Tilting\Plate and Bending\Arches: Shape-Changing Interfaces as Expressive Forms

How can designers gain a better sensibility for designing more sensory engaging and aesthetically pleasing objects as well as for the expressive richness and potentials of shape-change? The two exploratory prototypes, Tilting\Plate and Bending\Arches, investigate the visceral, aesthetic dimensions of shape-changing interfaces. While shape-change is currently receiving a lot of attention in Human–Computer Interaction (HCI) and interaction design, less attention has been given to the expressive qualities of such interfaces. The prototypes presented here focus on the immediate, aesthetic potentials of shape-change and illustrate the expressional diversity and richness of actuation. Aesthetic explorations can also help to identify radically new applicational uses of shape-change as a design modality.

A new Danish inventory for IFR flights used to improve national fuel use and emission estimates

This paper describes 1) a new model developed for calculating the fuel use and emissions for all IFR (Instrumental Flight Rules) jet and turbo-prop flights in Denmark, Greenland and the Faroe Islands in 1998 and 2) recommendations to improve the current model used for national estimates based on the new model results. The new model uses the new detailed CORINAIR (COoRdination of Information on AIR emissions) calculation principle. It was feasible to set up the inventory system. Air traffic data was provided by EUROCONTROL and information on aircraft types and airport codes was obtained from ICAO (International Civil Aviation Organization). All aircraft were grouped into 24 representative aircraft types for which fuel use and emission data were available in the CORINAIR databank per LTO and for distance classes. Cruise results were estimated for each flight by adjusting for the given flight length. Except for international Landings and Take Offs (LTO< 3000ft) in Copenhagen Airport it is recommended to update all fuel use and emission data in the current model for national estimates. The improved data can be derived from the new model results. There is also a need to further scrutinize for which purposes the aviation fuel is used in Danish Airports. The present study’s results could be valuable in a cross-check examination of statistical data versus model estimates

Improving fuel statistics for Danish aviation

In Denmark there is a growing need for consistent aviation fuel use statistics in order to meet specific requirements from different statistical bodies, to support emission inventories asked for by international conventions and for environmental monitoring work according to national target plans. In the Danish energy statistics fuel used by flights from Denmark to Greenland and the Faroe Islands are reported as international fuel use, while the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Changes (UNFCCC) prescribe this fuel use to be reported as a part of the Danish domestic fuel use together with the fuel used in Greenland and the Faroe Islands for domestic flying. This project aim to: 1) develop a method to divide total aviation fuel sold in Denmark into domestic and international aviation fuel sale figures from 1985 to 2000, and 2) estimate the fuel used by flights from Denmark to Greenland and the Faroe Islands, respectively and domestic flights inside Greenland and the Faroe Islands, and 3) develop a method which allocates domestic and international fuel use into figures for passenger and cargo. Both methods under 1) and 2) should be used in the future to ensure consistent fuel use statistics.This paper presents the results from this project. &nbsp

Deep Belief Nets for Topic Modeling

Applying traditional collaborative filtering to digital publishing is challenging because user data is very sparse due to the high volume of documents relative to the number of users. Content based approaches, on the other hand, is attractive because textual content is often very informative. In this paper we describe large-scale content based collaborative filtering for digital publishing. To solve the digital publishing recommender problem we compare two approaches: latent Dirichlet allocation (LDA) and deep belief nets (DBN) that both find low-dimensional latent representations for documents. Efficient retrieval can be carried out in the latent representation. We work both on public benchmarks and digital media content provided by Issuu, an online publishing platform. This article also comes with a newly developed deep belief nets toolbox for topic modeling tailored towards performance evaluation of the DBN model and comparisons to the LDA model.Comment: Accepted to the ICML-2014 Workshop on Knowledge-Powered Deep Learning for Text Minin

