William Faulkner's "Temple" of Innocence

Paper on William Faulkner by Aubrey William

Black Matter: Re-Evaluating Representations Of Blackness Through Theatre Arts

There are many studies that detail the misrepresentation of Black people or lack thereof in classic media (visual art, literature and theatre). This study seeks to explore how Blackness is represented in classic media: film, television, visual art and theatre and how these representations shape the consciousness of young Black and African American adults ages 18-25. Using a narrative research approach, this study explores the arc of Black representation in classic media beginning in the late 1800’s and ending with the Black Arts Movement. This study utilized an original stage play as a creative component to mirror the content of the plays from the Black Arts Movement. The latter is followed by discussion with the audience members where I hope to find answers to the following questions: “How do you feel you are represented as a Black person through classic media?” and “Is this theatre intervention an effective tool for understanding Black consciousness?

Effects of Insulin Delivery Pumps on Diabetic Adherence to Treatment in Children and Adolescents

Abstract Effects of Insulin Delivery Pumps on Diabetic Adherence to Treatment in Children and Adolescents Background: Diabetes Mellitus (DM) is a chronic disease characterized by the inability of the body to create and release its own insulin to lower blood sugar. Automatic insulin delivery pumps are a substitute for glucose finger sticks and multiple daily injections to treat DM. These pumps measure patients\u27 glucose levels and administer insulin as needed which may lead to better overall treatment adherence for children and adolescents diagnosed with DM. Objective: This systematic review aimed to compare the effectiveness of insulin pumps on increased adherence to treatment in children and adolescents diagnosed with DM. Methods: A systematic literature review was conducted using the online databases PubMed and CINAHL to identify relevant studies. Articles were chosen using distinct inclusion and exclusion criteria. In total, six articles were retrieved and examined using this search strategy. Results: Results from these studies showed an overall higher adherence to treatment in children and adolescents who used insulin pumps compared to those who used multiple daily injections. In addition, patients overall had better control of their diabetes while utilizing an insulin pump. However, one study revealed that adolescents using insulin pumps had a slight decline in treatment adherence due to increased age and newfound independence from parental assistance. Conclusion: Most studies found the use of insulin pumps led to an increased adherence to treatment for children compared to patients who use multiple daily injections and blood glucose strips; however, adolescents who used insulin pumps demonstrated a decline in overall treatment adherence. These results reveal a need for further research on individual factors influencing adherence to treatment for children and adolescents with DM. Keywords: Diabetes Mellitus, children, adolescents, treatment adherence, insulin pump

Containing COVID: the establishment and management of a COVID-19 ward in an adult psychiatric hospital

BACKGROUND: As the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) epidemic in the UK emerged and escalated, clinicians working in mental health in-patient facilities faced unique medical, psychiatric and staffing challenges in managing and containing the impact of the virus and, in the context of legislation, enforcing social distancing. AIMS: To describe (a) the steps taken by one mental health hospital to establish a COVID-19 isolation ward for adult psychiatric in-patients and (b) how staff addressed the challenges that emerged over the period March to June 2020. METHOD: A descriptive study detailing the processes involved in changing the role of the ward and the measures taken to address the various challenges that arose. Brief clinical cases of two patients are included for illustrative purposes. RESULTS: We describe the achievements, lessons learned and outcomes of the process of repurposing a mental health triage ward into a COVID-19 isolation facility, including the impact on staff. Flexibility, rapid problem-solving and close teamwork were essential. Some of the changes made will be sustained on the ward in our primary role as a triage ward. CONCLUSIONS: Although the challenges faced were difficult, the legacy they have left is that of a range of improvements in patient care and the working environment

Growth optimization of n‐type GaAs on GaAs(201) substrates

A study of the growth by molecular‐beam epitaxy of Si‐doped n ‐type GaAs on the GaAs(201) surface is presented. The motivation for attempting growth on this particular plane, apart from fundamental considerations, is in connection with an investigation of off‐axis transport in GaAs. The effects of growth temperature and doping on GaAs(201) and GaAs(100) samples have been compared using the Hall effect, low‐temperature photoluminescence (PL), and Nomarski interference contrast microscopy. These studies showed that the PL, onset of conduction, and mobility behavior were very similar for both orientations. It was possible to dope n‐GaAs/GaAs(201) reliably from NSi∼4×1014 to 6×1018 cm−3, the highest mobility of 96 000 cm2 V−1 s−1 measured at 77 K, being obtained for a sample doped at NSi∼4×1014 cm−3

