PEMBENTUKAN KADER KESEHATAN REPRODUKSI REMAJA UNTUK MENGURANGI FREKUENSI PERNIKAHAN DINI DI SISWA SMP DI KECAMATAN BANGSALSARI, JEMBER

Tujuan program pengabdian masyarakat ini adalah untuk membekali siswa SMP di kelurahan Bangsalsari kecamatan Bangsalsari kabupaten Jember tentang pengetahuan mengenai kesehatan reproduksi agar remaja putri akan lebih siap untuk menghadapi masa dewasa dan untuk mengurangi frekuensi pernikahan dini. Metode yang dilakukan adalah, penyuluhan reproduksi remaja, pelatihan dan pendampingan kader kesehatan. Hasil kegiatan adalah para remaja telah mampu mempraktekkan pengetahuannya dalam kehidupan sehari-hari untuk menjaga kesehatan reproduksinya dan sebagai pioner pada lingkungan sekitar maupun adik kelas mereka serta telah terbentuknya kader kesehatan reproduksi remaja putri. Kata kunci—kader kesehatan, pioneer siswa, reproduksi remaja. Abstract The purpose of this community service program is to equip Junior High School students in the Bangsalsari village, Bangsalsari sub-district, Jember Regency about knowledge about health, so that young women will be better prepared for the future and to multiply early marriages. The method used is youth counseling, training and health cadre assistance. The result of the activity is that young people who have successfully practiced their knowledge in daily life for reproductive health and as pioneers in the surrounding environment and their junior class have also developed a young female health cadre. Keywords—health cadres, pioneers of students, adolescent reproductio

Terapi Tuberkulosis dengan intervensi jalur kematian makrofag

Jumlah kasus tuberkulosis (TB) dan jumlah kematian TB tetap tinggi untuk penyakit yang bisa disembuhkan. Defisiensi vitamin D sering didapatkan pada pasien TB. Hal tersebut dikarenakan stimulasi Toll-like receptor 2/1 oleh antigen Mycobacterium tuberculosis menginduksi enzim CYP27B I untuk mengubah vitamin D menjadi bentuk akhir. Jadi jika asupan vitamin D pada pasien TB tidak terjaga, akan terjadi kekurangan vitamin. Patogenesis tuberkulosis paru berkaitan erat dengan Stres oksidatif. Suplementasi antioksidan akan sangat bermanfaat untuk meningkatkan evektivitas terapi. Astragaloside 4, antioksidan yang poten, berinteraksi dengan NF-KB inhibitor (he8) dan subunit p65 NF-KB. Astragalus membranaceus adalah keluarga Leguminosae (kacang-kacangan). Senyawa aktif Astragalus a.1 astragaloside 4 (Ast4). Mencit yang diinfeksi M. tuberculosis dibagi secara acak menjadi kelompok yang menerima terapi obat anti tuberkulosis (OAT) saja, kelompok yang menerima OAT dan suplementasi astragaloside 4, kelompok yang menerima OAT dan suplementasi vitamin D, serta kelompok yang Imenerima OAT, kombinasi suplementasi astragaloside 4 dan vitamin D. Penelitian tahun pertama menganalisis tentang 2 jalur kematian makrofag terinfeksi TB, didapatkan hasil bahwa suplementasi vitamin D berperan penting pada peningkatan ekspresi CYP27BI dan autofagi. Vitamin D diperlukan untuk menurunkan MMP9. Kombinasi suplementasi astragaloside 4 dan vitamin D diperlukan untuk menurunkan nekrosis makrofag. Nekrosis sel memungkinkan bakteri menyebar dan menginfeksi sel baru. Penelitian tahun ke-2 menganalisis pengaruh suplemenlasi Ast4 dan atau vitamin D terhadap stres retikulum endoplasmik pada TB khususnya jalur PERK-ATF4-CHOP dengan mengukur ekspresi GRP78, PERK, activating transcription factor (ATF4) dan CCAAT/enhancer binding protein (C/EBP) homologous protein (CHOP). Kesimpulan penelitian untuk menurunkan ekspresi GRP78, PERK, ATr4 dan CHOP perlu kombinasi suplementasi vitamin D dan Ast4. Seperti diketahui kolesterol dan asam lemak pada tubuh inang dikatabolisme M. tuberculosis untuk sumber energi dan menyusun vegetatifnya seperti asam mikolat. Peroksidasi lipid mcmperberat kerusakan jaringan paru dengan menambah stres oksidatif. Penelitian tahun ke-3 menganalisis peran sinyal antioksidan dalam hal ini Ast4 dan atau vitamin D terhadap homeostasis redoks pada tuberculosis. Kesimpulan penelitian suplementasi astragalosida 4 pada OAT mcningkalkan ekspresi superoksida dismutase (SOD) endogen, suplementasi vilamin D pada OAT meningkatkan aktivitas glutathione peroxidase (GPx), suplementasi Astragaloside 4 pada OAT dapat menurunkan malondialdehida (MDA), dan suplementasi vitamin D menurunkan ekspresi I-Isp70

