Comments on Sweeny and Gliozzi dynamics for simulations of Potts models in the Fortuin-Kasteleyn representation

We compare the correlation times of the Sweeny and Gliozzi dynamics for two-dimensional Ising and three-state Potts models, and the three-dimensional Ising model for the simulations in the percolation prepresentation. The results are also compared with Swendsen-Wang and Wolff cluster dynamics. It is found that Sweeny and Gliozzi dynamics have essentially the same dynamical critical behavior. Contrary to Gliozzi's claim (cond-mat/0201285), the Gliozzi dynamics has critical slowing down comparable to that of other cluster methods. For the two-dimensional Ising model, both Sweeny and Gliozzi dynamics give good fits to logarithmic size dependences; for two-dimensional three-state Potts model, their dynamical critical exponent z is 0.49(1); the three-dimensional Ising model has z = 0.37(2).Comment: RevTeX, 4 pages, 5 figure

Transition From Quantum To Quasi-classical Behaviour Of The Binary Encounter Peak In Collisions Of 0.6 To 3.6 Mev Amu“¹ I23+ And Xe21+ With He And Ar

Double differentia] cross sections are reported for the production of binary encounter electrons in collisions of 0.6 MeV amu-1 I23+ and 1.4, 2.4, and 3.6 MeV amu-1 Xe21+ projectiles incident on He and Ar targets. Electron energy spectra were measured between 0: and 45: in the case of the two lower projectile energies, and between 17.5° and 60- for the two higher projectile energies. The data are compared with quantum mechanical impulse approximation and classical trajectory Monte Carlo calculations. While the quantum model calculation predicts a rapid disappearance of diffraction effects in the binary encounter peak with increasing projectile energy, these remain visible in the experimental results up to the highest energy measured. The necessity of including multiple target ionization involving inner shell electrons in the theoretica] description of the collision process is demonstrated by the classical trajectory Monte Carlo calculation, which accounts well for the shape of the 2.4 and 3.6 MeV amu-1 cross sections, except at angles where diffraction effects are manifest. Systematic shifts of the binary encounter peak position towards lower energies with increasing emission angle were observed for all projectile energies. © 1993 IOP Publishing Ltd

Safer tattooing interventions in prisons: A systematic review and call to action

© 2018 The Author(s). Background: Worldwide more than ten million people are detained at any given time. Between 5 and 60% of people experiencing incarceration report receipt of a tattoo in prison - mostly clandestine, which is associated with risks of blood-borne infections (BBIs). Although safer tattooing techniques are effective in preventing BBI transmission and available to the general population, there is limited knowledge about the impact of safer tattooing strategies in prisons in terms of health outcomes, changes in knowledge and behaviors, and best practice models for implementation. The objective of this research was to identify and review safer tattooing interventions. Methods: We conducted a systematic review of the literature. Studies of all design types were included if they were published until 27 June 2018, the population was incarcerated adults, they reported quantitative outcomes, and were published in English, French, or Spanish. Results: Of 55 papers retrieved from the initial search, no peer-reviewed article was identified. One paper from the grey literature described a multi-site pilot project in Canada. Its evaluation suggested that the project was effective in enhancing knowledge of incarcerated people and prison staff on standard precautions, had the potential to reduce harm, provided vocational opportunities, and was feasible although enhancements were needed to improve implementation issues and efficiency. Conclusions: Although access to preventive services, including to safer tattooing interventions, is a human right and recommended by United Nations agencies as part of a comprehensive package of harm reduction interventions in prisons, this review identified only a few promising strategies for safer tattooing interventions in carceral settings. We call upon governments, criminal justice authorities, non-governmental organizations, and academic institutions to implement safer tattooing projects that adhere to the following guiding principles: i) integration of methodologically-rigorous implementation research; ii) involvement of key stakeholders (incarcerated people, prison authorities, research partners) in the project design, implementation, and research; iii) integration into a comprehensive package of BBI prevention, treatment, and care, using a stepwise approach that considers local resources and acceptability; and iv) publication and dissemination of findings, and scaling up efforts. Prospero Registration: CRD42017072502

SAF Apícola: sistema agroflorestal integrando abelhas melíferas africanizadas, abelhas nativas sem ferrão, aroeira vermelha e videiras em propriedade familiar de base ecológica.

