226 research outputs found
On preheating in alpha-attractor models of inflation
We study (p)reheating in alpha-attractor T-models of inflation, taking into
account both scalar fields present in these models: the inflaton and the
spectator. The two-field model has a negative field-space curvature which, at
the end of inflation, may lead to geometrical destabilization of the spectator
for small values of alpha<~10^(-3). We perform the instability (Floquet)
analysis of the linear dynamics and a fully non-linear lattice computations
with our numerical code, which we specifically designed for a class of
two-field models with non-canonical kinetic terms. We find that the
perturbations of the spectator field are much more unstable than the
perturbations of the inflaton field, so the dynamics of the early stages of
preheating is dominated by the evolution of the spectator perturbations. As a
result, the transition from the inflationary era to radiation domination era is
practically instantaneous and much faster than previously found in an effective
theory including only the inflaton field.Comment: extended numerical simulations, references added, matches published
versio
"Phase transition" between confrontation and dialogue in the light of the concept of the unity charism
In the twenties of the last century the process of building a new type of philosophical culture began, based on the sensitivity towards another person, the recognition of values and dignity of the person and the search for platforms of dialogue and compromise between people. However, it did not gain a broad social resonance. The 20th Century became the scene of the triumph of totalitarianisms, based on the idea of collectivism and marked by the contempt towards the individual, his rights and needs. In the post-war reality environments favouring
the humanization of the culture of coexistence earned a voice, but they too did not manage to divert the tendency towards building a bureaucratic and technocratic order. In this kind of system, the person feels reduced to his instrumental functions, and the dialogue submerged in the world of humanistic values
becomes a distant and unequalled dream. This text undertakes the problem of the conditions which must be met in order for the tendency towards dialogue and mutual respect to prevail over the hostile, confrontational approach, which characterizes many contemporary social environments
Why Should We Think Critically? Comments on the Critical Rationalism of Hans Albert
Leszek KoĆakowski draws attention to the fact that rationalism as a philosophical method and definitive certainty as the aim are mutually irreconcilable. Each rationalist philosophy must leave a margin for uncertainty, lest it transforms into dull dogmatism. This observation of the Polish thinker becomes a source of inspiration for Hans Albert. In his work Science and the Search for Truth, he agrees with KoĆakowski that goals of philosophical
endeavours need redefining and puts forward his own metaphilosophical proposal, which specifies what philosophy can and should achieve in the framework of critical realism. The author examines and evaluates Albertâs proposal, referring to another view of the nature and role of philosophy as the assessment criterionâthe one presented by JosĂ© Ortega y Gasset in his study En torno Ă Galileo [About Galileo] and other writings
Tischner as a metapolitician
JĂłzef Tischner, a Polish philosopher and a seasoned commentator on the political transformations associated with the decline of communism and the building of a new democratic order in the final decades of the twentieth century, was, and still is, a controversial figure. Some see him as a profound philosopher, others as a moral authority, while others see him as a political opponent. I discuss the question concerning where JĂłzef Tischner drew the line between political engagement sensu stricto and metapolitics, which is philosophically and programmatically grounded and neutral to the differences in world views. I inquire whether it is legitimate to attribute to Tischner political views and sympathies sometimes referred to as left-wing Christian liberalism and whether these views influenced the structure and the main theses of Tischnerâs metapolitical thought. I attempt a reconstruction of Tischnerâs position and indicate its basis in the assumptions of Christian personalism, the philosophy of dialogue, and the ethics of solidarity
Family in the Contemporary World. Catholic Social Teaching and Gender
Contemporary man confronts a dilemma. In search of his or her own identity and
a model of life in human community, an individual can choose between two attitudes which
exclude each other. The first one is shaped by the Catholic Social Teaching and is based on
a foundation of Christian anthropology. It leads to self-identification within the framework of a
double model of the human being: man and woman. Consequently, someone identified with his
or her biological sex tends toward self-fulfillment in the traditional social and cultural role. The
second attitude is based on the postmodern deconstruction of the category of sex. It leads to
a blurred vision of oneâs own sexual identity, denial of opposition and complementarity of man
and woman and rejection of traditional criteria of choosing oneâs way of life. This paper presents
the arguments of these two attitudes and the probable consequences of choices made within the
framework of both options discussed
"Behold, Now Is the Acceptable Time for a Change of Heart" : a Christian Response to the Migration Problem
The 50th anniversary of the announcement of the Pastoral Constitution on the Church in the Modern World, Gaudium et Spes , raises the questions of to what extent the global community of Catholics adopted the teachings included in Vaticanum II, and to what extent we, the Catholics of the day, are willing to follow the indications of this document in our lives. Currently, one of the most difficult challenges the international community faces, especially the people of Europe, is the problem of refugees from areas affected by war and terror caused by militants of the so-called Islamic State. Governments of different countries make political decisions dictated by both their raisons dâĂ©tat and the desire to defend particular interests of their own
citizens. In these decisions, the good of the most deprived persons, banished from their homes and deprived of their livelihood, remains a secondary issue. This state of affairs can be considered reasonably justified from the point of view of the absolute rules that govern the political game of the world, but it creates a clear discord with the Magisterium Ecclesiae, especially with the moral teaching from Gaudium et Spes. The present text is to analyze selected parts of the pastoral constitution regarding the application of its indications in light of the challenges raised by the issue of refugees
The Need of Upbringing with Values in Mind in the Post-Normative Epoch
The contemporary times are characterized by a radical withdrawal from the traditional
principles of normative ethics. The commonly encountered attitudes are axiological pluralism,
permissivism, and moral relativism. The results of research on attitudes and preferences of
young Poles indicate towards a clear advantage of interest in hedonistic and utilitarian values, as
well as a disrespectful approach to the examples of order and harmony. What is instead valued
are such moral values as honesty, honor, and helpfulness. However, we need to ask whether the
research method adequately reflects the real preferences. It is possible that the axiological disorientation
among youth has its roots in the lack of skills of a proper understanding and expression
of own intuition in the area of values. The author suggests that we should contemplate alternative
methodology, modeled and based on the Ph. Johnson-Lairdâs situation analysis
Floquet analysis of self-resonance in single-field models of inflation
We review 51 models of single-field inflation, paying special attention to
the possibility that self-resonance of the unstable inflaton perturbations
leads to reheating. We compute Floquet exponents for the models that are
consistent with current cosmological data. We find five models that exhibit a
strong instability, but only in one of them -- KKLT inflation -- the equation
of state efficiently approaches that of radiation.Comment: matches published versio
Levinas a problem metafizyki
Le projet de ces Ă©tudes sâappuie sur la conviction, que le progrĂšs essentiel de la philosophie
se fonde sur lâapproximation continue vers le fondement de toute la science concernant la rĂ©alitĂ©.
