Evaluation of biochemical properties of polycrystalline diamond

katedra: KMT; rozsah: 52Work is realized as a part of the international programme MNT ERA-Net. The aim of this programme is an estimation of technological process of microfluidics diamond device making (producing) as well as detection of surface and geometry of three-dimensional structures defects. Theoretical part concerns description of production process of the polycrystalline diamond device to sequentioning of DNA. Practical part contains microstructure silicon matrix as well as diamond chips geometry and surface profile done by applying the modern microscopic techniques - LM, SEM as well as profilometrical analysis of state and shape of the surface.Práce je realizovaná v rámci mezinárodnícho programu MNT ERA-Net. Jejím cílem je hodnocení technologického postupu výroby diamantového mikroprůtokového zařízení a také odhalení povrchových vad a geometrických odchylek mikrostruktur. Teoretická část popisuje technologický postup tvorby zařízení pro sekvence DNA z polykrystalického diamantu. Experimentální část práce obsahuje charakteristiky povrchu a geometrii mikrostruktur křemičitých matrice a diamantového čipu s pomocí moderních metod mikroskopových-LM, SEM a profilometrické analýzy stavu a tvaru povrchu

The determinants of change in tibial plateau bone area in osteoarthritic knees: a cohort study

Bone is integral to the pathogenesis of osteoarthritis (OA). Whether the bone area of the tibial plateau changes over time in subjects with knee OA is unknown. We performed a cohort study to describe this and identify factors that might influence the change. One hundred and twenty-six subjects with knee OA underwent baseline knee radiography and magnetic resonance imaging on their symptomatic knee. They were followed up with a repeatmagnetic resonance image of the same knee approximately 2 years later. The bone area of the tibial plateau was measured at baseline and follow-up. Risk factors assessed at baseline were tested for their association with change in tibial plateau bone area over time. One hundred and seventeen subjects completed the study. The medial and lateral tibial plateau bone areas increased by 2.2 ± 6.9% and 1.5 ± 4.3% per year, respectively. Being male (P = 0.001), having a higher body mass index (P = 0.002), and having a higher baseline grade of medial joint-space narrowing (P = 0.01) were all independently and positively associated with an increased rate of enlargement of bone area of the medial tibial plateau. A larger baseline bone area of the medial tibial plateau was inversely associated with the rate of increase of that area (P < 0.001). No factor examined affected the rate of increase of the bone area of the lateral tibial plateau. In subjects with established knee OA, tibial plateau bone area increases over time. The role of subchondral bone change in the pathogenesis of knee OA will need to be determined but may be one explanation for the mechanism of action of risk factors such as body mass index on knee OA

Factors affecting tibial plateau expansion in healthy women over 2.5 years: a longitudinal study

SummaryObjectiveThere is evidence for tibial bone area to increase in response to risk factors for knee osteoarthritis (OA) in healthy subjects and to increase over time in subjects with knee OA. We performed a cohort study to examine whether tibial plateau bone area changes over time in healthy subjects and identify factors influencing the change.DesignEighty-one healthy women (age range 50–76 years) underwent magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) on their dominant knee at baseline and approximately 2.5 years later. Tibial plateau bone area was measured at baseline and follow-up. Risk factors assessed at baseline were tested for their association with change in tibial plateau bone area over time using multiple linear regression.ResultsThe mean tibial plateau bone area increased from 1733±209 to 1782±203mm2 for the medial, and from 1090±152 to 1109±152mm2 for the lateral over the study period, representing an annual average increase rate of 1.2% (95% CI 0.03%, 1.6%) and 0.8% (95% CI 0.7%, 1.8%), respectively. Baseline tibial plateau bone area was inversely associated with the increase rate of tibial plateau bone area. There was a trend for static knee alignment to be related to the increase rate of tibial plateau bone area.ConclusionIn healthy women, tibial plateau bone area increases over time. Baseline tibial plateau bone area is the main factor affecting the rate of increase, with biomechanical factors, such as static anatomical alignment, likely to affect the expansion of tibial plateau. Further work will be needed to determine the effect of subchondral bone change in the pathogenesis of knee OA

