E-commerce Innovative Development in Rural China

Developing rural e-commerce, constructing new beautiful socialist countryside is the Chinese farmer\u27s dream, and also is a beautiful Chinese Dream. Based on achieving the beautiful dream, this paper begins with an exploratory research on E-commerce Innovative Development in Rural china. This paper firstly reviews the development status of rural e-commerce at home and abroad, secondly originally designs a blueprint and gives the corresponding countermeasures for realizing the blueprint, Lastly makes feasible solutions to achieve key technical issues. Part of the research fruits has been applied to Conghua City in Guangdong and has achieved experimental success. In view of the development and construction of new rural countryside of e-commerce is a new thing, this thesis research is only for peer discussion

Effective inhibition of HCMV UL49 gene expression and viral replication by oligonucleotide external guide sequences and RNase P

Abstract Background Human cytomegalovirus (HCMV) is a ubiquitous herpesvirus that typically causes asymptomatic infections in healthy individuals but may lead to serious complications in newborns and immunodeficient individuals. The emergence of drug-resistant strains of HCMV has posed a need for the development of new drugs and treatment strategies. Antisense molecules are promising gene-targeting agents for specific regulation of gene expression. External guide sequences (EGSs) are oligonucleotides that consist of a sequence complementary to a target mRNA and recruit intracellular RNase P for specific degradation of the target RNA. The UL49-deletion BAC of HCMV was significantly defective in growth in human foreskin fibroblasts. Therefore, UL49 gene may serve as a potential target for novel drug development to combat HCMV infection. In this study, DNA-based EGS molecules were synthesized to target the UL49 mRNA of human cytomegalovirus (HCMV). Results By cleavage activity assessing in vitro, the EGS aimed to the cleavage site 324 nt downstream from the translational initiation codon of UL49 mRNA (i.e. EGS324) was confirmed be efficient to direct human RNase P to cleave the target mRNA sequence. When EGS324 was exogenously administered into HCMV-infected human foreskin fibroblasts (HFFs), a significant reduction of ~76% in the mRNA and ~80% in the protein expression of UL49 gene, comparing with the cells transfected with control EGSs. Furthermore, a reduction of about 330-fold in HCMV growth were observed in HCMV-infected HFFs treated with the EGS. Conclusions These results indicated that UL49 gene was essential for replication of HCMV. Moreover, our study provides evidence that exogenous administration of a DNA-based EGS can be used as a potential therapeutic approach for inhibiting gene expression and replication of a human virus.</p

Photocatalysis and Photoelectrochemistry for Solar Fuels

The Sun generates enough energy to power the Earth. However, solar energy should be stored into chemical energy to be conveniently used due to its low energy density and discontinuous radiation. In the last several years, photocatalysis and photoelectrochemistry for solar fuels have reattracted more and more governments’ and people’s interest from all over the world and become a very hot topic. If we utilize the abundant solar energy to convert CO2 into hydrocarbon fuels especially, it would address the problems of global climate change and solar energy storage at the same time. Recently, different new materials and ideas have been proposed and steady scientific progress has been done. However, it is still a key challenge to explore visible-light responsive materials with high photocatalytic activities. The special issue contains eight papers, where 6 papers are related to visible-light activity and 2 papers are related to UV activity

Different immunological mechanisms between AQP4 antibody-positive and MOG antibody-positive optic neuritis based on RNA sequencing analysis of whole blood

PurposeTo compare the different immunological mechanisms between aquaporin 4 antibody-associated optic neuritis (AQP4-ON) and myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein antibody-associated optic neuritis (MOG-ON) based on RNA sequencing (RNA-seq) of whole blood.MethodsWhole blood was collected from seven healthy volunteers, 6 patients with AQP4-ON and 8 patients with MOG-ON, and used for RNA-seq analysis. An examination of immune cell infiltration was performed using the CIBERSORTx algorithm to identify infiltrated immune cells.ResultsRNA-seq analysis showed that the inflammatory signaling was mainly activated by TLR2, TLR5, TLR8 and TLR10 in AQP4-ON patients, while which was mainly activated by TLR1, TLR2, TLR4, TLR5 and TLR8 in MOG-ON patients. Biological function identification of differentially expressed genes (DEGs) based on Gene Ontology (GO) term and Kyoto encyclopedia of genes and genomes (KEGG) pathway enrichment analysis, as well as Disease Ontology (DO) analysis, showed that the inflammation in AQP4-ON was likely mediated by damage-associated molecular pattern (DAMP), while which in MOG-ON was likely mediated by pathogen-associated molecular pattern (PAMP). Analysis of immune cell infiltration showed that the proportion of immune cell infiltration was related to patients’ vision. The infiltration ratios of monocytes (rs=0.69, P=0.006) and M0 macrophages (rs=0.66, P=0.01) were positively correlated with the BCVA (LogMAR), and the infiltration ratio of neutrophils was negatively correlated with the BCVA (LogMAR) (rs=0.65, P=0.01).ConclusionThis study reveals different immunological mechanisms between AQP4-ON and MOG-ON based on transcriptomics analysis of patients’ whole blood, which may expand the current knowledge regarding optic neuritis

Di’ao Xinxuekang Capsule, a Chinese Medicinal Product, Decreases Serum Lipids Levels in High-Fat Diet-Fed ApoE–/– Mice by Downregulating PCSK9

Numerous risk factors are responsible for the development of atherosclerosis, for which an increased serum level of low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) is a driving force. By binding to the low-density lipoprotein cholesterol receptor (LDLR) and inducing LDLR degradation, proprotein convertase subtilisin/kexin type 9 (PCSK9) plays a key role in cholesterol homeostasis regulation. The inducement of PCSK9 expression is also an important reason for statin intolerance. The Di’ao Xinxuekang (DXXK) capsule extracted from Dioscorea nipponica Makino is a well-known traditional Chinese herbal medicinal product used in atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease. Although DXXK has been widely used in atherosclerotic cardiovascular treatment for nearly 30 years, studies on the potential mechanisms of the lipid-lowering effect are very limited. The purpose of the present study was to demonstrate the possible involvement of the PCSK9/LDLR signaling pathway in the lipid-lowering and antiatherosclerotic effect of DXXK in high-fat diet-fed ApoE–/– mice. The results showed that DXXK treatment alleviated hyperlipidemia, fat accumulation, and atherosclerosis formation in ApoE–/– mice. Furthermore, changes in the expression of PCSK9 mRNA in liver tissue and the circulating PCSK9 level in ApoE–/– mice were both reversed after DXXK treatment, and upregulation of LDLR in the liver was also detected in the protein level in DXXK-treated mice. Our study is the first to show that DXXK could alleviate lipid disorder and ameliorate atherosclerosis with downregulation of the PCSK9 in high-fat diet-fed ApoE–/– mice, suggesting that DXXK may be a potential novel therapeutic treatment and may support statin action in the treatment of atherosclerosis