La question la plus importante de la philosophie (selon E. Coreth) câest âla question sur la
questionâ : de quoi et comment et dâoĂč il faut poser la question, pour que la rĂ©ponse ne soit que la
projection de lâintĂ©rioritĂ© de soi-mĂȘme et une construction spĂ©culative, mais quâelle soit une
ouverture autentique sur lâĂȘtre kath'auto. Alors la vraie philosophia protĂ© devrait problĂ©matiser la
mĂ©taphysique, autrement dit, ĂȘtre la mĂ©taphysique de la mĂ©taphysique.
Dans la premiĂšre partie de ce texte nous trouverons le prĂ©cis de lâhistoire du problĂšme de la
mĂ©taphysique câest-Ă -dire lâhistoire des recherches de la premiĂšre question, qui fonde la philosophie.
Lâauteur analyse le renversement cartĂ©sien et son interprĂ©tation chez E. Husserl. Puis il
sâarrĂȘte sur la ârĂ©volution copemicienneâ dâ I. Kant et sur lâessai heideggerien, qui met en relief des
idĂ©es qui considĂšrent la mĂ©taphysique comme la question sur lâhomme dans le contexte de
lâontologie fondamentale. A partir de cela, dans la deuxiĂšme partie de lâouvrage lâauteur analyse la
thĂ©orie dâEmmanuel LĂ©vinas. Cette proposition concerne la rĂ©orientation radicale de la philosophie,
afin que la rĂ©flexion sur la rĂ©alitĂ© ne soit plus la totalitĂ© de la raison universelle, mais quâelle
soit la âsagesse de lâamourâ â ce qui veut dire la sensibilitĂ© Ă lâĂ©piphanie de lâĂȘtre dans sa
dissemblance irréductible et transcendente. Le chemin de Lévinas nous fait poser des le début des
questions nouvelles. D ne veut pas percevoir lâhorizon universel de Sinngebung, ni le dĂ©voilement
hermĂ©neutique de la structure de SeinsverstĂ ndnis. Tout commence p ar une relation Ă©thique: câest
le changement profond de lâattitude que doit prĂ©cĂ©der chaque ontologie. Ce qui devrait ĂȘtre la
condition de la naissance de la relation avec lâĂȘtre kathâauto câest une attitude religieuse, qui se
caractĂ©rise par âTintentionalitĂ© de la priĂšreâ (B. Casper). Saisi p ar le dĂ©sir mĂ©taphysique, Ă©tonnĂ©
de la disproportion de lâInfini par rapport Ă ma conscience limitĂ©e, avant dâadresser des questions
mĂ©taphysiques, moi-mĂȘme dois contester mon Ă©goĂŻsme spontanĂ©.
Le sujet de la troisiĂšme partie câest la recherche de 1â expĂ©rience dâorigine qui permet le
changement dâattitude. Comme point de dĂ©part lâauteur se servira dâune conscience critique de
soi-mĂȘme dirigĂ©e vers les dĂ©buts de sa rĂ©flexion. En nous adressant Ă la mĂ©thode
phĂ©nomĂ©nologique d'Husserl lâauteur construit la mĂ©thode de la ârĂ©duction Ă©gologiqueâ, qui
Ă travers de lâanalyse de la trace nous conduit vers lâexpĂ©rience dâorigine dâune prĂ©sence apaisante
et nous fait apparaßtre le sens et la source du désir métaphysique, dés-intér-essement et autrement
quâĂȘtre afin de justifier les possibilitĂ©s du programme de la transformation mĂ©taphysique de
LĂ©vinas et en Ă©claircissant ses principes
A child is a human being now responsible parenthood in the light of Janusz Korczakâs pedagogy
The author extracts from the Humanae Vitae encylical the thread of responsible
parenthood. He asks about the situation of a child in family half a century after the publication
of the papal document. He points towards a number of threats and disruptions in the adult-child
relations, which result from an improper understanding of who a child is from the philosophical
perspective. He opts for a development of philosophical reflection on a child and enriching
it with new aspects. He reaches out for inspiration to the works by Janusz Korczak, which
present an outline of the original philosophy of a child. What deserves particular recognition is
the perception of a child as a âa project of a future man,â and not as a full-valued person who
deserves appreciation of the contemporary ontic and social status. In the conclusion the author
develops and clarifies Korczakâs controversial postulate of the âchildrenâs right to death,â giving
it a contemporary interpretation
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