Cheaper faster drug development validated by the repositioning of drugs against neglected tropical diseases

There is an urgent need to make drug discovery cheaper and faster. This will enable the development of treatments for diseases currently neglected for economic reasons, such as tropical and orphan diseases, and generally increase the supply of new drugs. Here, we report the Robot Scientist 'Eve' designed to make drug discovery more economical. A Robot Scientist is a laboratory automation system that uses artificial intelligence (AI) techniques to discover scientific knowledge through cycles of experimentation. Eve integrates and automates library-screening, hit-confirmation, and lead generation through cycles of quantitative structure activity relationship learning and testing. Using econometric modelling we demonstrate that the use of AI to select compounds economically outperforms standard drug screening. For further efficiency Eve uses a standardized form of assay to compute Boolean functions of compound properties. These assays can be quickly and cheaply engineered using synthetic biology, enabling more targets to be assayed for a given budget. Eve has repositioned several drugs against specific targets in parasites that cause tropical diseases. One validated discovery is that the anti-cancer compound TNP-470 is a potent inhibitor of dihydrofolate reductase from the malaria-causing parasite Plasmodium vivax

Yeast-based automated high-throughput screens to identify anti-parasitic lead compounds

We have developed a robust, fully automated anti-parasitic drug-screening method that selects compounds specifically targeting parasite enzymes and not their host counterparts, thus allowing the early elimination of compounds with potential side effects. Our yeast system permits multiple parasite targets to be assayed in parallel owing to the strains’ expression of different fluorescent proteins. A strain expressing the human target is included in the multiplexed screen to exclude compounds that do not discriminate between host and parasite enzymes. This form of assay has the advantages of using known targets and not requiring the in vitro culture of parasites. We performed automated screens for inhibitors of parasite dihydrofolate reductases, N-myristoyltransferases and phosphoglycerate kinases, finding specific inhibitors of parasite targets. We found that our ‘hits’ have significant structural similarities to compounds with in vitro anti-parasitic activity, validating our screens and suggesting targets for hits identified in parasite-based assays. Finally, we demonstrate a 60 per cent success rate for our hit compounds in killing or severely inhibiting the growth of Trypanosoma brucei, the causative agent of African sleeping sickness

Selective Adsorption of Sodium Aluminum Fluoride Salts from Molten Aluminum

Aluminum is produced in electrolytic reduction cells where alumina feedstock is dissolved in molten cryolite (sodium aluminum fluoride) along with aluminum and calcium fluorides. The dissolved alumina is then reduced by electrolysis and the molten aluminum separates to the bottom of the cell. The reduction cell is periodically tapped to remove the molten aluminum. During the tapping process, some of the molten electrolyte (commonly referred as “bath” in the aluminum industry) is carried over with the molten aluminum and into the transfer crucible. The carryover of molten bath into the holding furnace can create significant operational problems in aluminum cast houses. Bath carryover can result in several problems. The most troublesome problem is sodium and calcium pickup in magnesium-bearing alloys. Magnesium alloying additions can result in Mg-Na and Mg-Ca exchange reactions with the molten bath, which results in the undesirable pickup of elemental sodium and calcium. This final report presents the findings of a project to evaluate removal of molten bath using a new and novel micro-porous filter media. The theory of selective adsorption or removal is based on interfacial surface energy differences of molten aluminum and bath on the micro-porous filter structure. This report describes the theory of the selective adsorption-filtration process, the development of suitable micro-porous filter media, and the operational results obtained with a micro-porous bed filtration system. The micro-porous filter media was found to very effectively remove molten sodium aluminum fluoride bath by the selective adsorption-filtration mechanism

Evolution of the crustal phosphorus reservoir

The release of phosphorus (P) from crustal rocks during weathering plays a key role in determining the size of Earth's biosphere, yet the concentration of P in crustal rocks over time remains controversial. Here, we combine spatial, temporal, and chemical measurements of preserved rocks to reconstruct the lithological and chemical evolution of Earth's continental crust. We identify a threefold increase in average crustal P concentrations across the Neoproterozoic-Phanerozoic boundary (600 to 400 million years), showing that preferential biomass burial on shelves acted to progressively concentrate P within continental crust. Rapid compositional change was made possible by massive removal of ancient P-poor rock and deposition of young P-rich sediment during an episode of enhanced global erosion. Subsequent weathering of newly P-rich crust led to increased riverine P fluxes to the ocean. Our results suggest that global erosion coupled to sedimentary P-enrichment forged a markedly nutrient-rich crust at the dawn of the Phanerozoic