Fuel use and emissions for non road machinery in Denmark 1985- 2020

This paper explains the new Danish 1985-2020 emission inventory for non road machinery. Stock and operational data are from different statistical sources, research institutes, relevant professional bodies and machinery manufacturers. Updated fuel use and emission factors originate from various measurement programmes. Future factors are tailored to the current EU emission legislation. Beyond the basic calculation approach, the emission computations take into account the effects from engine deterioration, transient loads and gasoline evaporation. The major source of NOx and PM emissions are diesel engines. Most of the HC and CO emissions come from gasoline machinery. From 1985 to 2020, the total fuel use and the emissions of HC, NOx and PM decrease by 7, 43, 62 and 87%, respectively, whereas the CO emissions increase by 7%. In the forecast period from 2005-2020, the percentage NOx and PM emission reductions are almost the same as for road traffic. For HC, the reduction percentage is somewhat smaller, whereas for CO the emission development is so poor, that non road machinery ends up being the largest source of emissions by the end of the forecast period. The availability of new non road emission factors is very useful for other European countries, and work should be done to include these data in the European EMEP/CORINAIR guidebook

Fuel use and emissions for non road machinery in Denmark 1985- 2020

This paper explains the new Danish 1985-2020 emission inventory for non road machinery. Stock and operational data are from different statistical sources, research institutes, relevant professional bodies and machinery manufacturers. Updated fuel use and emission factors originate from various measurement programmes. Future factors are tailored to the current EU emission legislation. Beyond the basic calculation approach, the emission computations take into account the effects from engine deterioration, transient loads and gasoline evaporation. The major source of NOx and PM emissions are diesel engines. Most of the HC and CO emissions come from gasoline machinery. From 1985 to 2020, the total fuel use and the emissions of HC, NOx and PM decrease by 7, 43, 62 and 87%, respectively, whereas the CO emissions increase by 7%. In the forecast period from 2005-2020, the percentage NOx and PM emission reductions are almost the same as for road traffic. For HC, the reduction percentage is somewhat smaller, whereas for CO the emission development is so poor, that non road machinery ends up being the largest source of emissions by the end of the forecast period. The availability of new non road emission factors is very useful for other European countries, and work should be done to include these data in the European EMEP/CORINAIR guidebook

Emissioner af drivhusgasser fra tunge køretøjer på biogas

Dette studie undersøger CH4 tabet og de samlede drivhusgasemissionsbesparelser i forbindelse med brugen af opgraderet biogas som brændstof til tunge køretøjer i Danmark. Undersøgelsen fokuserer på emissionerne i forbindelse med køretøjernes drift og emissionerne fra tankning af brændstoffet. Emissionsberegningerne gøres i to scenarier i 2035 med hhv. høje og lave CH4-tab emissionsfaktorer hentet fra den eksisterende litteratur. Resultaterne viser at motortab/tankfordampning er den største kilde til CH4 udslippet efterfulgt af CH4 lækager ved tankstationen og CH4 direkte fra udstødningen. Procentandelene for CH4 emissionen ved lavt[højt] CH4 tab beregnes til 57 %[62 %] for motortab/tankfordampning, 43 %[23 %] for tankstation og 0.4 %[15 %] for udstødningen. De samlede drivhusgasemissionsreduktioner ved lavt og højt CH4-tab bliver hhv. 91 % og 86 % for tank-to-wheel, og 88 % og 84 % for pump-to-wheel, set i forhold til diesel reference scenariet

Educational materials as collaborative design space? Teachers’ remix practices through designing, sharing, redesigning and resharing materials in CourseBuilder

The study presented constitutes the first step in a research project aiming at gaining more insight into the processes of creating educational materials through a collaborative design space. Additionally, it focuses on the possibilities of and challenges involved in creating valuable and meaningful educational materials drawing on teachers’ remix practices. The purpose of the study is to investigate how teachers' collaborative interaction with educational tools may influence ongoing improvement of the courses and materials included in design of contextualized learning paths. By taking our point of departure in existing theories and knowledge, we designed a triangulated methodology using a combination of questionnaires, interviews and user behaviour data focusing on the use of the CourseBuilder as a collaborative space. The article focuses on the possibilities and barriers of developing a collaborative design space that enables a (re)design of digital educational materials which looks at teachers’ interest in: 1) designing their own teaching materials, 2) working professionally with the redesign and remixing of materials from many different sources, and 3) adapting them to the many contexts in which materials of this type are included. This article should be seen as a step towards a deeper understanding of opportunities and challenges within teachers' cooperation on designing, sharing, redesigning and resharing teaching materials. It shows that there is a high degree of acceptance of digital teaching materials among teachers of upper secondary schools in Denmark. Furthermore, there seems to be a collaborative culture, where the majority of teachers indicate that they already collaborate professionally regarding course planning and they see advantages connected with these practises. In prior research, factors promoting the adaptation of virtual collaboration are mentioned. These include teachers’ digital skills, professional development through courses, allocated time and integration of tools that allow teachers to enter into re-design networks with colleagues. All the institutions participating in our study show a supportive environment regarding the use of CourseBuilder. However, several factors were identified indicating that CourseBuilder is not the ideal version of a design collaborator. Although the necessary factors for a successful collaborative environment are present, somehow there seems to be a missing link in the fulfilment of CourseBuilder as collaborative design space. Put differently, there are collaborative supportive environments at the specific institutions - but the productive remix practices are not facilitated by CourseBuilder, despite the design intentions and layout

