Kenyamanan Visual Ditinjau dari Orientasi Massa Bangunan dan Pengolahan Fasad

Kenyamanan Visual ditinjau dari Orientasi Massa Bangunan dan Pengolahan Fasad Apartemen Gateway, Bandung DWI KUSTIANINGRUM, YUDHA ARIEP MUHAMAD, MUHAMMAD RIZQIKA RAHMA, ARDI NASRUL WIJAYA, ARIFIN DWI PRAMANA Jurusan Teknik Arsitektur – Fakultas Teknik Sipil dan Perencanaan Institut Teknologi Nasional E-mail : [email protected] ABSTRAK Bangunan adalah tempat berlindung bagi manusia, selain itu bangunan juga sebagai tempat beraktifitas manusianya. Untuk itu bangunan harus memiliki faktor yang menimbulkan Kenyamanan terhadap manusia. Kenyamanan suatu bangunan dapat dikategorikan dalam Kenyamanan termal (suhu, penghawaan), visual (penglihatan) dan akustik (Kenyamanan suara). Namun Kenyamanan itu sendiri lebih bersifat subjektif karena tingkat Kenyamanan setiap individu berbeda, tergantung dengan kondisi fisik dan kondisi tempat tinggal atau lingkungan. Adapun untuk faktor Kenyamanan visualnya, dapat dilihat dari orientasi bangunan yang terbentuk akibat gubahan massa dan penerapan desain fasad bangunan. Pada kajian ini akan dibahas mengenai Kenyamanan visual di Apartemen Gateway Cicadas dengan meneliti orientasi massa bangunan dan pengolahan fasadnya dengan menggunakan metode deskriptif-analitis. Hasildari kajian terkait orientasi massa Apartemen Gatewayadalah cukup baik karena bangunan memanfaatkan orientasi matahari dan sirkulasi angin,tetapipengolahan fasadnya belum memenuhi kebutuhan standar pencahayaan alami. Kata Kunci : Kenyamanan visual, orientasi bangunan, desain fasad. ABSTRACTA Building is a shelter place for human, except that a building is place for human activity. Therefore a building has a factor who create for human comfort. A comfortable of building can be categorized in the thermal comfort (temperature, air), visualization and acoustic (sound comfort). But a words of comfortable is subjective because an individual comfort levels is different, depending on the physical conditions and dwelling a conditions or an environment. Therefore, factor of visualization comfort in terms from building orientation which that establish a mass composition and an application of the building façade design. In this study will be discussing about visual comfort in Cicadas Gateway Apartment by an examine the building mass orientation and its facade processing using a descriptive-analytic method. The result of Gateway Apartement is good enough because the building abuse a sun orientation and wind circulation, but the façade processing is not satisfy standard needed of natural lightning

Consumer Protection as Implementation Instrument Islamic Business Ethics

Changes in the pattern of trade transactions from conventional patterns to digital patterns, are caused by the development and progress of science and information technology, which in turn brings human users of these technologies to the virtual world, a new life order, there is no physical contact, but can communicate with each other and transact. As with the world of commerce, it does not escape the influence of the digitalization of transactions. Transaction digitization is an option because it affects time and cost efficiency on the one hand, on the other hand due to external factors that make physical contact with each other impossible, such as in the current Covid-19 pandemic, triggering the increasingly massive use of e-commerce as a transaction model. safe in terms of exposure to the virus, However, it is not certain that its safety for consumer protection can be ascertained. The right of consumers to obtain commodities in accordance with the agreement is often neglected, there are some untrustworthy and honest online sellers in carrying out their business activities. This research, using a legal study approach. The method used in writing this journal is a type of empirical legal research using the object of study of normative legal provisions (laws) with their implementation in every legal event that occurs in the community so that this research covers gaps in theory and practice in society, using a fact approach. (The Fact Approach) The Law on the Protection of Consumer Rights Number 8 of 1999 guarantees the fulfillment of consumer rights in a professional manner, by regulating the rights and obligations of the parties bound by the sale and purchase agreement, as well as regulating sanctions if the rights and obligations are not fulfilled. However, what occasionally happens is that the consumer's rights are not fully fulfilled, such as the absence of conformity of commodities with the contents of the agreement. Islam as a universal teaching, perfect values ​​and rules, provides guidelines so that consumers get protection, with the concept and value of transactions based on filar shidiq, amanah, fathanah and tabligh. Lack of guidance from the value system of the philosophy of commerce results in corrupt attitudes/behaviors that occur among producers and sellers, this can be avoided if business ethics based on Islamic business ethics can be understood and used as guidelines for electronic/digital transactions

An Analysis of SmBa0.5Sr0.5Co2O5+δ Double Perovskite Oxide for Intermediate–temperature Solid Oxide Fuel Cells

