66 research outputs found
Whey protein aerated gels as a new product obtained using ambient temperature magnesium and iron(II) induced gelation
The objective of the research was to obtain aerated gels by magnesium and iron(II) ion induced gelation of preheated whey protein isolate dispersions. Preliminary research allowed finding conditions of the pH, protein, and ion concentrations to produce aerated gels capable of holding air bubbles. A novel method applying gelation and aeration process simultaneously was used. Aeration using a laboratory mixer at 2000 r.p.m. produced stronger aerated gels than using a homogenizer at 8000 r.p.m. The gelation process was monitored using an ultrasound viscometer and a constant increase of dynamic viscosity was noted. A different aerated gel microstructure was observed for magnesium and iron(II) induced gels, which probably resulted in differences in the texture and viscosity, as well. The aeration process decreased hardness. In some cases texture parameters correlated with the viscosity measured using an ultrasound viscometer. Aerated whey protein gels could be applied as matrices for food applications or to controlled release of active ingredients
Long-Term Cultured Hairy Roots of Chicory—A Rich Source of Hydroxycinnamates and 8-Deoxylactucin Glucoside
The first genotype determination of Acanthamoeba potential threat to human health, isolated from natural water reservoirs in Poland
Dependence of the technical conditions of the TPC system defined by diagnostic parameters and exhaust gas emimssion exampled by "Polonez" vehicle
W systemie eksploatacji pojazdów bardzo istotnym celem diagnostyki technicznej jest wypracowanie metod, a także skutecznych i pewnych procedur badawczych określających stan techniczny silnika. Aktualnie silniki spalinowe są diagnozowane z wykorzystaniem czasochłonnych pomiarów diagnostycznych lub testów diagnostycznych. Zasadniczą wadą stosowanych testerów w diagnostyce silnika jest stwierdzenie, czy pojazd jest sprawny lub niesprawny, a nie ocena stanu technicznego. Należy podkreślić, że bardzo pojemny nośnik informacji, jakim jest skład spalin i zadymienie, nie jest wykorzystywany do oceny zużycia silnika. Publikacje spotykane w literaturze, krajowej i zagranicznej nie ujmują zagadnienia składu spalin w kontekście oceny stanu technicznego, a skupiają się głównie na ocenie poziomu emisji spalin jako czynnika skażenia środowiska. Stąd celem prezentowanej pracy jest określenie wpływu stanu technicznego na emisję spalin.A very important goal of technical diagnostics is working out method and procedures for the verification of the technical state an engine. Some diagnostic tests or measurements, which require a very long time are now used to diagnose combustion engines. Such study gives the information about the vehicle efficiency but not about its technical condition. Till now the composition of fumes and smoke are not used for estimation of the wear of the engine, in spite of being very voluminous and interesting carrier of information. In many publications the composition of fumes is treated as one of the environment pollution factors, for this reason the level of fumes emission is studied. The aim of this paper was to define the influence of the technical state of engine on exhaust fumes emission
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