1,957 research outputs found
Moral Markets and the Problematic Proprietor: How Neoliberal Values Shape Lottery Debates in Nevada
All but seven states have legalized lotteries since New Hampshire ushered in the modern lottery era in 1964. Although casino gaming has been permitted since 1931, Nevada has rejected multiple legislative proposals amend the State Constitution and create a state-run lottery. This paper theorizes the lottery’s absence in Nevada, focusing in particular on the role of the state. Lotteries are distinct from other forms of gaming because states act simultaneously as the operation’s regulator and proprietor. In this case, Nevada’s lottery legalization debates over the last half century reflect the profound moral valence of markets. The state as a potential gaming proprietor is framed as a problematic actor that will distort the gaming market, specifically by competing unfairly at the expense of casino operators
The Sociology of Gambling Expansion: The Big Game: Dynamics of State Lottery Legalization
Wetzel is an Assistant Professor of Sociology at Stonehill College. His project looks at how issues of race, class, and gender have shaped debates over gaming legalization since the 1930s. His talk examines how casino proprietors, civic organizations, and elected officials in Nevada have framed subsequent efforts to establish pari-mutuel wagering and a state lottery
Modeling the Lower Chesapeake Bay Littoral Zone & Fringing Wetlands: Ecosystem Processes and Habitat Linkages III: Model Scenarios Related to Water Quality and Submersed Vegetation
Modeling the Lower Chesapeake Bay Littoral Zone & Fringing Wetlands: Modeling the Lower Chesapeake Bay Littoral Zone & Fringing Wetlands: Ecosystem Processes and Habitat Linkages.II. Model Sensitivity Analysis, Validation, and Estimates of Ecosystem Processes
Modeling the Lower Chesapeake Bay Littoral Zone & Fringing Wetlands:Ecosystem Processes and Habitat Linkages.I. Simulation Model Development and Description
Inflammatory Myofibroblastic Tumor: A Case Study
AbstractInflammatory myofibroblastic tumor (IMT) is a rare benign lesion found in many locations throughout the body and genitourinary tract. Endoscopically and radiographically, these solid lesions cannot be distinguished from malignant bladder tumors. We present the case of a 21-year-old woman who presented with painful obstructive and irritative voiding symptoms of short duration. After extensive preoperative evaluation failed to reveal a definitive diagnosis, the patient underwent partial cystectomy. Final pathology revealed IMT. A high index of suspicion is required for diagnosis of IMT as it is often difficult to distinguish from its malignant counterparts
How To Model Supernovae in Simulations of Star and Galaxy Formation
We study the implementation of mechanical feedback from supernovae (SNe) and
stellar mass loss in galaxy simulations, within the Feedback In Realistic
Environments (FIRE) project. We present the FIRE-2 algorithm for coupling
mechanical feedback, which can be applied to any hydrodynamics method (e.g.
fixed-grid, moving-mesh, and mesh-less methods), and black hole as well as
stellar feedback. This algorithm ensures manifest conservation of mass, energy,
and momentum, and avoids imprinting 'preferred directions' on the ejecta. We
show that it is critical to incorporate both momentum and thermal energy of
mechanical ejecta in a self-consistent manner, accounting for SNe cooling radii
when they are not resolved. Using idealized simulations of single SN
explosions, we show that the FIRE-2 algorithm, independent of resolution,
reproduces converged solutions in both energy and momentum. In contrast, common
'fully-thermal' (energy-dump) or 'fully-kinetic' (particle-kicking) schemes in
the literature depend strongly on resolution: when applied at mass resolution
>100 solar masses, they diverge by orders-of-magnitude from the converged
solution. In galaxy-formation simulations, this divergence leads to
orders-of-magnitude differences in galaxy properties, unless those models are
adjusted in a resolution-dependent way. We show that all models that
individually time-resolve SNe converge to the FIRE-2 solution at sufficiently
high resolution. However, in both idealized single-SN simulations and
cosmological galaxy-formation simulations, the FIRE-2 algorithm converges much
faster than other sub-grid models without re-tuning parameters.Comment: 18 pages, 9 figures (+8 pages, 6 figures in appendices). MNRAS
(updated to match published version
Simulating galaxies in the reionization era with FIRE-2: morphologies and sizes
We study the morphologies and sizes of galaxies at z>5 using high-resolution
cosmological zoom-in simulations from the Feedback In Realistic Environments
project. The galaxies show a variety of morphologies, from compact to clumpy to
irregular. The simulated galaxies have more extended morphologies and larger
sizes when measured using rest-frame optical B-band light than rest-frame UV
light; sizes measured from stellar mass surface density are even larger. The UV
morphologies are usually dominated by several small, bright young stellar
clumps that are not always associated with significant stellar mass. The B-band
light traces stellar mass better than the UV, but it can also be biased by the
bright clumps. At all redshifts, galaxy size correlates with stellar
mass/luminosity with large scatter. The half-light radii range from 0.01 to 0.2
arcsec (0.05-1 kpc physical) at fixed magnitude. At z>5, the size of galaxies
at fixed stellar mass/luminosity evolves as (1+z)^{-m}, with m~1-2. For
galaxies less massive than M_star~10^8 M_sun, the ratio of the half-mass radius
to the halo virial radius is ~10% and does not evolve significantly at z=5-10;
this ratio is typically 1-5% for more massive galaxies. A galaxy's "observed"
size decreases dramatically at shallower surface brightness limits. This effect
may account for the extremely small sizes of z>5 galaxies measured in the
Hubble Frontier Fields. We provide predictions for the cumulative light
distribution as a function of surface brightness for typical galaxies at z=6.Comment: 11 pages, 11 figures, resubmitted to MNRAS after revision for
referee's comment
Formation of Globular Cluster Candidates in Merging Proto-galaxies at High Redshift: A View from the FIRE Cosmological Simulations
Using a state-of-the-art cosmological simulation of merging proto-galaxies at
high redshift from the FIRE project, with explicit treatments of star formation
and stellar feedback in the interstellar medium, we investigate the formation
of star clusters and examine one of the formation hypothesis of present-day
metal-poor globular clusters. We find that frequent mergers in high-redshift
proto-galaxies could provide a fertile environment to produce long-lasting
bound star clusters. The violent merger event disturbs the gravitational
potential and pushes a large gas mass of ~> 1e5-6 Msun collectively to high
density, at which point it rapidly turns into stars before stellar feedback can
stop star formation. The high dynamic range of the reported simulation is
critical in realizing such dense star-forming clouds with a small dynamical
timescale, t_ff <~ 3 Myr, shorter than most stellar feedback timescales. Our
simulation then allows us to trace how clusters could become virialized and
tightly-bound to survive for up to ~420 Myr till the end of the simulation.
Because the cluster's tightly-bound core was formed in one short burst, and the
nearby older stars originally grouped with the cluster tend to be
preferentially removed, at the end of the simulation the cluster has a small
age spread.Comment: 14 pages, 14 figures, Accepted for publication in the Monthly Notices
of the Royal Astronomical Society, High-resolution version of this article
also available at http://www.jihoonkim.org/index/research.html#g
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