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Finite Size Scaling of the 2D Six-Clock model

We investigate the isotropic-anisotropic phase transition of the two-dimensional XY model with six-fold anisotropy, using Monte Carlo renormalization group method. The result indicates difficulty of observing asymptotic critical behavior in Monte Carlo simulations, owing to the marginal flow at the fixed point.Comment: Short note. revtex, 6 pages, 3 figures. To appear in J. Phys. Soc. Jpn. Vol.70 No. 2 (Feb 2001

Self-reported competencies related to end of life care among residents and attending physicians

Abstract Aims Research with residents demonstrates perceptions of insufficient skills and comfort with end of life (EOL) care, and there is a paucity of evidence regarding attending physicians' competencies in such care. The purpose of this study was to gain an understanding of self-reported competencies among medical school graduates and to assess the impact of a 3 rd year hospice rotation. Methods An online survey was sent to 510 medical school alumni assessing experiences, self-rated competencies and preparedness regarding EOL care, and perceptions of the hospice rotation. Analyses explored a range of possible variable associations. Results 116 surveys were completed. EOL care experience was substantial during undergraduate and residency training. More experience was predictive of greater skills and comfort. Pain management skills were rated lower than other skills. Completion of the hospice rotation was associated with confidence-building and perceptions of preparedness. Attending physicians did not report stronger skills than residents. There was strong support for training in EOL care. Conclusions Our findings support previous research about the benefits of EOL care experiences for residents and exposure to such care during undergraduate training, underscoring the importance of well-tailored EOL care education at all levels of training for optimal development of competencies

Diffraction In The Binary Encounter Electron Peak Observed In Collisions Of 0.6 MeV Amu⁻¹ I7+, I23+ And Au11+ Projectiles With He And Ar

Relative double differential cross sections for electron emission from collisions of 0.6 MeV amu-1I7+and I23+ projectiles with Ar and Au11+projectiles with He were measured for electron energies from 100 eV to 2000 eV and for angles from 0° to 50°. Experimentally observed sudden shifts of the position of the binary encounter peak were interpreted as resulting from quantum interference in the scattering of target electrons from the partially stripped projectile ion. To this end calculations for the elastic scattering of free electrons initially at rest in the laboratory reference frame from the screened projectile field as well as model calculations of binary encounter electron production taking into account the target Compton profile were performed and compared with the experimental results. Good agreement was obtained for the angular locations of these shifts as well as for the angular distribution of the binary encounter electron yield. © 1992 IOP Publishing Ltd

The QBO as potential amplifier and conduit to lower altitudes of solar cycle influence

International audienceIn several papers, the solar cycle (SC) effect in the lower atmosphere has been linked observationally to the Quasi-biennial Oscillation (QBO) of the zonal circulation. Salby and Callaghan (2000) in particular analyzed the QBO wind measurements, covering more than 40 years, and discovered that they contain a large SC signature at 20 km. We present here the results from a study with our 3-D Numerical Spectral Model (NSM), which relies primarily on parameterized gravity waves (GW) to describe the QBO. In our model, the period of the SC is taken to be 10 years, and the relative amplitude of radiative forcing varies exponentially with height, i.e., 0.2% at the surface, 2% at 50 km, and 20% at 100 km and above. Applying spectral analysis to identify the SC signature, the model generates a relatively large modulation of the QBO, which reproduces the observations qualitatively. The numerical results demonstrate that the QBO modulation, closely tracking the phase of the SC, is robust and persists at least for 70 years. The question is what causes the SC effect, and our analysis shows that four interlocking processes are involved: (1) In the mesosphere at around 60 km, the solar UV variations generate in the zonal winds a SC modulation of the 12-month annual oscillation, which is hemispherically symmetric and confined to equatorial latitudes like the QBO. (2) Although the amplitude of this equatorial annual oscillation (EAO) is relatively small, its SC modulation is large and extends into the lower stratosphere under the influence of, and amplified by, wave forcing. (3) The amplitude modulations of both EAO and QBO are essentially in phase with the imposed SC heating for the entire time span of the model simulation. This indicates that, due to positive feedback in the wave mechanism, the EAO apparently provides the pathway and pacemaker for the SC modulation of the QBO. (4) Our analysis demonstrates that the SC modulations of the QBO and EAO are amplified by tapping the momentum from the upward propagating gravity waves. Influenced and amplified by wave processes, the QBO thus acts as conduit to transfer to lower altitudes the larger SC variations in the UV absorbed in the mesosphere. Our model produces in the temperature variations of the QBO and EAO measurable SC modulations at polar latitudes near the tropopause. The effects are apparently generated by the meridional circulation, and planetary waves presumably, which redistribute the energy from the equatorial region where the waves are very effective in amplifying the SC influence

Probabilistic Analysis of Earthquake-Induced Pool Release

Wappapello Dam was constructed in 1938 near the New Madrid seismic region. Loose sands in the dam foundation led to concern for liquefaction and embankment sliding if a large earthquake were to occur. However it was also recognized that the operation of the dam for flood control results in relatively low reservoir levels the majority of the time, substantially reducing the risk of earthquake-induced flooding. Because of these factors, a probabilistic analysis was performed to assess the likelihood of the combination of required events leading to an earthquake-induced pool release. Results of such analyses provide better information on which to make both quantitative and qualitative judgements regarding remedial action