237 research outputs found
Plasmid encoding matrix protein of vesicular stomatitis viruses as an antitumor agent inhibiting rat glioma growth in situ
Aim: Oncolytic effect of vesicular stomatitis virus (VSV) has been proved previously. Aim of the study is to investigate glioma inhibition effect of Matrix (M) protein of VSV in situ. Materials and Methods: A recombinant plasmid encoding VSV M protein (PM) was genetically engineered, and then transfected into cultured C6 gliomas cells in vitro. C6 transfected with Liposome-encapsulated PM (LEPM) was implanted intracranially for tumorigenicity study. In treatment experiment, rats were sequentially established intracranial gliomas with wild-typed C6 cells, and accepted LEPM injection intravenously. Possible mechanism of M protein was studied by using Hoechst staining, PI-stained flow cytometric analysis, TUNEL staining and CD31 staining. Results: M protein can induce generous gliomas lysis in vitro. None of the rats implanted with LEPM-treated cells developed any significant tumors, whereas all rats in control group developed tumors. In treatment experiment, smaller tumor volume and prolonged survival time was found in the LEPM-treated group. Histological studies revealed that possible mechanism were apoptosis and anti-angiogenesis. Conclusion: VSV-M protein can inhibit gliomas growth in vitro and in situ, which indicates such a potential novel biotherapeutic strategy for glioma treatment.Π¦Π΅Π»Ρ: ΠΈΠ·ΡΡΠΈΡΡ ΡΠΏΠΎΡΠΎΠ±Π½ΠΎΡΡΡ ΠΌΠ°ΡΡΠΈΠΊΡΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΏΡΠΎΡΠ΅ΠΈΠ½Π° (Π ΠΏΡΠΎΡΠ΅ΠΈΠ½Π°) Π²ΠΈΡΡΡΠ° Π²Π΅Π·ΠΈΠΊΡΠ»ΡΡΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΡΡΠΎΠΌΠ°ΡΠΈΡΠ° (ΠΠΠ‘) ΡΠ³Π½Π΅ΡΠ°ΡΡ ΡΠΎΡΡ Π³Π»ΠΈΠΎΠΌΡ
in situ. ΠΠ°ΡΠ΅ΡΠΈΠ°Π»Ρ ΠΈ ΠΌΠ΅ΡΠΎΠ΄Ρ: ΡΠΊΠΎΠ½ΡΡΡΡΠΈΡΠΎΠ²Π°Π½Π° ΡΠ΅ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠ±ΠΈΠ½Π°Π½ΡΠ½Π°Ρ ΠΏΠ»Π°Π·ΠΌΠΈΠ΄Π°, ΠΊΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΡΡΡΡΠ°Ρ Π ΠΏΡΠΎΡΠ΅ΠΈΠ½ ΠΠΠ‘, ΠΊΠΎΡΠΎΡΠ°Ρ Π·Π°ΡΠ΅ΠΌ Π±ΡΠ»Π°
ΡΡΠ°Π½ΡΡΠ΅ΡΠΈΡΠΎΠ²Π°Π½Π° Π² ΠΊΡΠ»ΡΡΠΈΠ²ΠΈΡΠΎΠ²Π°Π½Π½ΡΠ΅ ΠΊΠ»Π΅ΡΠΊΠΈ Π³Π»ΠΈΠΎΠΌΡ Π‘6 in. ΠΠ»Π΅ΡΠΊΠΈ Π³Π»ΠΈΠΎΠΌΡ Π‘6, ΡΡΠ°Π½ΡΡΠ΅ΡΠΈΡΠΎΠ²Π°Π½Π½ΡΠ΅ ΠΈΠ½ΠΊΠ°ΠΏΡΡΠ»ΠΈΡΠΎΠ²Π°Π½Π½ΡΠΌ
Π² Π»ΠΈΠΏΠΎΡΠΎΠΌΡ Π ΠΏΡΠΎΡΠ΅ΠΈΠ½ΠΎΠΌ (ΠΠΠΠ), ΠΈΠΌΠΏΠ»Π°Π½ΡΠΈΡΠΎΠ²Π°Π»ΠΈ ΠΈΠ½ΡΡΠ°ΠΊΡΠ°Π½ΠΈΠ°Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎ Π΄Π»Ρ ΠΈΠ·ΡΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ ΡΡΠΌΠΎΡΠΎΠ³Π΅Π½Π½ΠΎΡΡΠΈ. Π ΡΠΊΡΠΏΠ΅ΡΠΈΠΌΠ΅Π½ΡΠ΅ ΠΊΡΡΡΠ°ΠΌ
Ρ ΡΡΠ°Π½ΡΠΏΠ»Π°Π½ΡΠΈΡΠΎΠ²Π°Π½Π½ΠΎΠΉ ΠΈΠ½ΡΡΠ°ΠΊΡΠ°Π½ΠΈΠ°Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎ Π³Π»ΠΈΠΎΠΌΠΎΠΉ Π‘6 (ΠΈΡΡ
