Finishing the euchromatic sequence of the human genome

The sequence of the human genome encodes the genetic instructions for human physiology, as well as rich information about human evolution. In 2001, the International Human Genome Sequencing Consortium reported a draft sequence of the euchromatic portion of the human genome. Since then, the international collaboration has worked to convert this draft into a genome sequence with high accuracy and nearly complete coverage. Here, we report the result of this finishing process. The current genome sequence (Build 35) contains 2.85 billion nucleotides interrupted by only 341 gaps. It covers ∼99% of the euchromatic genome and is accurate to an error rate of ∼1 event per 100,000 bases. Many of the remaining euchromatic gaps are associated with segmental duplications and will require focused work with new methods. The near-complete sequence, the first for a vertebrate, greatly improves the precision of biological analyses of the human genome including studies of gene number, birth and death. Notably, the human enome seems to encode only 20,000-25,000 protein-coding genes. The genome sequence reported here should serve as a firm foundation for biomedical research in the decades ahead

Some Thoughts on the Chronological-Developmental Configuration of Lower Central American Cultures

Un esquema cronológico-evolucional o cultural satisfactorio para Panamá, Costa Rica, Nicaragua así como para la mayor parte de Honduras y El Salvador, agrupados por el autor bajo la denominación Lower Central America, aguarda aún su elaboración. Se enfocan ciertas paralelas y diferencias entre las culturas de Mesoamérica y Lower Central America y se intenta un esquema de la situación cultural del último área. Desde el punto de vista de las formas socio-políticas consiguientes, las culturas de Lower Central America no parecen haber experimentado un desarrollo más allá del tipo de organización caciquil

A survey of methods and problems in archaeological excavation; with special reference to the Southwest

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Prehistoric settlement patterns in the Virú Valley, Perú /

Also issued as House document no. 309, 82nd Congress, 2nd sessionIncludes bibliographical references (pages 449-453)The Virú Valley : environment and inhabitants -- The prehistoric occupation of Virú -- The development of Virú settlements : a reconstruction -- Settlements and society -- The Virú Valley in Peruvian prehistory -- Appendix. Index of archeological sites in the Virú Valley -- BibliographyMode of access: Internet

Surface survey of the Virú Valleu, Peru. 1. Virú Valley; background and problems. Anthropological papers of the AMNH ; v. 43, pt. 1

89 p. illus., maps (1 fold.) 27 cm.Bibliography: p. 88-89