Emissionskonsekvenser af modeller for etablering af miljøzoner for mobile ikke-vejgående arbejdsmaskiner: Artikel

Emissionskonsekvenserne af at indføre miljøzoner for arbejdsmaskiner i Danmark er beregnet for årene 2025, 2027 og 2030 med DCE’s non-road emissionsmodel (DEMOS-NRMM). Beregningerne er udført for fire forskellige miljøzoneområder (a)-(d), og miljøscenarier med krav til enten maskinernes emissionsnorm eller afgiftsbetaling. Scenariernes bestandsfordelinger på EU-emissionstrin er bestemt af COWI i et forudgående projekt bl.a. ud fra DCE’s bestandsdata og analyser af virksomhedernes maskinvalg i de forskellige scenarier.NOx og PM2.5 basisemissionerne beregnet for arbejdsmaskiner i det samlede geografiske område (b+c+d) er ganske små, og udgør mellem 6 % og 7 % af den nationale basisemission i alle årene 2025, 2027 og 2030. De største NOx og PM2.5 emissionsreduktioner opnås i Scenarie 1.A i 2025 hvor kun stage V maskiner bruges. Emissionsreduktionerne er størst for PM2.5. For PM2.5[NOx] beregnes i 2025 en emissionsreduktion på 93 %[14 %], 88 %[12 %], 79 %[11 %] og 76 %[9 %] for hhv. Scenarie 1.A, 1.B, 3.A og 3.B ift. til basisemissionen i det samlede område (b+c+d). Pga. den naturlige udskiftning til stage V maskiner i basisbestanden falder især basisemissionerne af PM2.5 markant frem mod 2030, og PM2.5 emissionseffekterne af at indføre miljøzoner bliver derfor også gradvist mindre. PM2.5[NOx] basisemissionerne falder med 67 %[11 %] fra 2025 til 2030. For scenarie 1.A stiger PM2.5 emissionen med 4 %, mens NOx emissionen falder med 2 %. For scenarie 1.B, 3.A og 3.B falder PM2.5[NOx] emissionerne med hhv. 28 %[4 %], 33 %[3 %] og 46 %[5 %] fra 2025 til 2030.Arbejdsmaskinernes emissionsbidrag til NO2-og PM2.5-bybaggrundskoncentrationerne udgør i basis hhv. 1,25 % og 0,05 % af de årlige målte bybaggrundskoncentrationer i København. De lavere emissioner fra arbejdsmaskiner vil nedbringe de årlige bybaggrundskoncentrationer for NO2 med 0,2 % i både scenarie 1.A og 3.A, og for PM2.5 med hhv. 0,04 % og 0,03 % i scenarie 1.A og 3.A. Emissionsbidraget fra arbejdsmaskiner til spidsværdien for NO2-koncentrationen (19. største timemiddelværdi) og PM2.5-koncentrationen (4. største døgnmiddelværdi) i København og Frederiksberg i 2025 udgør i basis hhv. 13,2 % og 0,2 % af den højeste målte timemiddelværdi for NO2 og den 4. største døgnmiddelværdi for PM2.5 i bybaggrund. De lavere bidrag fra arbejdsmaskiner til spidsværdien af NO2-koncentrationen vil give reduktioner på 1,8 % og 1,4 % af den højeste målte timemiddelværdi i bybaggrund for hhv. scenarie 1.A og 3.A. For PM2.5 reduceres den 4. største døgnmiddelværdi i bybaggrundskoncentrationen med hhv. 0,18 % og 0,14 % i scenarie 1.A og 3.A