ΠΎΠ΄Π½ΡΠΉ ΡΡΠ°ΠΌΠΌ) Π²Π½ΡΡΡΠΈΠ²Π΅Π½Π½ΠΎ Π²Π²ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΠ»ΠΈ ΠΠΠΠ. ΠΠΏΠΎΠΏΡΠΎΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΎΠ΅ Π΄Π΅ΠΉΡΡΠ²ΠΈΠ΅
Π ΠΏΡΠΎΡΠ΅ΠΈΠ½Π° Π½Π° ΠΎΠΏΡΡ
ΠΎΠ»Π΅Π²ΡΠ΅ ΠΊΠ»Π΅ΡΠΊΠΈ ΠΈΠ·ΡΡΠ°Π»ΠΈ Ρ ΠΏΡΠΈΠΌΠ΅Π½Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ΠΌ ΡΠ»ΡΠΎΡΠ΅ΡΡΠ΅Π½ΡΠ΅Π½ΡΠ½ΠΎΠΉ ΠΌΠΈΠΊΡΠΎΡΠΊΠΎΠΏΠΈΠΈ (ΠΎΠΊΡΠ°ΡΠΈΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΠ΅ ΠΏΠΎ Π₯Π΅Ρ
ΡΡΡ),
ΠΏΡΠΎΡΠΎΡΠ½ΠΎΠΉ ΡΠΈΡΠΎΠΌΠ΅ΡΡΠΈΠΈ (ΠΎΠΊΡΠ°ΡΠΈΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΠ΅ ΠΏΡΠΎΠΏΠΈΠ΄ΠΈΡΠΌΠΎΠΌ ΠΉΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΠ΄ΠΎΠΌ), TUNEL Π²Π°ΡΠΊΡΠ»ΡΡΠΈΠ·Π°ΡΠΈΡ ΠΎΠΏΡΡ
ΠΎΠ»ΠΈ ΠΎΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠ²Π°Π»ΠΈ Π³ΠΈΡΡΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ³ΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈ ΠΈ Π²Π°ΡΠΊΡΠ»ΡΡΠΈΠ·Π°ΡΠΈΡ ΠΎΠΏΡΡ
ΠΎΠ»ΠΈ ΠΎΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠ²Π°Π»ΠΈ Π³ΠΈΡΡΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ³ΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈ ΠΈ
ΠΈΠΌΠΌΡΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΈΡΡΠΎΡ
ΠΈΠΌΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈ Ρ ΠΏΡΠΈΠΌΠ΅Π½Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ΠΌ Π°Π½ΡΠΈ-CD31 ΠΌΠΎΠ½ΠΎΠΊΠ»ΠΎΠ½Π°Π»ΡΠ½ΡΡ
Π°Π½ΡΠΈΡΠ΅Π». 31 ΠΌΠΎΠ½ΠΎΠΊΠ»ΠΎΠ½Π°Π»ΡΠ½ΡΡ
Π°Π½ΡΠΈΡΠ΅Π». 31 ΠΌΠΎΠ½ΠΎΠΊΠ»ΠΎΠ½Π°Π»ΡΠ½ΡΡ
Π°Π½ΡΠΈΡΠ΅Π». Π Π΅Π·ΡΠ»ΡΡΠ°ΡΡ: Π ΠΏΡΠΎΡΠ΅ΠΈΠ½ ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ΅Ρ ΠΈΠ½Π΄ΡΡΠΈΡΠΎΠ²Π°ΡΡ
Π»ΠΈΠ·ΠΈΡ ΠΊΠ»Π΅ΡΠΎΠΊ Π³Π»ΠΈΠΎΠΌΡ in. ΠΠΈ Ρ ΠΎΠ΄Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΆΠΈΠ²ΠΎΡΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ Ρ ΡΡΠ°Π½ΡΠΏΠ»Π°Π½ΡΠΈΡΠΎΠ²Π°Π½Π½ΡΠΌΠΈ ΠΊΠ»Π΅ΡΠΊΠ°ΠΌΠΈ Π³Π»ΠΈΠΎΠΌΡ, ΠΎΠ±ΡΠ°Π±ΠΎΡΠ°Π½Π½ΡΠΌΠΈ ΠΠΠΠ,
Π½Π΅ Π²ΠΎΠ·Π½ΠΈΠΊΠ°Π»ΠΈ ΠΎΠΏΡΡ
ΠΎΠ»ΠΈ Π·Π½Π°ΡΠΈΡΠ΅Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΡΠ°Π·ΠΌΠ΅ΡΠ°, ΡΠΎΠ³Π΄Π° ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ Ρ Π²ΡΠ΅Ρ
ΠΊΡΡΡ ΠΈΠ· ΠΊΠΎΠ½ΡΡΠΎΠ»ΡΠ½ΠΎΠΉ Π³ΡΡΠΏΠΏΡ ΠΎΠΏΡΡ
ΠΎΠ»ΠΈ ΡΠ°Π·Π²ΠΈΠ²Π°Π»ΠΈΡΡ. Π Π³ΡΡΠΏΠΏΠ΅
ΠΆΠΈΠ²ΠΎΡΠ½ΡΡ
, ΠΊΠΎΡΠΎΡΡΠΌ Π²Π²ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΠ»ΠΈ ΠΠΠΠ, ΠΎΠΏΡΡ
ΠΎΠ»ΠΈ Π±ΡΠ»ΠΈ ΠΌΠ΅Π½ΡΡΠ΅Π³ΠΎ ΠΎΠ±ΡΠ΅ΠΌΠ° ΠΈ ΠΎΡΠΌΠ΅ΡΠ°Π»ΠΈ ΡΠ²Π΅Π»ΠΈΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ ΠΏΡΠΎΠ΄ΠΎΠ»ΠΆΠΈΡΠ΅Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎΡΡΠΈ ΠΆΠΈΠ·Π½ΠΈ
ΠΆΠΈΠ²ΠΎΡΠ½ΡΡ
. ΠΠΎΠΊΠ°Π·Π°Π½ΠΎ, ΡΡΠΎ Π ΠΏΡΠΎΡΠ΅ΠΈΠ½ ΠΏΡΠΎΡΠ²Π»ΡΠ΅Ρ Π°Π½ΡΠΈΠ°Π½Π³ΠΈΠΎΠ³Π΅Π½Π½ΡΠ΅ ΡΠ²ΠΎΠΉΡΡΠ²Π° ΠΈ ΠΎΠ±Π»Π°Π΄Π°Π΅Ρ ΡΠΏΠΎΡΠΎΠ±Π½ΠΎΡΡΡΡ ΠΈΠ½Π΄ΡΡΠΈΡΠΎΠ²Π°ΡΡ Π°ΠΏΠΎΠΏΡΠΎΠ·.
