of CLR between LZD and DZD. These findings suggest that oxazolidinone drugs inhibit intracellular bacterial growth, even against macrolide-resistant MAC, but their clinical application requires further consideration
Development of a Combined Aerobic–Anoxic and Methane Oxidation Bioreactor System Using Mixed Methanotrophs and Biogas for Wastewater Denitrification
We developed a lab-scale aerobic–methane oxidation bioreactor (MOB)–anoxic system, combining a MOB and the aerobic–anoxic denitrification process, and evaluated its potential for advanced nitrogen treatment in wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs). The MOB used biogas generated from a WWTP and secondary-treated wastewater to support mixed methanotroph cultures, which mediated the simultaneous direct denitrification by methanotrophs and methanol production necessary for denitrifying bacteria in the anoxic chamber for denitrification. Compared to the aerobic–anoxic process, the aerobic–MOB–anoxic system with an influent concentration of 4.8 L·day−1 showed a marked increase in the reduction efficiency for total nitrogen (41.9% vs. 85.9%) and PO4−3-P (41.1% vs. 69.5%). However, the integrated actions of high nitrogen and phosphorus consumption are required for methanotroph growth, as well as the production and supply of methanol as a carbon source for denitrification and methane monooxygenase-mediated oxidation of NH3 into N2O by methanotrophs. After three months of continuous operation using actual wastewater, the total nitrogen removal rate was 76.3%, equivalent to the rate observed in a tertiary-advanced WWTP, while the total phosphorus removal rate reached 83.7%
Bio-Methanol Production Using Treated Domestic Wastewater with Mixed Methanotroph Species and Anaerobic Digester Biogas
The development of cost-effective methods, which generate minimal chemical wastewater, for methanol production is an important research goal. In this study, treated wastewater (TWW) was utilized as a culture solution for methanol production by mixed methanotroph species as an alternative to media prepared from commercial or chemical agents, e.g., nitrate mineral salts medium. Furthermore, a realistic alternative for producing methanol in wastewater treatment plants using biogas from anaerobic digestion was proposed. By culturing mixed methanotroph species with nitrate and phosphate-supplemented TWW in municipal wastewater treatment plants, this study demonstrates, for the first time, the application of biogas generated from the sludge digester of municipal wastewater treatment plants. NaCl alone inhibited methanol dehydrogenase and the addition of 40 mM formate as an electron donor increased methanol production to 6.35 mM. These results confirmed that this practical energy production method could enable cost-effective methanol production. As such, methanol produced in wastewater treatment plants can be used as an eco-friendly energy and carbon source for biological denitrification, which can be an alternative to reducing the expenses required for the waste water treatment process
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