Shortening of Amino Acids from C-terminal of PZase as Basis of Pyrazinamide Resistance in P14 Isolate of Mycobacterium Tuberculosis Strain

AbstractPyrazinamide (PZA) is one of the mainstays WHO-recommended drugs for therapy of tuberculosis (TB). The emergence of PZA resistance in clinical isolates of M. tuberculosis is often associated with pncA gene mutations encoding PZase. A local clinical isolate of Mycobacterium tuberculosis strain showed phenotipe resistant to PZA at concentration of 10μg/mL. The ORF of pncA gene of the isolate showed deletion of guanine base at position 81, then followed by shortening of 70 amino acids from C-terminal of PZAse which has 186 amino acid residues. The mutant of PZase took frame shift of amino acids after the residue at position 27. The pncA gene mutation at the level of genotype, that produced a physical-chemical alteration of the active site or the metal-binding site of PZase, in this case perturbing or lossing its activity was proposed as trigering the PZA resistance in P14 clinical isolate of M. tuberculosis strain

Mekanisme Molekuler Insersi Gen Resisten Streptomycin Pada M. Tuberculose dengan Gen Streptomyces sp. Isolat Lokal Indonesia Sebagai Konsep Mendesain Obat Baru Yang Lebih Poten

Haasil penelitian ini adalah: 1. Dari isolat Streptomyces sp. ternyata yang menunjukkan daya hambat terhadap bakteri M.Tuberculose 2. Dari enam isolat Streptomyces sp. penghasil antibiotik, yang dapat disekuensing adalah Streptomyces Streptomyces sp. 1, sp-3, dan sp- 6 yang melalui identifikasi secara makroskopis, mikroskopis, fisiologis dan urutan gen I6S rRNA, ketiganya merupakan isolat lokal baru. 3. Profil kromatogram dan bioautogram antibiotik menunjukkan bahwa Streptomyces sp. 1, sp-3, dan sp-

IN VITRO ANTIBACTERIAL ACTIVITY OF EUCALYPTUS (Melaleuca leucadendra) OIL AGAINST METHICILLIN-RESISTANT Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA)

Highlights • The use of eucalyptus oil is natural and risk-free. It has a lengthy history of use as a traditional medicine in Asia, including Indonesia. • It has been demonstrated that eucalyptus oil possesses antibacterial activity against MRSA, and this activity was controlled by the oil's concentration. Abstract Background: Eucalyptus (Melaleuca leucadendra) oil is used by Indonesians as an herbal medicine. Eucalyptus containing 1,8-cineol at 72.30% is expected to be used as an antibacterial.  Objective: The study aimed to assess the antibacterial activity of eucalyptus oil against Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) bacteria in vitro. Material and Method: The materials used were eucalyptus oil (M. leucadendra) in various concentrations with ethyl acetate as solvent. The research method used was the agar-well diffusion assay. The MRSA was suspended to 0.5 McFarland turbidity. The MRSA suspension was thoroughly swabbed onto the surface of the Mueller-Hinton agar plate. The wells were made with a diameter of 0.6 mm on Muller-Hinton agar aseptically and 100 µl of eucalyptus oil was put into the well using a micropipette and incubated for 24 hours at 37°C. The diameter of the inhibition zone was measured with a caliper. Statistical analysis using the SPSS software edition 23. Result: Eucalyptus oil solution starting from a concentration of 10% to 100% had an antibacterial response, which could be seen by the formation of a bacterial inhibition zone around the eucalyptus oil (M. leucadendra) wells. The inhibition ability of eucalyptus oil against MRSA bacteria was greatest at a concentration of 90% with an inhibition zone of 31.26 mm. It was found that the concentration of eucalyptus oil affected the diameter of the bacterial inhibition area. Conclusion: Eucalyptus oil has been shown to have antibacterial activity against MRSA and was influenced by the concentration of the oil

Ipteks bagi masyarakat (IbM) kelompok peternak lebah di Desa Tulusbesar Malang

LAPORAN PENELITIAN MENBAHAS TENTANG Ipteks bagi masyarakat (IbM) kelompok peternak lebah di Desa Tulusbesar Malan

Structure-Activity Relationship of Mutant KatG from INH resistant Mycobacterium tuberculosis

