Combustion products generating and metering device

Device simulates incipient fire conditions in closely-controlled adjustable manner, to give predetermined degree of intensity at selected locations throughout area, and to verify that detection system will respond. Device can be used with and for cross calibration and experimentation in conjunction with commercially available products of combustion analyzing meters

Combustion products generating and metering device

An apparatus for generating combustion products at a predetermined fixed rate, mixing the combustion products with air to achieve a given concentration, and distributing the resultant mixture to an area or device to be tested is described. The apparatus is comprised of blowers, a holder for the combustion product generating materials (which burn at a predictable and controlled rate), a mixing plenum chamber, and a means for distributing the air combustion product mixture

Analysis of SPDEs Arising in Path Sampling Part I: The Gaussian Case

In many applications it is important to be able to sample paths of SDEs conditional on observations of various kinds. This paper studies SPDEs which solve such sampling problems. The SPDE may be viewed as an infinite dimensional analogue of the Langevin SDE used in finite dimensional sampling. Here the theory is developed for conditioned Gaussian processes for which the resulting SPDE is linear. Applications include the Kalman-Bucy filter/smoother. A companion paper studies the nonlinear case, building on the linear analysis provided here

Pragmatizing the Normative Artifact: Design Science Research in Scandinavia and Beyond

In this panel report, we analyze the discussion that unfolded during the “Design Science Research: A Scandinavian Approach?” panel held at the third Scandinavian Conference on Information Systems in Sigtuna, Sweden, in August, 2012. The second author of this paper chaired the panel, which also included Tone Bratteteig, Shirley Gregor, Ola Henfridsson, Alan Hevner, Jan Pries-Heje, and Tuure Tuunanen as panelists. Three themes that highlight how the design of artifacts contributes to knowledge production emerged during the panel. The first theme addresses our responsibility, as a research community, to come up not only with descriptions of the world but also to try to change things into preferable states. The second theme emphasizes that knowledge production also happens through the design of artifacts. The third theme identifies an apparent pragmatic turn in our discipline

Design strategies for low embodied energy and greenhouse gases in buildings: analyses of the IEA Annex 57 case studies

This paper introduces the IEA Annex 57 case study method, consisting of a format for describing individual case studies and an evaluation matrix covering all case studies. Sample case studies are used to illustrate the method and the evaluation matrix through a first preliminary analysis. In compiling and evaluation existing, transparent case studies we have taken a stakeholder perspective. By so doing it is intended to identify fordecision makers the key issues affecting EE/EC in buildings. Analysis in this paper focuses on one of the six case study themes, building design strategies for EE/EC mitigation and references cases covering e.g. material selection, building shape, construction stage strategies and strategies to handle the trade-off between embodied and operational impacts in net-zero emission building design

Effects of Altered Stock Assessment Frequency on the Management of a Large Coastal Shark

Stock assessments are particularly resource-intensive processes. Demand for assessments typically exceeds capacity, stimulating interest in reducing stock assessment frequency for suitable species. Species with slow population growth rates, low economic importance, and low recruitment variability, like coastal sharks in the USA, have been identified as appropriate candidates for long-interim assessment periods. We conducted a Stock Synthesis–based management strategy evaluation with a threshold harvest rate control rule within the southeastern USA to assess the impact of stock assessment frequency for the slow-growing Sandbar Shark Carcharhinus plumbeus. Stock assessments for the Sandbar Shark in the southeastern USA have been conducted or updated every 4–6 years since 1998. The Sandbar Shark proved to be a particularly good candidate species for reduced assessment frequency, as noted by unaffected management procedure performance across interim periods of 1, 5, and 10 years. Management objectives, including probability of stock recovery, relative biomass level, cumulative U.S. commercial catch, and probability of overfishing, were minimally adversely impacted with interim periods equal to 15 years. Based on our findings, assessment frequency for large coastal shark species could reasonably be reduced in the future to once every 10 or more years without compromising management success

Hydrogen bonding in infinite hydrogen fluoride and hydrogen chloride chains

Hydrogen bonding in infinite HF and HCl bent (zigzag) chains is studied using the ab initio coupled-cluster singles and doubles (CCSD) correlation method. The correlation contribution to the binding energy is decomposed in terms of nonadditive many-body interactions between the monomers in the chains, the so-called energy increments. Van der Waals constants for the two-body dispersion interaction between distant monomers in the infinite chains are extracted from this decomposition. They allow a partitioning of the correlation contribution to the binding energy into short- and long-range terms. This finding affords a significant reduction in the computational effort of ab initio calculations for solids as only the short-range part requires a sophisticated treatment whereas the long-range part can be summed immediately to infinite distances.Comment: 9 pages, 4 figures, 3 tables, RevTeX4, corrected typo