Methyl 1-{4-[(S)-2-(meth­oxy­carbon­yl)pyrrolidin-1-yl]-3,6-dioxocyclo­hexa-1,4-dien-1-yl}pyrrolidine-2-carboxyl­ate

The complete mol­ecule of the title diproline ester quinone, C18H22N2O6, is generated by a crystallographic twofold axis, which passes through the centre of the benzene ring. Both –CO2Me groups are orientated to the same side of the benzene ring, with the carbonyl groups pointing roughly towards each other. The conformation of the proline residue is an envelope. In the crystal, a three-dimensional network is sustained by C—H⋯O inter­actions involving both the quinone and carbonyl O atoms

fac-(2-Amido­ethyl-κ2 C 1,O)trichlorido(urea-κO)tin(IV)

The Sn atom in the title compound, [Sn(C3H6NO)Cl3(CH4N2O)], is octa­hedrally coordinated within a CCl3NO donor set provided by a chelating amido­ethyl ligand (C and O), a urea-O atom and three facially arranged Cl atoms. Systematic variations in the Sn—Cl bond distances are correlated with the relative trans influence exerted by the C and carbonyl-O atoms. The three-dimensional crystal packing is stabilized by N—H⋯O and N—H⋯Cl hydrogen bonds

3,5-Dimethyl-1-(4-nitro­phen­yl)-1H-pyrazole

In the title pyrazole derivative, C11H11N3O2, the benzene ring is twisted [dihedral angle = 31.38 (12)°] with respect to the pyrazole ring (r.m.s. deviation = 0.009 Å). The nitro group is effectively coplanar with the benzene ring to which it is attached [O—N—C—C torsion angle = −6.5 (3)°]. Supra­molecular chains along the b axis are formed owing to π–π inter­actions [3.8653 (2) Å] between translationally related mol­ecules involving both the five- and six-membered rings

Pushing the Frontiers of Biodiversity Research: Unveiling the Global Diversity, Distribution, and Conservation of Fungi

Fungi comprise approximately 20% of all eukaryotic species and are connected to virtually all life forms on Earth. Yet, their diversity remains contentious, their distribution elusive, and their conservation neglected. We aim to flip this situation by synthesizing current knowledge. We present a revised estimate of 2–3 million fungal species with a “best estimate” at 2.5 million. To name the unknown >90% of these by the end of this century, we propose recognition of species known only from DNA data and call for large-scale sampling campaigns. We present an updated global map of fungal richness, highlighting tropical and temperate ecoregions of high diversity. We call for further Red List assessments and enhanced management guidelines to aid fungal conservation. Given that fungi play an inseparable role in our lives and in all ecosystems, and considering the fascinating questions remaining to be answered, we argue that fungi constitute the next frontier of biodiversity research

(2-Carbamoylethyl-κ2 C 1,O)triiodidotin(IV)

Two independent but virtually identical mol­ecules comprise the asymmetric unit of the title compound, [Sn(C3H6NO)I3]. The CI3O coordination geometry around the SnIV atom is defined by a chelating carbamoylethyl ligand (C 1,O-bidentate) and three I atoms, and is based on a distorted trigonal bipyramid with the carbonyl O atom occupying a position trans to one of the I atoms which forms the longer of the Sn—I bonds. The independent mol­ecules are linked via N—H⋯O hydrogen bonds, which leads to the formation on an eight-membered amide {⋯HNCO}2 synthon. N—H⋯I hydrogen-bonding inter­actions are also present between neighbouring mol­ecules

2-{1-[2,8-Bis(trifluoro­meth­yl)quinolin-4-yl]-3,5,6,7,8,8a-hexa­hydro-1H-1,3-oxazolo[3,4-a]pyridin-3-yl}phenol

In the title mefloquine–oxazolidine derivative, C24H20F6N2O2, the oxazoline ring adopts an envelope conformation (the flap atom is N) and the piperidine ring has a chair conformation. The oxazoline and benzene residues lie away from the C6 ring of the quinoline group and, to a first approximation, to one side of the plane through the ten atoms (r.m.s. deviation = 0.025 Å). An intra­molecular O—H⋯N(piperidine) hydrogen bond is present. The crystal packing features C—H⋯O, C—H⋯F and C—H⋯π(hy­droxy­benzene) inter­actions

(R*,S*)-(±)-1-(2-{[2,8-Bis(trifluoromethyl)quinolin-4-yl](hydroxy)methyl}piperidin-1-yl)ethanone methanol monosolvate

The title mefloquine derivative has been crystallized as its 1:1 methanol solvate, C19H18F6N2O2·CH3OH. Each of the meth­ine­hydroxyl residue [the C—C—C—O torsion angle is −16.35 (17) °] and the piperidinyl group [distorted chair conformation] lies to one side of the quinolinyl ring system. The hydroxyl and carbonyl groups lie to either side of the mol­ecule, enabling their participation in inter­molecular inter­actions. Thus, the hydroxyl and carbonyl groups of two centrosymmetrically related mol­ecules are bridged by two methanol mol­ecules via O—H⋯O hydrogen bonds, leading to a four-mol­ecule aggregate. These are linked into a supra­molecular chain along the a axis via C—H⋯O inter­actions involving the hydroxyl-O atom. The chains assemble into layers that inter­digitate along the c axis being connected by C—H⋯F inter­actions

(2S,3R)-tert-Butyl N-[4-(N-benzyl-4-fluoro­benzene­sulfonamido)-3-hy­droxy-1-phenyl­butan-2-yl]carbamate

In the title mol­ecule, C28H33FN2O5S, the mean plane about the tertiary amine group (sum of the angles subtended at the sp 2-hybridized N atom = 359.7°) forms a dihedral angle of 16.66 (6)° with the phenyl ring adjacent to the carbamate group. The sulfonamide benzene ring and the hy­droxy group lie to either side of the C2NS plane, whereas the benzyl­phenyl (connected to the N atom) and carbamate substituents lie to the other side. Supra­molecular layers propagating in the ac plane are found in the crystal, linked by hy­droxy–sulfonamide O—H⋯O and carbamate–carbamate N—H⋯O hydrogen bonds along with C—H⋯O and C—H⋯π inter­actions

Benzyl N-{(1S)-2-hy­droxy-1-[N′-(2-nitro­benzyl­idene)hydrazinylcarbon­yl]eth­yl}carbamate

The carbamate and hydrazone groups in the title compound, C18H18N4O6, are approximately orthogonal [dihedral angle = 83.3 (4)°], and the carbonyl groups are effectively anti [O=C⋯C=O torsion angle = −116.2 (7)°]. The conformation about the imine bond [1.295 (11) Å] is E. The crystal packing is dominated by O—H⋯O and N—H⋯O hydrogen bonding, which leads to two-dimensional arrays in the ab plane

tert-Butyl N-((1S)-2-hy­droxy-1-{N′-[(1E)-4-meth­oxy­benzyl­idene]hydrazinecarbon­yl}eth­yl)carbamate

The mol­ecule of the title compound, C16H23N3O5, is twisted about the chiral C atom, the dihedral angle formed between the amide residues being 79.6 (3)°. The conformation about the imine bond [1.278 (5) Å] is E. In the crystal, O—H⋯O and N—H⋯O hydrogen bonding between the hy­droxy, amine and carbonyl groups leads to the formation of supra­molecular layers, which stack along the c-axis direction