Socioeconomic impacts of innovative dairy supply chain practices. The case of the Laiterie du Berger in the Senegalese Sahel

This study analyzes the Laiterie Du Berger (LDB)'s milk supply chain and its contribution to strengthening the food security and socioeconomic resources of Senegalese Sahelian pastoral households. Porter's value chain model is used to characterize the innovations introduced by the LDB dairy in its milk inbound logistics and supplier relationships. A socioeconomic food security index and qualitative data are used to assess the dairy's supply chain's contribution to strengthen smallholder households' livelihoods. Data for this research were obtained through individual surveys, focus groups and in-depth interviews of LDB managers and milk suppliers. Results show that milk income contributes significantly to household food security. Suppliers who stabilize their dairy income between rainy and dry seasons, diversify income sources and have larger herds are more likely to remain food secure. The LDB innovations contribute by helping herders access biophysical and economic resources, leading to better livestock feed and household food security. (Résumé d'auteur

AUT772813_Supplementary_material – Supplemental material for Prenatal and perinatal risk factors and the clinical implications on autism spectrum disorder

<p>Supplemental material, AUT772813_Supplementary_material for Prenatal and perinatal risk factors and the clinical implications on autism spectrum disorder by Yi-Ling Chien, Miao-Chun Chou, Wen-Jiun Chou, Yu-Yu Wu, Wen-Che Tsai, Yen-Nan Chiu and Susan Shur-Fen Gau in Autism</p

AUT772813_Lay_Abstract – Supplemental material for Prenatal and perinatal risk factors and the clinical implications on autism spectrum disorder

<p>Supplemental material, AUT772813_Lay_Abstract for Prenatal and perinatal risk factors and the clinical implications on autism spectrum disorder by Yi-Ling Chien, Miao-Chun Chou, Wen-Jiun Chou, Yu-Yu Wu, Wen-Che Tsai, Yen-Nan Chiu and Susan Shur-Fen Gau in Autism</p

sj-docx-1-aut-10.1177_13623613231225899 – Supplemental material for Investigating the impact of probiotic on neurological outcomes in Rett syndrome: A randomized, double-blind, and placebo-controlled pilot study

Supplemental material, sj-docx-1-aut-10.1177_13623613231225899 for Investigating the impact of probiotic on neurological outcomes in Rett syndrome: A randomized, double-blind, and placebo-controlled pilot study by Lee Chin Wong, Chia-Jui Hsu, Yen-Tzu Wu, Hsu-Feng Chu, Jui-Hsiang Lin, Hsin-Pei Wang, Su-Ching Hu, Ying-Chieh Tsai, Wen-Che Tsai and Wang-Tso Lee in Autism</p

Additional file 1: of Genome-wide analysis of copy number variations identifies PARK2 as a candidate gene for autism spectrum disorder

The detailed methods of experiments, clinical information and more experimental results. (DOCX 1271 kb

Genome-Wide Association Study for Autism Spectrum Disorder in Taiwanese Han Population

<div><p>Background</p><p>Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is a neurodevelopmental disorder with strong genetic components. Several recent genome-wide association (GWA) studies in Caucasian samples have reported a number of gene regions and loci correlated with the risk of ASD—albeit with very little consensus across studies.</p><p>Methods</p><p>A two-stage GWA study was employed to identify common genetic variants for ASD in the Taiwanese Han population. The discovery stage included 315 patients with ASD and 1,115 healthy controls, using the Affymetrix SNP array 6.0 platform for genotyping. Several gene regions were then selected for fine-mapping and top markers were examined in extended samples. Single marker, haplotype, gene-based, and pathway analyses were conducted for associations.</p><p>Results</p><p>Seven SNPs had p-values ranging from 3.4~9.9*10⁻⁶, but none reached the genome-wide significant level. Five of them were mapped to three known genes (<i>OR2M4</i>, <i>STYK1</i>, and <i>MNT</i>) with significant empirical gene-based p-values in <i>OR2M4</i> (p = 3.4*10⁻⁵) and <i>MNT</i> (p = 0.0008). Results of the fine-mapping study showed single-marker associations in the <i>GLIS1</i> (rs12082358 and rs12080993) and <i>NAALADL2</i> (rs3914502 and rs2222447) genes, and gene-based associations for the <i>OR2M3-OR2T5</i> (olfactory receptor genes, p = 0.02), and <i>GLIPR1/KRR1</i> gene regions (p = 0.015). Pathway analyses revealed important pathways for ASD, such as olfactory and G protein–coupled receptors signaling pathways.</p><p>Conclusions</p><p>We reported Taiwanese Han specific susceptibility genes and variants for ASD. However, further replication in other Asian populations is warranted to validate our findings. Investigation in the biological functions of our reported genetic variants might also allow for better understanding on the underlying pathogenesis of autism.</p></div

Manhattan plot of genome-wide association analysis.

<p>Results of genome-wide association analysis (–log₁₀P) are shown in chromosomal order for 546,171 SNPs that were tested for association in the initial sample of 315 ASD cases and 1115 controls. The horizontal line indicates a P-value of 10⁻⁵.</p

Pathway annotation for significant genes from gene-based association analyses in the GWA study of autism.

<p>Note: FDR (False Discovery Rate)</p><p>Pathway annotation for significant genes from gene-based association analyses in the GWA study of autism.</p

Locus-plot of reported associated gene regions for ASD.

<p>(A) <i>OR2M3_OR2T5</i>. (B) <i>STYK1</i>. (C) <i>SGSM2_MNT</i>. (D) <i>GLIPR1_KRR</i>. (E) <i>GLIS1</i>. (F) <i>NAALADL2</i>.</p

Results of single marker and gene-based association analyses in the GWA study.

<p>^<i>a</i> The nearby gene is within 100 kb away</p><p>Results of single marker and gene-based association analyses in the GWA study.</p