Разработка автоматической системы регулирования температуры перегретого пара парогенератора БКЗ- 220-100 Степногорской ТЭЦ

Целью работы является разработка АСР температуры перегретого пара парового котла с использованием современных технических средств автоматизации. В ходе выполнения работы была разработана конструкторская документация, осуществлен подбор технических средств автоматизации, а также разработано прикладное программное обеспечение. В дополнительных разделах была проведена оценка коммерческой ценности проекта и представлены меры по снижению вредных и опасных факторов.The aim of the work is to develop ACS temperature of superheated steam in a steam boiler, using modern technical means of automation. In the course of work the design documentation was developed, the selection of technical means of automation was carried out, and the applied software was developed. In additional sections, the commercial value of the project was assessed and measures to reduce harmful and hazardous factors were presented

Investigation of Founder Effects for the Thr377Met Myocilin Mutation in Glaucoma Families from Differing Ethnic Backgrounds

Purpose: The aim of this study was to determine if there is a common founder for the Thr377Met myocilin mutation in primary open angle glaucoma (POAG) families with various ethnic backgrounds. Methods: Genomic DNA of 24 POAG-affected individuals from nine pedigrees with the Thr377Met mutation and 104 unaffected family members was genotyped with six microsatellite markers and four single nucleotide polymorphisms. The families were from Greece, India, Finland, the USA, and Australia. To assess the degree of linkage disequilibrium across MYOC in the general population we also investigated data generated from the HapMap consortium. Results: Three distinct haplotypes associated with the Thr377Met myocilin mutation were identified. The families from the USA and Greece, as well as the three Australian families originating from Greece and the former Yugoslavian Republic of Macedonia had one common haplotype. Interestingly, however, HapMap data suggest that linkage disequilibrium across MYOC was not strong. Conclusions: The Thr377Met myocilin mutation has arisen at least three separate times. Evidence for genetic founder effects in this prevalent age-related, yet heterogeneous, disease has important implications for future gene identification strategies

Influence of alternating current electrokinetic forces and torque on the elongation of immobilized DNA

The authors investigate the elongation and orientation of different-sized deoxyribose nucleic acid (DNA) molecules, tethered onto gold electrodes via a terminal thiol, under the influence of high frequency ac electric fields. The DNA molecules are elongated from a random coil into an extended conformation and orientated along the electric field lines as a result of the forces acting on the molecules during the application of the ac electric fields. Elongation was observed in the frequency range 100 kHz-1 MHz, with field strengths of 0.06-1.0 MV/m. Maximum elongation for all DNA fragments tested, irrespective of size, was found for frequencies between 200 and 300 kHz. The torque acting on the induced dipole in the DNA molecules, complemented by a directional bias force, opposite in direction to the dielectrophoretic force, provides the main contribution to the elongation process. The length of elongation is limited to either half the distance between opposing electrodes or to the contour length of the DNA, whichever is shorter. Further, the authors show that the normalized length of the elongated DNA molecules is independent of the contour length of the DNA. (C) 2005 American Institute of Physics

Study of Thermal Properties of Graphene-Based Structures Using the Force Constant Method

The thermal properties of graphene-based materials are theoretically investigated. The fourth-nearest neighbor force constant method for phonon properties is used in conjunction with both the Landauer ballistic and the non-equilibrium Green's function techniques for transport. Ballistic phonon transport is investigated for different structures including graphene, graphene antidot lattices, and graphene nanoribbons. We demonstrate that this particular methodology is suitable for robust and efficient investigation of phonon transport in graphene-based devices. This methodology is especially useful for investigations of thermoelectric and heat transport applications.Comment: 23 pages, 9 figures, 1 tabl