The main obstacle to solid oxide fuel cells (SOFCs) implementation is the high operating temperature in the range of 800–1,000 °C so that it has an impact on high costs. SOFCs work at high temperatures causing rapid breakdown between layers (anode, electrolyte, and cathode) because they have different thermal expansion. The study focused on reducing the operating temperature in the medium temperature range. SmBa0.5Sr0.5Co2O5+δ (SBSC) oxide was studied as a cathode material for IT-SOFCs based on Ce0.8Sm0.2O1.9 (SDC) electrolyte. The SBSC powder was prepared using the solid-state reaction method with repeated ball-milling and calcining. Alumina grinding balls are used because they have a high hardness to crush and smooth the powder of SOFC material. The specimens were then tested as cathode material for SOFC at intermediate temperature (600–800 °C) using X-ray powder diffraction (XRD), thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), electrochemical, and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) tests. The X-ray powder diffraction (XRD) pattern of SBSC powder can be indexed to a tetragonal space group (P4/mmm). The overall change in mass of the SBSC powder is 8 % at a temperature range of 125–800 °C. A sample of SBSC powder showed a high oxygen content (5+δ) that reached 5.92 and 5.41 at temperatures of 200 °C and 800 °C, respectively. High diffusion levels and increased surface activity of oxygen reduction reactions (ORRs) can be affected by high oxygen content (5+δ). The polarization resistance (Rp) of samples sintered at 1000 °C is 4.02 Ωcm2 at 600 °C, 1.04 Ωcm2 at 700 °C, and 0.42 Ωcm2 at 800 °C. The power density of the SBSC cathode is 336.1, 387.3, and 357.4 mW/cm2 at temperatures of 625 °C, 650 °C, and 675 °C, respectively. The SBSC demonstrates as a prospective cathode material for IT-SOF

Characteristics and outcomes of an international cohort of 600 000 hospitalized patients with COVID-19

Background: We describe demographic features, treatments and clinical outcomes in the International Severe Acute Respiratory and emerging Infection Consortium (ISARIC) COVID-19 cohort, one of the world’s largest international, standardized data sets concerning hospitalized patients. Methods: The data set analysed includes COVID-19 patients hospitalized between January 2020 and January 2022 in 52 countries. We investigated how symptoms on admission, co-morbidities, risk factors and treatments varied by age, sex and other characteristics. We used Cox regression models to investigate associations between demographics, symptoms, co-morbidities and other factors with risk of death, admission to an intensive care unit (ICU) and invasive mechanical ventilation (IMV). Results: Data were available for 689 572 patients with laboratory-confirmed (91.1%) or clinically diagnosed (8.9%) SARS-CoV-2 infection from 52 countries. Age [adjusted hazard ratio per 10 years 1.49 (95% CI 1.48, 1.49)] and male sex [1.23 (1.21, 1.24)] were associated with a higher risk of death. Rates of admission to an ICU and use of IMV increased with age up to age 60 years then dropped. Symptoms, co-morbidities and treatments varied by age and had varied associations with clinical outcomes. The case-fatality ratio varied by country partly due to differences in the clinical characteristics of recruited patients and was on average 21.5%. Conclusions: Age was the strongest determinant of risk of death, with a ~30-fold difference between the oldest and youngest groups; each of the co-morbidities included was associated with up to an almost 2-fold increase in risk. Smoking and obesity were also associated with a higher risk of death. The size of our international database and the standardized data collection method make this study a comprehensive international description of COVID-19 clinical features. Our findings may inform strategies that involve prioritization of patients hospitalized with COVID-19 who have a higher risk of death

Thrombotic and hemorrhagic complications of COVID-19 in adults hospitalized in high-income countries compared with those in adults hospitalized in low- and middle-income countries in an international registry

Background: COVID-19 has been associated with a broad range of thromboembolic, ischemic, and hemorrhagic complications (coagulopathy complications). Most studies have focused on patients with severe disease from high-income countries (HICs). Objectives: The main aims were to compare the frequency of coagulopathy complications in developing countries (low- and middle-income countries [LMICs]) with those in HICs, delineate the frequency across a range of treatment levels, and determine associations with in-hospital mortality. Methods: Adult patients enrolled in an observational, multinational registry, the International Severe Acute Respiratory and Emerging Infections COVID-19 study, between January 1, 2020, and September 15, 2021, met inclusion criteria, including admission to a hospital for laboratory-confirmed, acute COVID-19 and data on complications and survival. The advanced-treatment cohort received care, such as admission to the intensive care unit, mechanical ventilation, or inotropes or vasopressors; the basic-treatment cohort did not receive any of these interventions. Results: The study population included 495,682 patients from 52 countries, with 63% from LMICs and 85% in the basic treatment cohort. The frequency of coagulopathy complications was higher in HICs (0.76%-3.4%) than in LMICs (0.09%-1.22%). Complications were more frequent in the advanced-treatment cohort than in the basic-treatment cohort. Coagulopathy complications were associated with increased in-hospital mortality (odds ratio, 1.58; 95% CI, 1.52-1.64). The increased mortality associated with these complications was higher in LMICs (58.5%) than in HICs (35.4%). After controlling for coagulopathy complications, treatment intensity, and multiple other factors, the mortality was higher among patients in LMICs than among patients in HICs (odds ratio, 1.45; 95% CI, 1.39-1.51). Conclusion: In a large, international registry of patients hospitalized for COVID-19, coagulopathy complications were more frequent in HICs than in LMICs (developing countries). Increased mortality associated with coagulopathy complications was of a greater magnitude among patients in LMICs. Additional research is needed regarding timely diagnosis of and intervention for coagulation derangements associated with COVID-19, particularly for limited-resource settings