ΠΡΠ²ΠΎΠ΄Ρ: Π ΠΏΡΠΎΡΠ΅ΠΈΠ½ ΠΠΠ‘ ΠΈΠ½Π³ΠΈΠ±ΠΈΡΡΠ΅Ρ ΡΠΎΡΡ Π³Π»ΠΈΠΎΠΌΡ in ΠΈ in. ΠΠ° ΡΡΠΎΠΉ ΠΎΡΠ½ΠΎΠ²Π΅ ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ΅Ρ Π±ΡΡΡ ΡΠ°Π·ΡΠ°Π±ΠΎΡΠ°Π½Π° ΠΏΠΎΡΠ΅Π½ΡΠΈΠ°Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎ Π½ΠΎΠ²Π°Ρ
Π±ΠΈΠΎΡΠ΅ΡΠ°ΠΏΠ΅Π²ΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠ°Ρ ΡΡΡΠ°ΡΠ΅Π³ΠΈΡ Π΄Π»Ρ Π»Π΅ΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ ΠΏΠ°ΡΠΈΠ΅Π½ΡΠΎΠ² Ρ Π³Π»ΠΈΠΎΠΌΠ°ΠΌΠΈ
Effects of a magnetic field on the one-dimensional spin-orbital model
We study the effects of a uniform magnetic field on the one-dimensional
spin-orbital model in terms of effective field theories. Two regions are
examined: one around the SU(4) point (J=K/4) and the other with K<<J. We found
that when , the spin and orbital correlation functions exhibit
power-law decay with nonuniversal exponents. In the region with J>K/4, the
excitation spectrum has a gap. When the magnetic field is beyond some critical
value, a quantum phase transition occurs. However, the correlation functions
around the SU(4) point and the region with K<<J exhibit distinct behavior. This
results from different structures of excitation spectra in both regime.Comment: 22 pages, no figure
Revisiting the -Meson Production at the Hadronic Colliders
The production of heavy-flavored hadron at the hadronic colliders provides a
challenging opportunity to test the validity of pQCD predictions. There are two
mechanisms for the hadroproduction, i.e. the gluon-gluon fusion
mechanism via the subprocess and the
extrinsic heavy quark mechanism via the subprocesses and , both of which shall have sizable
contributions in proper kinematic region. Different from the
fixed-flavor-number scheme (FFNS) previously adopted in the literature, we
study the hadroproduction under the general-mass
variable-flavor-number scheme (GM-VFNS), in which we can consistently deal with
the double counting problem from the above two mechanisms. Properties for the
hadroproduction are discussed. To be useful reference, a
comparative study of FFNS and GM-VFNS is presented. Both of which can provide
reasonable estimations for the hadroproduction. At the Tevatron,
the difference between these two schemes is small, however such difference is
obvious at the LHC. The forthcoming more precise data on LHC shall provide a
good chance to check which scheme is more appropriate to deal with the
-meson production and to further study the heavy quark components in
hadrons.Comment: 18 pages, 8 figures, 4 tables. To match the published version. To be
published in Eur.Phys.J.
