1,304 research outputs found
A geometric approach to time evolution operators of Lie quantum systems
Lie systems in Quantum Mechanics are studied from a geometric point of view.
In particular, we develop methods to obtain time evolution operators of
time-dependent Schrodinger equations of Lie type and we show how these methods
explain certain ad hoc methods used in previous papers in order to obtain exact
solutions. Finally, several instances of time-dependent quadratic Hamiltonian
are solved.Comment: Accepted for publication in the International Journal of Theoretical
Physic
Rheological Chaos in a Scalar Shear-Thickening Model
We study a simple scalar constitutive equation for a shear-thickening
material at zero Reynolds number, in which the shear stress \sigma is driven at
a constant shear rate \dot\gamma and relaxes by two parallel decay processes: a
nonlinear decay at a nonmonotonic rate R(\sigma_1) and a linear decay at rate
\lambda\sigma_2. Here \sigma_{1,2}(t) =
\tau_{1,2}^{-1}\int_0^t\sigma(t')\exp[-(t-t')/\tau_{1,2}] {\rm d}t' are two
retarded stresses. For suitable parameters, the steady state flow curve is
monotonic but unstable; this arises when \tau_2>\tau_1 and
0>R'(\sigma)>-\lambda so that monotonicity is restored only through the
strongly retarded term (which might model a slow evolution of material
structure under stress). Within the unstable region we find a period-doubling
sequence leading to chaos. Instability, but not chaos, persists even for the
case \tau_1\to 0. A similar generic mechanism might also arise in shear
thinning systems and in some banded flows.Comment: Reference added; typos corrected. To appear in PRE Rap. Com
Angular dependence of domain wall resistivity in SrRuO films
is a 4d itinerant ferromagnet (T 150 K) with
stripe domain structure. Using high-quality thin films of SrRuO we study
the resistivity induced by its very narrow ( nm) Bloch domain walls,
(DWR), at temperatures between 2 K and T as a function of the
angle, , between the electric current and the ferromagnetic domains
walls. We find that which provides the first experimental
indication that the angular dependence of spin accumulation contribution to DWR
is . We expect magnetic multilayers to exhibit a similar
behavior.Comment: 5 pages, 5 figure
Bell's inequalities for states with positive partial transpose
We study violations of n particle Bell inequalities (as developed by Mermin
and Klyshko) under the assumption that suitable partial transposes of the
density operator are positive. If all transposes with respect to a partition of
the system into p subsystems are positive, the best upper bound on the
violation is 2^((n-p)/2). In particular, if the partial transposes with respect
to all subsystems are positive, the inequalities are satisfied. This is
supporting evidence for a recent conjecture by Peres that positivity of partial
transposes could be equivalent to existence of local classical models.Comment: 4 pages, REVTe
Intersecting 6-branes from new 7-manifolds with G_2 holonomy
We discuss a new family of metrics of 7-manifolds with G_2 holonomy, which
are R^3 bundles over a quaternionic space. The metrics depend on five
parameters and have two Abelian isometries. Certain singularities of the G_2
manifolds are related to fixed points of these isometries; there are two
combinations of Killing vectors that possess co-dimension four fixed points
which yield upon compactification only intersecting D6-branes if one also
identifies two parameters. Two of the remaining parameters are quantized and we
argue that they are related to the number of D6-branes, which appear in three
stacks. We perform explicitly the reduction to the type IIA model.Comment: 25 pages, 1 figure, Latex, small changes and add refs, version
appeared in JHE
Molecular dynamics study of melting of a bcc metal-vanadium II : thermodynamic melting
We present molecular dynamics simulations of the thermodynamic melting
transition of a bcc metal, vanadium using the Finnis-Sinclair potential. We
studied the structural, transport and energetic properties of slabs made of 27
atomic layers with a free surface. We investigated premelting phenomena at the
low-index surfaces of vanadium; V(111), V(001), and V(011), finding that as the
temperature increases, the V(111) surface disorders first, then the V(100)
surface, while the V(110) surface remains stable up to the melting temperature.
Also, as the temperature increases, the disorder spreads from the surface layer
into the bulk, establishing a thin quasiliquid film in the surface region. We
conclude that the hierarchy of premelting phenomena is inversely proportional
to the surface atomic density, being most pronounced for the V(111) surface
which has the lowest surface density
Tunneling spectra of submicron BiSrCaCuO intrinsic Josephson junctions: evolution from superconducting gap to pseudogap
Tunneling spectra of near optimally doped, submicron
BiSrCaCuO intrinsic Josephson junctions are presented,
and examined in the region where the superconducting gap evolves into
pseudogap. The spectra are analyzed using a self-energy model, proposed by
Norman {\it et al.}, in which both quasiparticle scattering rate and
pair decay rate are considered. The density of states derived
from the model has the familiar Dynes' form with a simple replacement of
by = ( + )/2. The
parameter obtained from fitting the experimental spectra shows a roughly linear
temperature dependence, which puts a strong constraint on the relation between
and . We discuss and compare the Fermi arc behavior
in the pseudogap phase from the tunneling and angle-resolved photoemission
spectroscopy experiments. Our results indicate an excellent agreement between
the two experiments, which is in favor of the precursor pairing view of the
pseudogap.Comment: 7 pages, 6 figure
On operad structures of moduli spaces and string theory
Recent algebraic structures of string theory, including homotopy Lie
algebras, gravity algebras and Batalin-Vilkovisky algebras, are deduced from
the topology of the moduli spaces of punctured Riemann spheres. The principal
reason for these structures to appear is as simple as the following. A
conformal field theory is an algebra over the operad of punctured Riemann
surfaces, this operad gives rise to certain standard operads governing the
three kinds of algebras, and that yields the structures of such algebras on the
(physical) state space naturally.Comment: 33 pages (An elaboration of minimal area metrics and new references
are added
Radular myoglobin as a molecular marker in littorinid systematics (Caenogastropoda)
Radular myoglobin (Mb) was investigated in 288 specimens of 10 littorinid species using vertical polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (PAGE) and isoelectric focusing (IEF). Within the genus Littorina the two most basal species, L. striata and L. keenae, have Mb patterns that correspond to those of the genera Littoraria and Nodilittorina, while the sibling species L. scutulata and L. plena have identical Mb profiles that consistently differ from those of L. littorea, L. saxatilis, L. compressa and L. areana. In contrast to previous claims, Mb does not consistently separate the sibling rough periwinkles Littorina saxatilis and L. arcana. These data suggest (1) that the Nodilittorina/Littoraria Mb profile in L. striata is not unique within the genus Littorina and therefore does not refute the assignment of L. striata to this genus, and (2) that L. scutulata and L. plena occupy a separate position compared to the other species of the subgenus Littorina. This latter result supports the suggestion that L. scutulata and L. plena may constitute a separate subgeneric taxon. Finally, the IEF Mb profiles of Nodilittorina hawaiiensis and Cenchritis muricatus were nearly identical to the Nodilittorina/Littoraria Mb pattern. Yet, PAGE of Mb in Cenchritis muricatus suggests a tentative Mendelian polymorphism. It is concluded that littorinid Mb may not be a useful marker to distinguish closely related species, but rather provides information on 'higher level' systematics
- …