59 research outputs found
[Epidemiology of oral cavity cancers in France].
INTRODUCTION: We had for objective to describe the updated epidemiology of oral cancers in France. MATERIAL AND METHODS: Estimates made from data collected from various French cancer institutions. The distribution by topography, histology, regions, mean age, and specific incidence rates were calculated from the collected data. The survival data was taken from the Francim network studies. RESULTS: Approximately 7000 oral cavity cancers were diagnosed in France in 2005. In 2007, 1746 people died of that cancer. Standardized (world population) incidence rates are respectively, in men and women, 12.3 and 3.0 cases per 100,000 person-years. These cancers have significantly decreased in men: the standardized incidence rate decreased by 43.2% between 1980 and 2005. Among women, the trend is reversed with an increased incidence of 51.7% over the same period. CONCLUSION: In France, the incidence of oral cavity cancers has been strongly decreasing in men and strongly increasing in women. This trend should be compared to the frequency of the main risk factors: alcohol and tobacco
Prospective comparative study of spiral computer tomography and magnetic resonance imaging for detection of hepatocellular carcinoma
BACKGROUND: Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is often detected at a
relatively late stage when tumour size prohibits curative surgery.
Screening to detect HCC at an early stage is performed for patients at
risk. AIM: The aim of this study was to compare prospectively the
diagnostic accuracy and classification for management of the two state of
the art secondline imaging techniques: triphasic spiral computer
tomography (CT) and super paramagnetic iron oxide (SPIO) enhanced magnetic
resonance imaging (MRI). PATIENTS: Sixty one patients were evaluated
between January 1996 and January 1998. Patients underwent CT and MRI
within a mean interval of 6.75 days. METHODS: CT and MRI were evaluated
blindly for the presence and number of lesions, characterisation of these
lesions, and classification for management. For comparison of the data on
characterisation, the CT and MRI findings were compared with
histopathological studies of the surgical specimens and/or follow up
imaging. Data of patients not lost to follow up were available to January
2001. RESULTS: SPIO enhanced MRI detected more lesions and overall smaller
lesions than triphasic spiral CT (number of lesions 189 v 124; median
diameter 1.0 v 1.8 cm; Spearman rank's correlation coefficient 0.63,
p<0.001). There was no significant difference in accuracy between CT and
MRI for lesion characterisation. The agreement in classification for
management was very good (weighted kappa 0.91, 95% CI 0.83-0.99).
CONCLUSION: SPIO enhanced MRI detects more and smaller lesions, but both
techniques are comparable in terms of classification for management. SPIO
enhanced MRI may be preferred as there is no exposure to ionising
radiation
Multi-Omics Analysis Reveals MicroRNAs Associated With Cardiometabolic Traits
MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are non-coding RNA molecules that regulate gene expression. Extensive research has explored the role of miRNAs in the risk for type 2 diabetes (T2D) and
Optimal screening for increased risk for adverse outcomes in hospitalised older adults
Background: screening for frailty might help to prevent adverse outcomes in hospitalised older adults.
Objective: to identify the most predictive and efficient screening tool for frailty.
Design and setting: two consecutive observational prospective cohorts in four hospitals in the Netherlands.
Subjects: patients aged ≥70 years, electively or acutely hospitalised for ≥2 days.
Methods: screening instruments included in the Dutch Safety Management Programme [VeiligheidsManagementSysteem (VMS)]
on four geriatric domains (ADL, falls, undernutrition and delirium) were used and the Identification of Seniors At Risk, the
6-item Cognitive Impairment Test and the Mini-Mental State Examination were assessed. Three months later, adverse
outcomes including functional decline, high-healthcare demand or death were determined. Correlation and regression tree
analyses were performed and predictive capacities were assessed.
Results: follow-up data were available of 883 patients. All screening instruments were similarly predictive for adverse outcome
( predictive power 0.58–0.66), but the percentage of positively screened patients (13–72%), sensitivity (24–89%) and specificity
(35–91%) highly differed. The strongest predictive model for frailty was scoring positive on ≥3 VMS domains if aged 70–80
years; or being aged ≥80 years and scoring positive on ≥1 VMS domains. This tool classified 34% of the patients as frail with
a sensitivity of 68% and a specificity of 74%. Comparable results were found in the validation cohort.
Conclusions: the VMS-tool plus age (VMS+
) offers an efficient instrument to identify frail hospitalised older adults at risk for
adverse outcome. In clinical practice, it is important to weigh costs and benefits of screening given the rather low-predictive
power of screening instruments
Cortical phase changes measured using 7-T MRI in subjects with subjective cognitive impairment, and their association with cognitive function
FSW - Self-regulation models for health behavior and psychopathology - ou
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