Quantitative Shotgun Proteomics Analysis of Rice Anther Proteins after Exposure to High Temperature

In rice, the stage of development most sensitive to high temperature stress is flowering, and exposure at this stage can result in spikelet sterility, thereby leading to significant yield losses. In this study, protein expression patterns of rice anthers from Dianxi4, a high temperature tolerant Japonica rice variety, were compared between samples exposed to high temperature and those grown in natural field conditions in Korea. Shotgun proteomics analysis of three replicate control and high-temperature-treated samples identified 3,266 nonredundant rice anther proteins (false discovery rate < 0.01). We found that high levels of ATP synthase, cupin domain-containing proteins, and pollen allergen proteins were present in rice anthers. Comparative analyses of 1,944 reproducibly expressed proteins identified 139 differentially expressed proteins, with 95 increased and 44 decreased in response to high temperature conditions. Heat shock, DnaK family, and chaperone proteins showed highly increased expression, suggesting that the high temperature tolerance of Dianxi4 is achieved by stabilization of proteins in pollen cells. Trehalose synthase was also highly increased after heat treatment, suggesting a possible role for trehalose in preventing protein denaturation through desiccation

Additional file 3: Figure S1. of A quantitative shotgun proteomics analysis of germinated rice embryos and coleoptiles under low-temperature conditions

Distributions of pI values and molecular weights (MWs) of the proteins relative to those of all proteins encoded by the rice genome. (JPG 171 kb

Additional file 5: Figure S2. of A quantitative shotgun proteomics analysis of germinated rice embryos and coleoptiles under low-temperature conditions

The average coefficient of determination (R2) between NSpCs for the biological replicates. (JPG 584 kb

Additional file 2: Table 2. of A quantitative shotgun proteomics analysis of germinated rice embryos and coleoptiles under low-temperature conditions

Number of the identified proteins in each treatments and replications. (DOCX 16 kb

Additional file 7: Table S5. of A quantitative shotgun proteomics analysis of germinated rice embryos and coleoptiles under low-temperature conditions

Enriched GO terms of the differentially expressed proteins in the resistant response of Tong887 and the susceptible response of Milyang23. (XLSX 70025 kb

FlipMe: A Tangible Approach to Communication in Online Learning

Increasing attention has been paid to Personal Indoor Farming since healthy, sustainable and home grown food supplies are emerging as a lifestyle trend. Although the existing appliances for personal farming are becoming more innovative, they have not had a large commercial impact. A possible reason is because of a lack of understanding of potential users. In this study, a preliminary interview with 31 users found that Personal Indoor Farming is perceived as a more emotional activity than food production. However, a contradiction was revealed between a desire to grow personal crops and fear of failing in cultivating them. Based on this insight, a taxonomy of autonomy level in Personal Indoor Farming was defined through literature review. Through the taxonomy, eight scenarios were generated from a designer workshop in terms of four autonomous levels and two extensibility levels. The scenarios were evaluated by 45 respondents in order to investigate the preferences of users according to the autonomous level. The results suggest that people prefer a mid-level of autonomy in farming products that support them in caring for their crops. To conclude design implications are proposed to support the design of more appropriate indoor farming products and product services

FlipMe: Exploring Tangible Peer-to-Peer Communication in On-Line-Learning

Online learning continues to see rapid growth with millions of students now engaging online and remote courses seen as convenient alternatives to conventional classroom-based teaching. Despite these advantages, online courses suffer from high drop-out rates. Prior research has suggested limited opportunities for social interaction between students may contribute to these undesirable outcomes. In order to address this challenge, we developed FlipMe, an Internet of Things companion augmenting peer-to-peer interaction in real time. We report a pilot user study to explore the potential of FlipMe as a design intervention to increase peer-to-peer learning while viewing online video content. Initial findings indicate that FlipMe???s tangible interface and feedback design features have the potential to promote peer interaction in online learning