Overlapping demyelinating syndromes and anti-NMDA receptor encephalitis

Objective: To report the clinical, radiological, and immunological association of demyelinating disorders with anti-N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor (NMDAR) encephalitis. Methods: Clinical and radiological analysis was done of a cohort of 691 patients with anti-NMDAR encephalitis. Determination of antibodies to NMDAR, aquaporin-4 (AQP4), and myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein (MOG) was performed using brain immunohistochemistry and cell-based assays. Results: Twenty-three of 691 patients with anti-NMDAR encephalitis had prominent magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and/or clinical features of demyelination. Group 1 included 12 patients in whom anti-NMDAR encephalitis was preceded or followed by independent episodes of neuromyelitis optica (NMO) spectrum disorder (5 cases, 4 anti-AQP4 positive) or brainstem or multifocal demyelinating syndromes (7 cases, all anti-MOG positive). Group 2 included 11 patients in whom anti-NMDAR encephalitis occurred simultaneously with MRI and symptoms compatible with demyelination (5 AQ4 positive, 2 MOG positive). Group 3 (136 controls) included 50 randomly selected patients with typical anti-NMDAR encephalitis, 56 with NMO, and 30 with multiple sclerosis; NMDAR antibodies were detected only in the 50 anti-NMDAR patients, MOG antibodies in 3 of 50 anti-NMDAR and 1 of 56 NMO patients, and AQP4 antibodies in 48 of 56 NMO and 1 of 50 anti-NMDAR patients (p < 0.0001 for all comparisons with Groups 1 and 2). Most patients improved with immunotherapy, but compared with anti-NMDAR encephalitis the demyelinating episodes required more intensive therapy and resulted in more residual deficits. Only 1 of 23 NMDAR patients with signs of demyelination had ovarian teratoma compared with 18 of 50 anti-NMDAR controls (p = 0.011). Interpretation: Patients with anti-NMDAR encephalitis may develop concurrent or separate episodes of demyelinating disorders, and conversely patients with NMO or demyelinating disorders with atypical symptoms (eg, dyskinesias, psychosis) may have anti-NMDAR encephalitis

Guillain-Barre syndrome after SARS-CoV-2 infection in an international prospective cohort study

In the wake of the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) pandemic, an increasing number of patients with neurological disorders, including Guillain-Barre syndrome (GBS), have been reported following this infection. It remains unclear, however, if these cases are coincidental or not, as most publications were case reports or small regional retrospective cohort studies. The International GBS Outcome Study is an ongoing prospective observational cohort study enrolling patients with GBS within 2 weeks from onset of weakness. Data from patients included in this study, between 30 January 2020 and 30 May 2020, were used to investigate clinical and laboratory signs of a preceding or concurrent SARS-CoV-2 infection and to describe the associated clinical phenotype and disease course. Patients were classified according to the SARS-CoV-2 case definitions of the European Centre for Disease Prevention and Control and laboratory recommendations of the World Health Organization. Forty-nine patients with GBS were included, of whom eight (16%) had a confirmed and three (6%) a probable SARS-CoV-2 infection. Nine of these 11 patients had no serological evidence of other recent preceding infections associated with GBS, whereas two had serological evidence of a recent Campylobacter jejuni infection. Patients with a confirmed or probable SARS-CoV-2 infection frequently had a sensorimotor variant 8/11 (73%) and facial palsy 7/11 (64%). The eight patients who underwent electrophysiological examination all had a demyelinating subtype, which was more prevalent than the other patients included in the same time window [14/30 (47%), P = 0.012] as well as historical region and age-matched control subjects included in the International GBS Outcome Study before the pandemic [23/44 (52%), P = 0.016]. The median time from the onset of infection to neurological symptoms was 16 days (interquartile range 12-22). Patients with SARS-CoV-2 infection shared uniform neurological features, similar to those previously described in other post-viral GBS patients. The frequency (22%) of a preceding SARS-CoV-2 infection in our study population was higher than estimates of the contemporaneous background prevalence of SARS-CoV-2, which may be a result of recruitment bias during the pandemic, but could also indicate that GBS may rarely follow a recent SARS-CoV-2 infection. Consistent with previous studies, we found no increase in patient recruitment during the pandemic for our ongoing International GBS Outcome Study compared to previous years, making a strong relationship of GBS with SARS-CoV-2 unlikely. A case-control study is required to determine if there is a causative link or not

Calibration of the Logarithmic-Periodic Dipole Antenna (LPDA) Radio Stations at the Pierre Auger Observatory using an Octocopter

An in-situ calibration of a logarithmic periodic dipole antenna with a frequency coverage of 30 MHz to 80 MHz is performed. Such antennas are part of a radio station system used for detection of cosmic ray induced air showers at the Engineering Radio Array of the Pierre Auger Observatory, the so-called Auger Engineering Radio Array (AERA). The directional and frequency characteristics of the broadband antenna are investigated using a remotely piloted aircraft (RPA) carrying a small transmitting antenna. The antenna sensitivity is described by the vector effective length relating the measured voltage with the electric-field components perpendicular to the incoming signal direction. The horizontal and meridional components are determined with an overall uncertainty of 7.4^{+0.9}_{-0.3} % and 10.3^{+2.8}_{-1.7} % respectively. The measurement is used to correct a simulated response of the frequency and directional response of the antenna. In addition, the influence of the ground conductivity and permittivity on the antenna response is simulated. Both have a negligible influence given the ground conditions measured at the detector site. The overall uncertainties of the vector effective length components result in an uncertainty of 8.8^{+2.1}_{-1.3} % in the square root of the energy fluence for incoming signal directions with zenith angles smaller than 60{\deg}.Comment: Published version. Updated online abstract only. Manuscript is unchanged with respect to v2. 39 pages, 15 figures, 2 table