Mutation in katG gene of Mycobacterium tuberculosis encoding catalase-peroxidase that damage its enzyme activities is well associated with isoniazid (INH) resistance. The katG gene from INH resistant strain of M. tuberculosis clinical isolate L19 has been observed in previous study, carrying mutations of G 234 A and C T,and changed the arginine residue at position 209 with cysteine in its KatG protein. However the activities of the mutant protein has been not known yet. Expression of the katG gene L19 that was done in Escherisicia coli BL21(DE3) using pCold II-DNA generated KatG protein with 80 kDa in SDS PAGE electroforegram. The mutant protein of KatG L19 decreased 43% of catalase activity and 11% of peroxidase activity against to KatG wild type (H37RV). The model structure of the mutant KatG protein had deviation structure toward KatG wt as 0,13 for number of Root Mean Square Deviations (RMSD). The mutant KatG (Arg209Cys) losed two hydrogen interactions and a van der Waals bond which present in KatG wild type. In the KatG wt protein, the both hydrogen bonds was formed between the Arg209 residu to Glu201, while the van der Waals bond occured by lingking of Arg209 residu to Glu217. Disruption in the some chemical interactions might trigger the decline in catalase-peroxidase activities of mutant KatG L19 and further it bring out the INH resistance in the clinical isolate L19

Ipteks bagi masyarakat (IbM) kelompok peternak lebah di Desa Tulusbesar Malang

LAPORAN PENELITIAN MENBAHAS TENTANG Ipteks bagi masyarakat (IbM) kelompok peternak lebah di Desa Tulusbesar Malan

Karakterisasi Pola Gen 16s Rrna Streptomyces sp. Penghasil Antibiotik Isolat Tanah Ekosistem Mangrove di Jawa Timur

The anti microbial activities were determined by agar diffusion modified method by using Nutrient agar medium and Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 25923, Pseudomonas aeruginosa ATCC 27853, Escherichia coli ATCC 25922, Bacillus subtilis, Salmonella typhimurium as test microorganisms. Six spesies were showed anti microbial activity expressed as clear zone around the colonies agar (diameter 0,8 cm, height 3 mm). Diameters of the clear zone were observed each 24 hours for 10 days in order to establish diversity of the anti microbial activities. The profile of antimicrobial power of four Streptomyces sp. Isolates reveal different activities. Streptomyces sp. 2 has the highest activity in inhibiting Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 25922 at day 5 with inhibitory zone diameter as much as 29.2 mm, and Salmonella typhimurium at day 7 with inhibitory zone diameter as much as 27.5 mm, Streptomyces sp.-3 has the highest activity in inhibiting Pseudomonas aeruginosa TCC 27853 at day 6 with inhibitory zone diameter of 42.4 mm. Streptomycces sp.4 has the gighest activity in inhibiting Bacilluss subtilis at day 5 with inhibitory zone diameter of 20.7 mm. Phylogenetic analyses based on PCR showed that they formed distict phyletic band. Three isolates (sp.-1, sp.-3, and sp.-4) were determined based on their 16s rRna sequences. These isolates were assigned to genus Steptomyces. It is evident that by an partial 16s rRna gene sequence of the strain that it formed a distinc pyletic line within the range of variation encompassed by the genus Streptomycetes and the sharp separation of the organism from representatitves of the genus Streptomyces was strengthened by the fact that is sequencing 16S Rrna differed from those of 1589 recognized Streptomyces spesies. Key words: Streptomyces, mangrove, 16S rRNA gene, antibioti

Upaya Pengembangan Biodesel Untuk Penyediaan Energi Terbarukan Menggunakan Microalga Clorella Sp Strain Lokal

Ketahanan energi menjadi salah satu isu nasional di Indonesia, sehingga perlu mendapat perhatian dari semua komponen bangsa, sebab krisis di bidang energi ini dapat berdampak pada banyak sektor, yang tidak hanya sebatas pada sektor ekonomi tetapi juga sektor politik, keamanan, kesehatan, lingkungan, dan kemanusiaan. Universitas Airlangga sebagai bagian dari komponen bangsa memiliki tanggung jawab dalam menjaga ketahanan energi nasional, dengan menjadikan riset penyediaan energi terbarukan dari sumber hayati yang melimpah di Indonesia sebagai salah satu unggulan dalam pengembangan raadmap penelitiannya. Lingkungan perairan Indonesia memiliki keanekaragaman hayati mikroalga yang sangat tinggi, tetapi potensinya belum dimanfaatkan secara maksimal. Di banyak negara, mikroalga telah dimanfaatkan untuk agen produksi biofuel, sebab mikroalga mampu menghasilkan asam lemak dan karbohidrat yang tinggi. Melalui proses esterifikasi, asam lemak mikroalga dapat dikonversi menjadi biodiesel