Complete Genome Sequence of WM99c, an Antibiotic-Resistant Acinetobacter baumannii Global Clone 2 (GC2) Strain Representing an Australian GC2 Lineage.

The extensively antibiotic-resistant Acinetobacter baumannii isolate WM99c recovered in Sydney, Australia, in 1999 is an early representative of a distinct lineage of global clone 2 (GC2) seen on the east coast of Australia. We present the complete 4.121-Mbp genome sequence (chromosome plus 2 plasmids), generated via long-read sequencing (PacBio)

Evolution of a clade of Acinetobacter baumannii global clone 1, lineage 1 via acquisition of carbapenem- and aminoglycoside-resistance genes and dispersion of ISAba1.

Resistance to carbapenem and aminoglycoside antibiotics is a critical problem in Acinetobacter baumannii, particularly when genes conferring resistance are acquired by multiply or extensively resistant members of successful globally distributed clonal complexes, such as global clone 1 (GC1) . Here, we investigate the evolution of an expanding clade of lineage 1 of the GC1 complex via repeated acquisition of carbapenem- and aminoglycoside-resistance genes. Lineage 1 arose in the late 1970s and the Tn6168/OCL3 clade arose in the late 1990s from an ancestor that had already acquired resistance to third-generation cephalosporins and fluoroquinolones. Between 2000 and 2002, two distinct subclades have emerged, and they are distinguishable via the presence of an integrated phage genome in subclade 1 and AbaR4 (carrying the oxa23 carbapenem-resistance gene in Tn2006) at a specific chromosomal location in subclade 2. Part or all of the original resistance gene cluster in the chromosomally located AbaR3 has been lost from some isolates, but plasmids carrying alternate resistance genes have been gained. In one group in subclade 2, the chromosomally located AbGRI3, carrying the armA aminoglycoside-resistance gene, has been acquired from a GC2 isolate and incorporated via homologous recombination. ISAba1 entered the common ancestor of this clade as part of the cephalosporin-resistance transposon Tn6168 and has dispersed differently in each subclade. Members of subclade 1 share an ISAba1 in one specific position in the chromosome and in subclade 2 two different ISAba1 locations are shared. Further shared ISAba1 locations distinguish further divisions, potentially providing simple markers for epidemiological studies

Exile Vol. XXIX No. 2

Photo by John Taylor 2 Poem by Ezra Pound 3 Photo by James Lundy 4 Balanced Budget by August West 5 The Lighter by John Zarchen 6-7 Photo by Theodore Granberg 8 Uptown by Christopher B. Brougham 9 Photo by Jeff Russell 9 Heartstrings by Pete Waters 10 Spell by Eric Stevenson 10 Mums by Mandy Wilson 10 A New Day by Chad Hussey 11 Photo by Chad Hussey 12 Solitare by Gordon Black 13-14 Photo by James Lundy 15 A Grave Day-Dream by John Zarchen 16 Photo by James Lundy 17 Photo by Pauela Theodotou 18 Reconciliation by R. T. Hayashi 19 Michigan Rt. 37 by Ruth Wick 20 Shenango Valley by August West 20 Photo by James Lundy 21 Drawing by Adrienne Wehr 22 Ultraviolet Blues by Kathy Shelton 23 New Orleans & The Silky Black Seams Of My Stockings by Kate Reynolds 23 Refraction by Pam Houston 23-31 Photo by James Lundy 32 A Midsummer Night\u27s... by R. T. Hayashi 33 Couch sleeping by Eric Stevenson 33 Before We Could Build by Kim Kiefer 34 Photo by Chad Hussey 35 The Legend Of The Bear Mother by Amy Pence 36 Photo by James Lundy 37 Cover Drawing by Peter Brooke -title pag

Exile Vol. XXIX No. 1

Once by Kate Silliman 1 Mute by Robert Youngblood 1 Photo by Walter Gunn 2 Cactus Man by Bruce Pedretti 3 From Years On Nauset Beach by 4 Lazy Days of The Matter That Fills You With Guild (And Ecstacy) by Eric Stevenson 5 Tennessee Friday by Becky Hinshaw 6 Photo by Jenny Gardner 7 Street Opera by Bill Hayes 7 Antonia by Ruth Wick 8 Photo by Sheila Waters 9 Tunnel Vision by Jeff Reynold 10 Mrs. Matthews by Kate Reynolds 10 A White Mountain by Ruth Wick 11 The Last Days Of Oliver Descantes by Jeff Hamilton 12-23 Photo by Christopher Hooper 24 Baptism by Becky Hinshaw 25 Sunday Afternoon by August West 26 The Joke\u27s On by Christopher B. Broughm 26 Photo by Mark Baganz 27 Blues by Dave Rheingold 28 Speaking To You Through Derision by Jeff Hamilton 29 Photo by Jenny Gardner 30 Northern Lights by Adrienne Wehr 31 Tripping On The Yawn Of Tomorrow by Kate Reynolds 32 Cleo by Kim Kiefer 33 Kuei Mei by Amy Pence 34 Drawing by Peter Brooke 35 Cover Drawing by Peter Brooke -title pag

Exile Vol. XXVIII No. 1

Group Poems From Sake Circle / Monologue. Polylogue. Mollylogue. (or: A musing of young writer as a poor man. Hee hee hee.) by Chris Brougham Untitled Prose by Chris Paul In A Room by Robert F. Youngblood The Escape by Anne Gilson Untitled Poem by Becky Hinshaw A Cruel Hand by Chad Hussey Shaking Heads in Copley Square by Gregory MacDonald The Coming Age by Lynn Greene Seduction by Jacqueline Ondy Pointless Polarities by Ruth Wick The Ladies From The Fairmont Unitarian Church Poverty Relief Fund by Sharon S. McCartney Confessions of a Book Burner by Andy Acker The Congress of the Gods by Tage Danielsson (translated by Ari Kokko) Marble Bags by Mike Augusta Monsters by Sharon S. McCartney Unction by Bruce Leonard Dust of Allah by Andy Acker Buffalo Mountain by Sharon S. McCartney One Marriage by Becky Hinshaw Experience by Barry Pailet The Wings by Leonora Cravotta The Tale of Frankenstein\u27s Average by Tage Danielsson (translated by Ari Kokko) Want by Roger Butler / Cornpoem by Mike Augusta Cover Drawing By Peter Brook