Efektifitas Implementasi Smm Iso 9001:2008 Pada Smk Negeri Di Kota Singaraja

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk memberikan gambaran tentang : 1) efektivitas penerapan Sistem Manajemen Mutu (SMM) ISO 9001:2008 pada SMK Negeri di kota Singaraja dilihat dari konteks, masukan, proses, dan hasil penerapan; 2) kendala-kendala yang dihadapai dalam melaksanakan SMM ISO 9001:2008 pada SMK Negeri dikota Singaraja serta alternatif pemecahannya. Penelitian ini dilaksanakan pada SMK Negeri dikota Singaraja pada tahun pelajaran 2013/2014, dengan menggunakan model evaluasi CIPP dari Stufflebeam yang melibatkan 354 responden. Variabel konteks yang terdiri dari sub variabel SMM sekolah dan keterlibatan komite sekolah. Variabel masukan terdiri dari sub variabel manajemen sekolah dan keterlibatan dunia USAha/dunia industri (DU/DI). Variabel proses yang terdiri dari sub variabel pemeliharaan dan pengadaan sarana pendidikan, kegiatan belajar mengajar oleh guru, dan kegiatan belajar mengajar siswa. Variabel produk dengan sub variabel nilai ujian tahun pemelajaran 2013/2014 (UN, US dan UK). Metode kuesioner digunakan untuk menjaring data SMM sekolah, manajemen sekolah dengan responden semua staff manajemen, keterlibatan dunia USAha/dunia industri (DU/DI), dan proses pembelajaran siswa. Metode wawancara untuk menjaring data keterlibatan komite sekolah. Metode observasi untuk menjaring data kegiatan belajar mengajar oleh guru. Metode studi dokumen untuk menjaring data SMM sekolah, pengadaan dan pemeliharaan sarana pendidikan, dan nilai ujian. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa : 1) efektif dilihat dari variabel konteks dengan frekuensi kategori positif 54.286% untuk SMM dan frekuensi kategori positif 75% untuk keterlibatan komite; 2) efektif dilihat dari variabel masukan dengan frekuensi kategori positif 57.6271% untuk manajmen sekolah dan frekuensi kategori positif 52.041% untuk keterlibatan DU/DI; 3) kurang efektif dilihat dari variabel proses dengan frekuensi kategori negatif 63.1578% untuk pemeliharaan dan pengadaan saran pendidikan, dan frekuensi kategori positif 57.4713% untuk kegiatan belajar mengajar oleh guru, dan frekuensi kategori positif 52.308% untuk kegiatan belajar mengajar siswa; 4) efektif dilihat dari variabel produk dengan frekuensi kategori positif 52.055.00% untuk nilai ujian. Bertolak dari hasil penelitian tersebut dapat direkomendasikan: 1) meningkatkan koordinasi setiap kebijakan baru; 2) penerapan SMM perlu disosialisasikan secara terus menerus pada setiap kesempatan; 3) meningkatkan komitmen warga sekolah untuk menerapakan SMM; 4) meningkatkan koordinasi dengan industri menuju Manajemen Partisipatif; 5) memberikan tugas dan tanggungjawab yang jelas kepada kepala program

What is the clinical and ethical importance of incidental abnormalities found by knee MRI?

INTRODUCTION: Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is increasingly used to examine joints for research purposes. It may detect both suspected and unsuspected abnormalities. This raises both clinical and ethical issues, especially when incidental abnormalities are detected. The prevalence of incidental, potentially clinically significant abnormalities identified by MRI and their clinical significance in a population undergoing knee MRI in research studies are unknown. METHODS: We examined the prevalence of such lesions in healthy asymptomatic adults and those with symptomatic knee osteoarthritis (OA) undergoing knee MRI with limited sequences for the purpose of research. The MRI findings in 601 asymptomatic subjects and 132 with knee OA who underwent at least one limited knee MRI scan for cartilage volume measurement were examined by an MRI radiologist for the presence of potentially clinically significant abnormalities. RESULTS: These were present in 2.3% of healthy and 2.3% of OA subjects. All required further investigation to exclude non-benign disease, including four with bone marrow expansion (0.7%), requiring further investigation and management. A single potentially life-threatening lesion, a myeloma lesion, was identified in a subject with symptomatic knee OA on their second MRI scan in a longitudinal study. CONCLUSION: As musculoskeletal MRI is increasingly used clinically and for research purposes, the potential for detecting unsuspected abnormalities that require further investigation should be recognized. Incorporating a system to detect these, to characterize unexpected findings, and to facilitate appropriate medical follow-up when designing studies using this technology should be considered ethical research practice