Seleksi Segregan Gandum (Triticum Aestivum L.) pada Dataran Tinggi

Pedigree selection is a method of selection used in segregating populations which takes the expertise of breeders in achieving the desired goal. This method is implemented on the early generations with a high degree of segregation and is generally performed on highly heritable traits. The purpose of this research was to study the performance of F3 generation segregants and to estimate the genetic parameters to be used for identification and selection of wheat segregants under optimum environmental condition. The research was carried out at the experiment field of Research Institute for Ornamental Crops, in Cipanas from May to September 2012. Genetic material used were 58 F3 family and six check varieties, namely Dewata, Selayar, Oasis, Rabe, Basribey, and HP 1744. The experiment used an augmented design. Results of analysis of variance showed that the family effect was significant for days to flowering, days to harvest, percentage of empty florets, number of grains per panicle, grain weight per panicle, number of seeds per plant and seed weight per plant. High heritability estimates were found in days to flowering, days to harvest, seed filling period, percentage of empty florets, number of grains per panicle, grain weight per panicle, number of seeds per plant, and seed weight per plant. These characters are suitable for yield improvement of tropical highland wheat due to its high heritability values. The mean value of F3 generation changes subsequent to selection either based on grain weight per plant, or based on number of productive tillers, number of grain per panicle, and grain weight per plant

Keragaan dan Keragaman Genetik Karakter Agronomi Galur Mutan Putatif Gandum Generasi M5

The cultivation of wheat in Indonesia especially at medium-low altitude faces problems such as high temperatures whicheffect negativelyon the yield. The aims of this research was to obtain informations on performance, genetic variability and heritability of agronomic characters of wheat putative mutant lines on M5 generation. Genotypes evaluated in the study consisted of 98 putative mutant lines of M5 generation and six varieties as checks, namely Dewata, Selayar, Oasis, Rabe, Kasifbey, and Basribey. The research was conducted at Research Station of IOCRI (Indonesian Ornamental Crops Research Institute), Cipanas. Genotypes were arranged in an augmented, randomized block design. Result of the experiment showed that high heritability estimates were observed for plant height (83.03%), tiller number (61.75%), days to flowering (85.41%), days to maturity (67.45%), spike length (70.25%), spikelet number (65.08%), unfilled grain number (71.49%), seed number per spike (75.16%), seed weight per spike (81.69%), and seed weight per plant (74.21%). The estimated genotypic coefficient of variation (GCV) were high for unfilled grain number(26.35%) and seed weight per plant (18.35%). Based on seed weight per plant, 30 best putative mutant lines were selected

Studi Radiosensitivitas Kedelai [Glycine Max (L) Merr] Varietas Argomulyo Melalui Irradiasi Sinar Gamma

Benih-benih kedelai dari varietas Argomulyo diiradiasi sinar gamma untuk meningkatkan keragaman genetik, memperbaiki morfologi tanaman dan nantinya untuk mendapatkan produksi hasil yang tinggi. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui radiosensitivitas tanaman kedelai [Glycine max (L) Merr ] varietas Argomulyo melalui irradiasi sinar gamma dan mengetahui respon pemberian tingkat irradiasi mikro sinar gamma terhadap pertumbuhan dan perkembangan dari benih kedelai turunan pertama (M ). Penelitian ini 1merupakan percobaan faktor tunggal dosis irradiasi yang terdiri dari delapan taraf, yaitu 0 Gy, 200 Gy, 400 Gy, 600 Gy, 800 Gy, dan 1000 Gy. Untuk mendapatkan nilai Lethal Dosis 50 (LD ), digunakan program Curve-fit 50Analysis. Untuk mengetahui respon pemberian tingkat irradiasi mikro sinar gamma, benih kedelai yang diuji adalah benih kedelai varietas Argomulyo yang diirradiasi dengan dosis rendah sinar gamma (micro mutation) dengan dosis sedikit dibawah LD yaitu 0 Gy, 50 Gy, 100 Gy, 150 Gy dan 200 Gy. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan 50 bahwa nilai Lethal Dosis 50 (LD ) terdapat pada dosis 457,178 Gy. Keragaman yang diperoleh dari tinggi 50 tanaman, jumlah cabang, jumlah polong, jumlah polong hampa dan jumlah biji pada generasi M mempengaruhi 1 pertumbuhan dan perkembangan tanaman baik secara kualitatif dan kuantitatif yang akhirnya akan mempengaruhi produksi tanaman

Induced Mutations by Gamma Ray Irradiation to Argomulyo Soybean (Glycine Max) Variety

Hanafiah DS, Trikoesoemaningtyas, Yahya S, Wirnas D. 2010. Induced mutations by gamma ray irradiation to Argomulyosoybean (Glycine max) variety. Nusantara Bioscience 2: 121-125. Induced mutation by gamma ray irradiation is one way to increasegenetic variability of plants. This research used gamma ray irradiation on low doses (micro mutation). The aim of this research was toknow the respons of doses level by micro mutation on gamma ray irridation to the growing and development of Argomulyo variety ofsoybean [Glycine max (L) Merr]. The seeds were irradiated by gamma ray micro mutation doses, namely 0 gray, 50 gray, 100 gray, 150gray, and 200 gray. Variations that were obtained of each characters at generation M1 and M2 influences plants growth and developmenteither through qualitative and quantitative that finally will influence plant’s production. The average highest genetic variation at M2generation of soybean was on 200 Gray doses. Results of the research indicated that gamma ray irradiation on 200 Gray doseseffectively caused of plant variation genetic