Public Health Awareness and Preparedness of Covid-19: Where are we?

In this pandemic, we learned that prevention efforts are an important pillar of health problems, that the front line is the public health sector to prevent disease. Individual awareness to comply with health protocols is very important, to avoid increasing cases and causing the collapse of health services

The Cost-Effectiveness of Home Assessment and Modification to Reduce Falls in the Elderly: A Decision-Analytic Modelling Approach

A modelling exercise was conducted to assess the cost effectiveness of home assessment and modification to reduce falls in the elderly. The model was designed to simulate the costs and consequences of a fall to the elderly over a one year period. The model was developed using the results of published studies related to falls and injuries in the elderly. The intervention was assumed to reduce the fall incidence in the intervention group. The cost effectiveness of the proposed intervention was measured in terms of incremental cost per fall prevented and injury prevented. The model predicted that the home assessment and modification to reduce fall in the elderly would incur an incremental cost $17,210 for a fall-injury prevented

An economic analysis of midwifery training programmes in South Kalimantan, Indonesia.

In order to improve the knowledge and skills of midwives at health facilities and those based in villages in South Kalimantan, Indonesia, three in-service training programmes were carried out during 1995-98. A scheme used for both facility and village midwives included training at training centres, peer review and continuing education. One restricted to village midwives involved an internship programme in district hospitals. The incremental cost-effectiveness of these programmes was assessed from the standpoint of the health care provider. It was estimated that the first scheme could be expanded to increase the number of competent midwives based in facilities and villages in South Kalimantan by 1% at incremental costs of US$764.6 and US$ 1175.7 respectively, and that replication beyond South Kalimantan could increase the number of competent midwives based in facilities and villages by 1% at incremental costs of US$1225.5 and US$ 1786.4 per midwife respectively. It was also estimated that the number of competent village midwives could be increased by 1% at an incremental cost of US$898.1 per intern if replicated elsewhere, and at a cost of US$ 146.2 per intern for expanding the scheme in South Kalimantan. It was not clear whether the training programmes were more or less cost-effective than other safe motherhood interventions because the nature of the outcome measures hindered comparison

Intention to consume halal pharmaceutical products: evidence from Indonesia

Despite the importance of pharmaceutical products in everyday life, particularly after the coronavirus outbreak in early 2020, only a few studies have attempted to analyse consumer behaviour with regard to halal pharmaceutical products. Therefore, this study aims to investigate the factors influencing purchase intention for halal pharmaceutical products among Indonesian Muslims. This study uses a theory of planned behaviour approach, in which religiosity and knowledge of halal product variables are added to attitude, subjective norms and perceived behavioural control variables. Primary data were collected from 225 Indonesian Muslims in Jakarta, the capital city of Indonesia and analysed using structural equation modelling. The study found that the intention to purchase halal pharmaceutical products is positively affected by attitude, religiosity, knowledge of halal products and perceived behavioural control. However, the influence of the subjective norm variable was found to be insignificant in this study. It is possible to improve the empirical model by including more explanatory variables and investigating the mediating effect of the variables. The study could also be scaled up to reach more respondents in different regions and countries. These additional aspects would provide better insights into the behaviour of consumers when considering halal pharmaceutical products. The findings suggest the importance of designing and implementing appropriate strategies and campaigns to enhance knowledge of halal products, of positive attitudes and of better resources/opportunities to consume halal pharmaceutical products. The industry needs to highlight its products’ halal and tayyib aspects through proper branding and promotion strategies. The government and other stakeholders could also implement education campaigns to increase halal products and halal literacy knowledge. These are ultimately expected to enhance the effectiveness of halal regulations and meet Muslim consumer expectations in the country. Despite the importance of halal pharmaceutical products, this area has received limited attention in the academic literature. Thus, this study attempts to elaborate on consumer behaviour in this niche area.University of Indonesi

Urine analysis and nutrition status among elderly in Griya Werdha, Surabaya

Background. Aging is a natural process in the body that everyone will experience as they get older. However, aging is not the same in each individual due to several differences such as diet, lifestyle, genetics, and overall health. Therefore, the Surabaya city government is trying to help elderly people who do not have any caregivers by scouting and gathering them at Griya Werdha. Objective. This study aimed to provide a feeding program for the elderly and determine the risk of kidney failure experienced by the elderly living in Griya Werdha. Materials and Methods. This research was a cross-sectional study with 44 elderlies as the samples. The data collected included elderlies’ blood pressure, weight, height, and urine. Moreover, the elderly were also interviewed on food waste, exercise habits, and sleeping habits using questionnaires. Data were analyzed using binary logistic regression and the chi-square test to find the association between the variables. Results. The results showed a significant association was found between education and blood in the urine (p=0.036) and the association was not found between education and nutritional status (P=0.392) also systole blood pressure (P=0.373). Association also was not found between glucose in urine (P=0.522), positive leukocyte (0.184), positive blood in the urine (P=0.671), and the risk of CKD. Conclusions. In conclusion, the elderly with low education can be at risk for certain diseases

The Cost-Effectiveness of Home Assessment and Modification to Reduce Falls in the Elderly: A Decision-Analytic Modelling Approach

A modelling exercise was conducted to assess the cost effectiveness of home assessment and modification to reduce falls in the elderly. The model was designed to simulate the costs and consequences of a fall to the elderly over a one year period. The model was developed using the results of published studies related to falls and injuries in the elderly. The intervention was assumed to reduce the fall incidence in the intervention group. The cost effectiveness of the proposed intervention was measured in terms of incremental cost per fall prevented and injury prevented. The model predicted that the home assessment and modification to reduce fall in the elderly would incur an incremental cost $17,210 for a fall-injury prevented

Evaluation of a nurse-paramedic partnership

Peer reviewe

An economic analysis of midwifery training programmes in South Kalimantan, Indonesia

In order to improve the knowledge and skills of midwives at health facilities and those based in villages in South Kalimantan, Indonesia, three in-service training programmes were carried out during 1995-98. A scheme used for both facility and village midwives included training at training centres, peer review and continuing education. One restricted to village midwives involved an internship programme in district hospitals. The incremental cost-effectiveness of these programmes was assessed from the standpoint of the health care provider. It was estimated that the first scheme could be expanded to increase the number of competent midwives based in facilities and villages in South Kalimantan by 1% at incremental costs of US$764.6 and US$ 1175.7 respectively, and that replication beyond South Kalimantan could increase the number of competent midwives based in facilities and villages by 1% at incremental costs of US$1225.5 and US$ 1786.4 per midwife respectively. It was also estimated that the number of competent village midwives could be increased by 1% at an incremental cost of US$898.1 per intern if replicated elsewhere, and at a cost of US$ 146.2 per intern for expanding the scheme in South Kalimantan. It was not clear whether the training programmes were more or less cost-effective than other safe motherhood interventions because the nature of the outcome measures hindered comparison