Isolasi Dan Identifikasi Bakteri Aerob Yang Berpotensi Menjadi Sumber Penularan Infeksi Nosokomial Di Irina a Rsup Prof. Dr. R. D. Kandou Manado

: Nosocomial infection or Hospital Acquired Infection (HAI) is an infection caused by bacteria, parasite, or virus in the hospital, infection occur at least 72 hours since hospitalized. This infection occurs due to lack of hygiene of the environment causing microorganism infection from environment to human, infection can also occur due to transmission of microorganism from one patient to other patients. Inpatients potentially have very high risk of nosocomial infection occur due to continuous requiring treatment for more than 24 hours. Purpose: To determine the existence of aerobic bacteria that could potentially be the source of transmission of nosocomial infection in Irina A RSUP Prof. Dr. R. D. Kandou Manado. Method: This research was descriptive with cross sectional approach. Fourteen samples were taken from the surface of medical equipment, bed, floor, and wall of the treatment room and eight samples were taken from the air. Identification of bacteria was performed by culture on agar medium, staining gram, and biochemical test. Result: Bacillus subtilis found in nine samples (41%), Serratia liquefaciens found in five samples (22,7%), Lactobacillus found in two samples (9,1%), Staphylococcus found in two samples (9,1%), Coccus Gram negative found in two samples (9,1%), Enterobacter aerogenes found in one sample (4,5%), and Enterobacter agglomerans found in one sample (4,5%). Conclusion: Bacillus subtilis is the most bacteria which had been found in this research

Additional file 1: Table S1. of Explorations to improve the completeness of exome sequencing

Coverage of exons in 54 probands. Table S2. Genes with low coverage exons in all 54 probands. (XLSX 9613 kb

Additional file 1: Figure S1. of Replicate exome-sequencing in a multiple-generation family: improved interpretation of next-generation sequencing data

Systematic approach to study exome capture variability in exome-sequencing (A) Three-generation pedigree in which two individuals have an undiagnosed disease that segregated as an autosomal dominant disorder and a de novo variation arose in the second generation. (B) Model of individual subject sample blood DNA processing and sequencing. A sample of blood went through DNA isolation, and independent libraries (in triplicate) were sequenced to appropriate comparable depth and analyzed for various quality control parameters, target coverage, read depth and nucleotide variation detection. (C) Schematic illustration of sequencing read depth vs. targeted genomic region in relation to exome sequencing in replicate. Listed are also the main approaches taken in this study to analyzed exome replicate data. (D) Two main hypotheses tested using replicate exome data: (i) Biases in sequence capture resulting in poor coverage are addressable through repetition (ii) Library replication is beneficial to overall interpretation of sequence variation data. Figure S2. Titration of percentage targeted exome sequenced as a function of depth of sequencing thresholds in all three replicates per sample. Error bars show standard error for replicate sequencing. As expected, higher depth of sequencing thresholds (x-axis) result in higher-coverage (y-axis) variability in replicate exome data. Table S2.Titration of percentage target exome sequenced as a function of depth of sequencing thresholds (attached excel file). Table S3. Primers used for and results of Sanger sequencing analysis for resolution of replicate discordances in NGS data. Table S4. Primers used for and results of Sanger sequencing validation of de novo variants detected using NGS. (Concordant NGS and Sanger genotypes are highlighted in yellow). Figure S3. Box-plot of GC-content distribution in all first-exons (blue) and high-GC content (>70% GC; >=50 bp length). Table S5. Evaluation of coverage of targeted exons with high GC content (attached excel file). Table S6. Quote from Illumina for exome enrichment kits. Quotes in red indicate costs when the study was undertaken. Nextera prices, and other kit prices (in white) reflect current costs per sample (see last column). (DOC 1 mb

Additional file 2: Table S2. of Replicate exome-sequencing in a multiple-generation family: improved interpretation of next-generation sequencing data

Titration of percentage target exome sequenced as a function of depth of sequencing thresholds. (XLSX 59 kb