Política del Gobierno de Corea del Sur para la industria de la construcción naval: del estado desarrollista al estado neoliberal (1953-2018)

Against the backdrop of the success story of the Korean shipbuilding industry, numerous legends and hero stories have been created. On the one hand, they advocate the developmental dictatorship while highlighting the positive role of Park Chung-Hee and the government. Others have emphasized the role of Chaebol owners or entrepreneurs from a market-oriented perspective. Strangely, the two views are often combined at the same time. This paper went beyond the discussion of success factors to examine how the relationship between the government and the market has changed and what difficulties and problems the shipyard workers had to face in the process. In particular, the paper has dealt with government’s policy for the shipbuilding industry during the recessions. This article provides an overview of the Korean government's policy for the shipbuilding industry and the business strategy of the Hyundai Heavy Industries (hereafter, HHI), South Korea's leading shipyard. Especially, the historical process of structuration of the state-market relations, or the government-industry relations would be focused on. Labor disputes related with restructuring will be also briefly mentioned.  The first part will investigate the historical transformations from the shipbuilding promotion policy of the developmental state into the neo-liberal policy for restructuring to deal with the shipbuilding depression. The effects and implications of such transformation on labor relations will also be noted briefly. The second part will deal with so called the success of the HHI, and its recent restructuring. ARK: http://id.caicyt.gov.ar/ark:/s25458299/ikyth8mviEn el contexto de la historia exitosa de la industria naval coreana, se han creado numerosas leyendas y personajes heroicos. Por un lado, se considera a la dictadura desarrollista al tiempo que se destaca el papel positivo de Park Chung-Hee y el gobierno. Otros han enfatizado el papel de los propietarios o empresarios de Chaebol desde una perspectiva orientada al mercado. Curiosamente, las dos visiones a menudo se combinan. En este artículo profundizamos el debate acerca de los factores de éxito para examinar cómo ha cambiado la relación entre el gobierno y el mercado y qué dificultades y problemas tuvieron que enfrentar los trabajadores del astillero en el proceso. En particular, en este texto analizamos la política del gobierno para la industria de la construcción naval durante las recesiones. Este artículo proporciona una visión general de la política del gobierno coreano para la industria de la construcción naval y la estrategia comercial de Hyundai Heavy Industries (en adelante, HHI), el astillero líder de Corea del Sur. Especialmente, se centraría en el proceso histórico de estructuración de las relaciones entre el estado y el mercado, o las relaciones entre el gobierno y la industria. Los conflictos laborales relacionados con la reestructuración también se mencionarán brevemente. La primera parte investigará las transformaciones históricas de la política de promoción de la construcción naval del estado en desarrollo a la política neoliberal de reestructuración para enfrentar la depresión de la construcción naval. Los efectos e implicaciones de tal transformación en las relaciones laborales también se mencionarán brevemente. La segunda parte abordará el llamado éxito del HHI y su reciente reestructuración. ARK: http://id.caicyt.gov.ar/ark:/s25458299/ikyth8mv

Actin dynamics provides membrane tension to merge fusing vesicles into the plasma membrane

Vesicle fusion is executed via formation of an Ω-shaped structure (Ω-profile), followed by closure (kiss-and-run) or merging of the Ω-profile into the plasma membrane (full fusion). Although Ω-profile closure limits release but recycles vesicles economically, Ω-profile merging facilitates release but couples to classical endocytosis for recycling. Despite its crucial role in determining exocytosis/endocytosis modes, how Ω-profile merging is mediated is poorly understood in endocrine cells and neurons containing small ∼30–300 nm vesicles. Here, using confocal and super-resolution STED imaging, force measurements, pharmacology and gene knockout, we show that dynamic assembly of filamentous actin, involving ATP hydrolysis, N-WASP and formin, mediates Ω-profile merging by providing sufficient plasma membrane tension to shrink the Ω-profile in neuroendocrine chromaffin cells containing ∼300 nm vesicles. Actin-directed compounds also induce Ω-profile accumulation at lamprey synaptic active zones, suggesting that actin may mediate Ω-profile merging at synapses. These results uncover molecular and biophysical mechanisms underlying Ω-profile merging

Reimagining Anger in Christian Traditions: Anger as a Moral Virtue for the Flourishing of the Oppressed in Political Resistance

This paper aims to reimagine anger, which has been traditionally understood as one of the capital vices in Christian traditions, as a moral virtue of the oppressed in their resistance against structural injustice. This essay first examines the contemporary discussions on anger in the field of Christian ethics. Then, I critically evaluate Lisa Tessman’s account of “burdened virtues” and argue for a possibility that anger can be constructive in contributing to the flourishing of the oppressed. This paper argues that the oppressed can transform burdened anger into thriving anger that is conducive to their own flourishing through the communal bearing of the burden. This paper provides empirical support for this argument: a comparative analysis of a suicide protest of a college student and life-affirming protest of the mothers and wives of political victims against the totalitarian regime of Park Chung-hee in South Korea, 1970–1979

Mama, Keep Walking for Peace and Justice: Gender Violence and Liberian Mothers’ Interreligious Peace Movement

Focusing on the understudied area of women, religion, and peacebuilding, this essay offers the case study of Liberian mothers’ actions in the interreligious peace movement to address multiple forms of violence in the midst and aftermath of Liberian civil wars. This essay examines three forms of gender violence and their impact on the lives of Liberian women: (1) sexual violence, (2) forced mobilization of child soldiers, and (3) structural poverty. Afterwards, the essay explores the journey of Liberian mothers to peace and justice and analyzes the role of religion(s) in organizing and sustaining the mothers’ interreligious peace movement. Specifically, this essay highlights the concept of motherhood rooted in Pan-African religious traditions as a key moral resource to empower the mothers as peacebuilders and to foster restorative justice in their war-torn nation

Uncanny Valley Effects on Chatbot Trust, Purchase Intention, and Adoption Intention in the Context of E-Commerce: The Moderating Role of Avatar Familiarity

This study investigates the effect of chatbot humanization on the perception of eeriness, trust, and users' behavioral intention. Specifically, this study employed a 2 (humanization of chatbot agent avatar: hyperrealistic-animated vs. cartoonish-still) x 2 (avatar familiarity: celebrity avatar vs. non-celebrity avatar) between-subjects experiment (N = 185), in which participants were asked to purchase a laptop from an e-commerce vendor by interacting with a chatbot agent. Based on predictions from the uncanny valley effect hypothesis (UVE), enhancing the human likeness of a chatbot agent through visual realism and animacy was predicted to negatively influence users' trust in the chatbot agent and behavioral intention as a consequence of the activation of a negative affective state (i.e., a feeling of eeriness). Consistent with our predictions, the results from PLS-SEM showed that (a) enhancing the human likeness of a chatbot agent significantly increased users' feeling of eeriness, (b) the feeling of eeriness negatively influenced users' trust in the chatbot agent, c) trust, determined by the feeling of eeriness, significantly affected users' purchase intention and willingness to reuse the chatbot, and d) the relationship between humanization and eeriness significantly moderated by the familiarity of the chatbot avatar. We discuss the theoretical implications of the current study on UVE as well as its practical implications for the implementation of anthropomorphized chatbot agents in the e-commerce context