42 research outputs found
Ressonâncias: as ciladas da imprensa. Sobre o artigo de Marta Severo: a imagem da mulher em revistas femininas
Os museus históricos e pedagógicos do estado de São Paulo
This paper analyzes the creation of the Historical and Pedagogical Museums network in the State of São Paulo between 1956 and 1973, mainly taking into consideration the concept for creation, the program, and the role of the museum in society. This work covers a period until the end of the 1990's, when the curators of the museums, which belonged to the State until that time, was transferred to the municipalities by means of a "municipalization" process coordinated by the Department of Museums and Archives of the State Department of Cultural Affairs (DEMA-SEC). It also shows that the implementation of this museums network - among other initiatives in the fields of education and of culture - addressed earlier needs of asserting an identity, emphasizing through projects of this type the hegemonic character of the State. This allowed to align the initiative of creating the museums with others actions carried out by the State before, and also enabled that this topic was take out from its long isolation from the study of State history. It also considers the web of relationships existing among the various sectors with which museums were connected, such as education, culture, and the São Paulo Historical and Geographical Institute, the Government, and Society. The implementation of Historical and Pedagogical Museums by means of State action, through its Departments of Education (from 1956 to 1968) and Cultural Affairs (from 1968 to 1998) was one of the ways through which the Government orientated its activities during those years in the fields of history, education and culture. The central thesis is that the implementation of these museums has fully addressed the aspirations of society at the time, while, at the same time, underscoring the logic behind the ideation that has oriented the characteristic mode of operation of museums during the years in which their curatorship was exercised by the Government, and proposes to consider them as a paradigm for "historical museums of the State of São Paulo".Este estudo analisa a criação da rede de museus históricos e pedagógicos do estado de São Paulo entre os anos de 1956 e 1973, sobretudo quanto ao conceito de criação, de programa e de função de museu na sociedade. Tal análise estende-se ao final da década de 1990, quando a tutela dos museus, até então estadual, é transferida às cidades por meio do processo de municipalização, coordenado pelo Departamento de Museus e Arquivos, da Secretaria de Estado da Cultura (Dema-SEC). Em meio a outras iniciativas nos campos da educação e da cultura, aborda a correspondência existente entre a implantação da rede desses museus e antigas necessidades de afirmação identitária, ao evidenciar, por meio de projetos desta natureza, o caráter hegemônico do Estado e sua atuação em campos como o da história, o da educação e o da cultura. Isso permitiu alinhar a iniciativa de criação dos museus a outras anteriormente promovidas pelo estado de São Paulo e possibilitar que o tema escapasse de um prolongado isolamento no estudo da história paulista. Trata, também, da trama de relações existentes entre diversos setores ligados aos museus - educação, cultura, Instituto Histórico e Geográfico de São Paulo (IHGSP), poder público e sociedade. A hipótese central é de que a implantação desses museus correspondeu plenamente às aspirações da sociedade de uma época, ao mesmo tempo em que evidencia a lógica da ideação que determinou o modo característico de atuação dos museus nos anos em que estiveram sob a tutela do governo estadual, propondo, assim, entendê-los como paradigma de "museu histórico do estado de São Paulo"
ARTD1 regulates osteoclastogenesis and bone homeostasis by dampening NF-κB-dependent transcription of IL-1β
While ADP-ribosyltransferase diphtheria toxin-like 1 (ARTD1, formerly PARP1) and its enzymatic activity have been shown to be important for reprogramming and differentiation of cells, such as during adipogenesis, their role and mechanism in regulating osteoclastogenesis and bone homeostasis are largely unknown. Here, in cell culture-based RANKL-induced osteoclastogenesis models, we show that silencing of ARTD1 or inhibition of its enzymatic activity enhances osteoclast differentiation and function. As a consequence of ARTD1 silencing or inhibition, the recruitment of p65/RelA to the IL-1β promoter, which is associated with transcriptionally active histone marks, IL-1β expression and inflammasome-dependent secretion of IL-1β are enhanced. This subsequently promotes sustained induction of the transcription factor Nfatc1/A and osteoclastogenesis in an autocrine manner via the IL-1 receptor. In vivo, Artd1-deficient mice display significantly decreased bone mass as a consequence of increased osteoclast differentiation. Accordingly, the expression of osteoclast markers is enhanced in mutant compared to wild-type mice. Together, these results indicate that ARTD1 controls osteoclast development and bone remodelling via its enzymatic activity by modulating the epigenetic marks surrounding the IL-1β promoter and expression of IL-1β and subsequently also Nfatc1/A