Simulation of the thermally induced austenitic phase transition in NiTi nanoparticles
The reverse martensitic ("austenitic") transformation upon heating of
equiatomic nickel-titanium nanoparticles with diameters between 4 and 17 nm is
analyzed by means of molecular-dynamics simulations with a semi-empirical model
potential. After constructing an appropriate order parameter to distinguish
locally between the monoclinic B19' at low and the cubic B2 structure at high
temperatures, the process of the phase transition is visualized. This shows a
heterogeneous nucleation of austenite at the surface of the particles, which
propagates to the interior by plane sliding, explaining a difference in
austenite start and end temperatures. Their absolute values and dependence on
particle diameter are obtained and related to calculations of the surface
induced size dependence of the difference in free energy between austenite and
martensite.Comment: 6 pages, 4 figures, accepted for publication in "The European
Physical Journal B
Investigation on viscosity and non-isothermal crystallization behavior of P-bearing steelmaking slags with varying TiO2 content
The viscous flow and crystallization behavior of CaO-SiO2-MgO-Al2O3-FetO-P2O5-TiO2 steelmaking slags have been investigated over a wide range of temperatures under Ar (High purity, >99.999 pct) atmosphere, and the relationship between viscosity and structure was determined. The results indicated that the viscosity of the slags slightly decreased with increasing TiO2 content. The constructed nonisothermal continuous cooling transformation (CCT) diagrams revealed that the addition of TiO2 lowered the crystallization temperature. This can mainly be ascribed to that addition of TiO2 promotes the formation of [TiO6]-octahedra units and, consequently, the formation of MgFe2O4-Mg2TiO4 solid solution. Moreover, the decreasing viscosity has a significant effect on enhancing the diffusion of ion units, such as Ca2+ and [TiO4]-tetrahedra, from bulk melts to the crystalβmelt interface. The crystallization of CaTiO3 and CaSiTiO5 was consequently accelerated, which can improve the phosphorus content in P-enriched phase (n2CaOΒ·SiO2-3CaOΒ·P2O5). Finally, the nonisothermal crystallization kinetics was characterized and the activation energy for the primary crystal growth was derived such that the activation energy increases from β265.93 to β185.41 KJΒ·molβ1 with the addition of TiO2 content, suggesting that TiO2 lowered the tendency for the slags to crystallize
Gamma Prime Precipitate Evolution During Aging of a Model Nickel-Based Superalloy
The microstructural stability of nickel-based superalloys is critical for maintaining alloy performance during service in gas turbine engines. In this study, the precipitate evolution in a model polycrystalline Ni-based superalloy during aging to 1000 hours has been studied via transmission electron microscopy, atom probe tomography and neutron diffraction. Variations in phase composition and precipitate morphology, size and volume fraction were observed during aging, whilst the constrained lattice misfit remained constant at approximately zero. The experimental composition of the Ξ³ matrix phase was consistent with thermodynamic equilibrium predictions, whilst significant differences were identified between the experimental and predicted results from the Ξ³ΚΉ phase. These results have implications for the evolution of mechanical properties in service and their prediction using modeling methods.The authors wish to acknowledge Mrs. S. Rhodes, Dr. H.T. Pang, Dr. D.M. Collins, and Dr. O.M.D.M. MessΓ© for their assistance with the experiments performed. Funding was provided by the EPSRC/Rolls-Royce Strategic Partnership under EP/M005607/1 and EP/H022309/1. The Oxford Atom Probe facility was funded by the EPSRC under EP/M022803/1. Neutron diffraction beam time was supported through the Canadian Neutron Beam Centre under Experiment number 1258
Thermal and Fluid Field Simulation of Single Pulse Discharge in Dry EDM
AbstractDry Wire Electrical Discharge Machining (WEDM) is a newly developed technology that uses gases as dielectric and is in favor of environmental protection. Dry finishing of WEDM offers advantages such as better straightness, lower surface roughness and shorter gap length. Experimental studies show that the machining behaviors in dry conditions are quite different from those in conventional liquid dielectric. In order to explore the processing mechanism of dry WEDM, this paper studies the single pulse discharge mechanism in gas with finite element method. In order to obtain the crater morphology with edge raised, the fluid field was simulated by ANAYS on the basis of thermal analysis of a single pulse generated by the instantaneous discharge in gas
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