The Ukraine Crisis and Shift in us Foreign Policy

War in Ukraine and the Russian annexation of Crimea are the events that changed the US policy towards Russia. The events in Ukraine forced the United States to take a closer look at Eastern and Central Europe. The United States’ policy during the Ukrainian crisis has been limited to sanctions and strong statements so far because in Ukraine there is an asymmetry of interests. Ukraine is much more important to Russia than to the United States. The United States may be willing to support the democratic and western aspiration of Ukrainians but will not risk a major conflict with Russia over it. However the crisis in Ukraine is not only about Ukraine or Russia. It is also about US credibility around the world. Both friends and foes are watching closely the American reaction to the situation. That is why the United States has increased its military presence in those NATO countries that share borders with Russia

Censorship as a Taboo during Political “Thaw”

During political “thaw”, in years 1955−1956 in the People’s Republic of Poland, it write in newspapers about themes banned earlier. One of such many theme formerly banned was censorship (Main Office of Control of Press, Publications and Shows). Journalists wrote about books banned by censorship, prohibited publications and black-listed writers, whose books had removed from libraries and destroyed. Situation is changed in 1958 – it is not allowed to write again about existence and activity of censorshi

In the Forest of Words I Got Lost – About the Silence in the Poetry of Antonio Colinas and Zbigniew Herbert

The aim of this comparative article is to present the similarity of the poetic concepts of Antonio Colinas and Zbigniew Herbert. The poets did not know each other, there are no traces of mutual influences to be found in their poetic output either, however, they both seemed to be equally connected with the Mediterranean culture. This article concentrates on the meaning of silence in their poetry seen as a necessary supplement to the art of words, hope for saving the sense from ambiguity and hubbub of words. The insufficiency of both the accessible language and silence inspired the poets to seek a form of expression that could satisfy human needs, “the unattainable language.” The search, between the word and silence, is manifested in the poetic works of Colinas and Herbert

The Issa Valley in Censorship Documents. On the Thaw Reception of Czesław Miłosz’s Novel

Czesław Miłosz’s The Issa Valley [Dolina Issy] was published in the Paris Literary Institute in 1955 and soon after started paving its way to readers in the author’s native country, in spite of the censorship. This article traces back the novel’s reception in the so-called Thaw (post-Stalin) period (1955–1957) in the light of official domestic publications and the documents of the Censorship Office. Those years saw publication of several argumentative and favourable essays on the novel (by e.g. I. Sławińska, J. Błoński, J. Zawieyski). The censors banned just one extensive discussion text on The Issa Valley, by Jarosław-Marek Rymkiewicz, and this owing to where it was published. A ban on publishing the poet’s works in a nonserial form was maintained. In that transitional period, new directives were coming from the communist-party headquarters, and the censors would often consult the heads of departments they reported to, or the Central Censorship Office directly. The situation grew severer by 1958, with the poet’s name being consistently removed from most publications

Measurements of minimum bias events, underlying event and particle production properties in ATLAS

The measurements of the minimum bias events provide valuable information on the basic properties of the $pp$ interactions. The results at the new highest energy of $pp$ collisions, $\sqrt{s}$ = 13 TeV, obtained using the ATLAS detector, are shown. They include distributions of charged particle pseudorapidity density, transverse momentum and multiplicity. The properties of the underlying event, determined with respect to a leading high-$p_{T}$ particle, are also presented. In both cases the new results are compared with those from earlier studies of the $pp$ collisions at $\sqrt{s}$ = 7 TeV.Comment: Proceedings of the 23rd Low-x Meeting, Sandomierz, Poland, September 1-5, 2015, 11 pages, 11 figure

Human capital and economic development: The axiological perspective

Global capitalism is both an outcome and a stimulant of spreading not only the same market economy standards and lifestyles but moral relativism as well. Its origin goes back to Anglo-Saxon liberalism that limits the individuals to maximize their personal benefits that are measured according to the market values. The perception of human nature adopted in this ideology determines solutions as for how to achieve individual and communitarian goals and meet criteria of their validation. As a result, the development of human capital understood as the knowledge necessary to act, is focused on its subjective functions. Thus, human capital plays a more important role in the multiplication of individual benefit than in the improvement of the value of human life. Such developed human capital results in growing disparities in the knowledge assets enabling the harmonization of personal benefit with the responsibility for the valuable life of present and future generations. These disparities lead to an increase in risk of global threats to humanity. The reaction to these threats cannot be based on the development of globalization. The concept that respects the multi-faceted nature of a human being seems to be an appropriate alternative. Due to these efforts, new economics might be developed that may provide applicable educational and institutional tools for long-term sustained economic development and improve the quality of life of an individual.Publication of English-language versions of the volumes of the “Annales. Ethics in Economic Life” financed through contract no. 501/1/P-DUN/2017 from the funds of the Ministry of Science and Higher Education devoted to the promotion of scholarship