Spin-dependent Quantum Interference in Single-Wall Carbon Nanotubes with Ferromagnetic Contacts

We report the experimental observation of spin-induced magnetoresistance in single-wall carbon nanotubes contacted with high-transparency ferromagnetic electrodes. In the linear regime the spin-induced magnetoresistance oscillates with gate voltage in quantitative agreement with calculations based on a Landauer-Buttiker model for independent electrons. Consistent with this interpretation, we find evidence for bias-induced oscillation in the spin-induced magnetoresistance signal on the scale of the level spacing in the nanotube. At higher bias, the spin-induced magnetoresistance disappears because of a sharp decrease in the effective spin-polarization injected from the ferromagnetic electrodes.Comment: Replaced with published versio

Neutrality and the Dutch Objection Procedure

In the Netherlands, if someone disagrees with an administrative order, he is only allowed to seek redress with the administrative courts after he has lodged an objection with the administrative authority responsible for the order. The objection procedure entails that an administrative body reconsiders its own decision. In this contribution we study the preference of objectors concerning the organization of the procedure and to what extent their preference is related to the perceived (lack of) neutrality of the person who conducted their hearing. In particular we focus on the effects of the use of neutral ‘outsiders’ when conducting hearings. Based on the literature we assumed that the use of outsiders would benefit the experienced impartiality of the person(s) conducting the hearing. The results of two discussed studies however do not support this assumption. The formal status of the persons conducting the hearing is a poor predictor of the extent to which they are perceived as neutral by participants of the procedure

Burial Recording Mines: a valid technique to study bedform migration and storm impact above the sea-floor

Initially, Burial Recording Mines (BRMs) were used to understand the sea mine burial. It was a technique predominantly related to military purpose. The first experiment was made 1974. Now a day, it is used as a valid tool for marine science. This methodology gives the rare opportunity to observe and analyze the processes acting on the seafloor directly, making the estimation closer to the reality. During MARIDIV, we present the results of 3 months experiment using burial recording mines. The experiment was performed between September 2008 and January 2009. The Wandelaar region on the Belgian Continental Shelf was chosen as suitable test area. 10,000 measurements of the sediment height around the cylindrical object were recorded, each one of those every 15 minutes. The dataset collected, together with sediment characterization and hydrological and meteorological information, allowed the understanding of the bedform migration. During the experiment, 2 storms passed the test area, in October and November 2008. Using Burial Recording Mines gave the rare opportunity to observe and analyze the storm impact directly on the sea-floor. Processes during and after the second storm will be revealed

A wind-driven snow redistribution module for Alpine3D v3.3.0: adaptations designed for downscaling ice sheet surface mass balance

Ice sheet surface mass balance describes the net snow accumulation at the ice sheet surface. On the Antarctic ice sheet, winds redistribute snow, resulting in a surface mass balance that is variable in both space and time. Representing wind-driven snow redistribution processes in models is critical for local assessments of surface mass balance, repeat altimetry studies, and interpretation of ice core accumulation records. To this end, we have adapted Alpine3D, an existing distributed snow modeling framework, to downscale Antarctic surface mass balance to horizontal resolutions up to 1 km. In particular, we have introduced a new two-dimensional advection-based wind-driven snow redistribution module that is driven by an offline coupling between WindNinja, a wind downscaling model, and Alpine3D. We then show that large accumulation variability can be at least partially explained by terrain-induced wind speed variations which subsequently redistribute snow around rolling topography. By comparing Alpine3D to airborne-derived snow accumulation measurements within a testing domain over Pine Island Glacier in West Antarctica, we demonstrate that our Alpine3D downscaling approach improves surface mass balance estimates when compared to the Modern-Era Retrospective analysis for Research and Applications, Version 2 (MERRA-2), a global atmospheric reanalysis which we use as atmospheric forcing. In particular, when compared to MERRA-2, Alpine3D reduces simulated surface mass balance root mean squared error by 23.4 mmw.e.yr-1 (13 %) and increases variance explained by 24 %. Despite these improvements, our results demonstrate that considerable uncertainty stems from the employed saltation model, confounding simulations of surface mass balance variability.</p

A Sarcoma at the Site of Previous Extravasation of Adriamycin

We report the case of a 66-year-old man presenting with a high-grade pleomorphic sarcoma at the left elbow 16 years after the extravasation of adriamycin given for a malignant ifbrous histiocytoma of the tibia.We suggest that this sarcoma originated in a multistep way over many years, out of the chronic inflammatory tissue that developed due to a non-specific cellular damage at the nuclear level, interfering with normal cell replication necessary for normal healing tissue healing. As a result, the non-healed chronic inflammatory tissue transformed over several years into a preneoplastic mesenchymal tumour and later into a high-grade pleomorphic sarcoma

Model simulations of the modulating effect of the snow cover in a rain-on-snow event

In October 2011, the Swiss Alps underwent a marked rain-on-snow (ROS) event when a large snowfall on 8 and 9 October was followed by intense rain on 10 October. This resulted in severe flooding in some parts of Switzerland. Model simulations were carried out for 14 meteorological stations in two affected regions of the Swiss Alps using the detailed physics-based snowpack model SNOWPACK. We also conducted an ensemble sensitivity study, in which repeated simulations for a specific station were done with meteorological forcing and rainfall from other stations. This allowed the quantification of the contribution of rainfall, snow melt and liquid water storage on generating snowpack runoff. In the simulations, the snowpack produced runoff about 4-6 h after rainfall started, and total snowpack runoff became higher than total rainfall after about 11-13 h. These values appeared to be strongly dependent on snow depth, rainfall and melt rates. Deeper snow covers had more storage potential and could absorb all rain and meltwater in the first hours, whereas the snowpack runoff from shallow snow covers reacts much more quickly. However, the simulated snowpack runoff rates exceeded the rainfall intensities in both snow depth classes. In addition to snow melt, the water released due to the reduction of liquid water storage contributed to excess snowpack runoff. This effect appears to be stronger for deeper snow covers and likely results from structural changes to the snowpack due to settling and wet snow metamorphism. These results are specifically valid for the point scale simulations performed in this study and for ROS events on relatively fresh snow