A Cardiovascular Exercise Program for a Paraplegic Amputee

The intent of the study was to establish a ten week cardiovascular exercise program for a paraplegic amputee and evaluate the effects through a selected battery of physiological tests and measurements. Included were body weight, skinfold thickness, reaction time, grip strength, static and dynamic lung volumes, heart rate, blood pressure, resting VO2 and maximum VO2. A careful training record was kept and the subject also made observations concerning his feelings about the training. The subject, D.L.W. was a 37 year old male faculty member at Eastern Illinois University in Charleston, Illinois. He was given a complete physical examination and a stress test before the training program was initiated. Prior to the study, D.L.W. weighed 60 kilograms, was hypertensive and was very motivated to improve his fitness level. The three day per week training program consisted of arm cranking using a modified bicycle ergometer. The subject was gradually conditioned until he could crank continuously for 15 minutes and a total of 30 minutes of interval work time. During nice weather, the subject would wheel himself in his wheelchair on a predesignated sidewalk course outdoors. Formal training periods were held from February 28, 1980 to April 25, 1980. The tests were given prior to the start of the program, and every two weeks during the training program. All tests were administered in the Human Performance Laboratory at Eastern Illinois University. The cardiovascular exercise program as performed in this study was helpful in reducing selected anthropometric measurements and systolic blood pressure. The cardiovascular fitness level improved as evidenced by the increased ability to do aerobic work for extended periods of time. While it was difficult to assess psychological influences as a result of the physiological changes, the subject did appear to get increased enjoyment through rising early and being involved in the exercise program. Motivation levels were extremely high throughout the investigation. This high motivation seemed to hinder the subjects ability to work at maximal levels during certain testing periods

A Cardiovascular Exercise Program for a Paraplegic Amputee

The intent of the study was to establish a ten week cardiovascular exercise program for a paraplegic amputee and evaluate the effects through a selected battery of physiological tests and measurements. Included were body weight, skinfold thickness, reaction time, grip strength, static and dynamic lung volumes, heart rate, blood pressure, resting VO2 and maximum VO2. A careful training record was kept and the subject also made observations concerning his feelings about the training. The subject, D.L.W. was a 37 year old male faculty member at Eastern Illinois University in Charleston, Illinois. He was given a complete physical examination and a stress test before the training program was initiated. Prior to the study, D.L.W. weighed 60 kilograms, was hypertensive and was very motivated to improve his fitness level. The three day per week training program consisted of arm cranking using a modified bicycle ergometer. The subject was gradually conditioned until he could crank continuously for 15 minutes and a total of 30 minutes of interval work time. During nice weather, the subject would wheel himself in his wheelchair on a predesignated sidewalk course outdoors. Formal training periods were held from February 28, 1980 to April 25, 1980. The tests were given prior to the start of the program, and every two weeks during the training program. All tests were administered in the Human Performance Laboratory at Eastern Illinois University. The cardiovascular exercise program as performed in this study was helpful in reducing selected anthropometric measurements and systolic blood pressure. The cardiovascular fitness level improved as evidenced by the increased ability to do aerobic work for extended periods of time. While it was difficult to assess psychological influences as a result of the physiological changes, the subject did appear to get increased enjoyment through rising early and being involved in the exercise program. Motivation levels were extremely high throughout the investigation. This high motivation seemed to hinder the subjects ability to work at maximal levels during certain testing periods

Antagonistic Managers, Careless Workers and Extraverted Salespeople: An Examination of Personality in Occupational Choice

This paper is an econometric investigation of the choice of individuals between a number of occupation groupings utilising an extensive array of conditioning variables measuring a variety of aspects of individual heterogeneity. Whilst the model contains the main theory of occupational choice, human capital theory, it also tests dynasty hysteresis through parental status variables. The focus is an examination of the relationship between choice and personality with the inclusion of psychometrically derived personality variables. Occupational choice is modelled using multinomial logit estimation using the Household Income and Labour Dynamics in Australia (HILDA) survey data. Human capital variables are found to exhibit strong credentialism effects. Parental status has a small and limited effect on occupation outcomes indicative of only some small dynasty hysteresis. On the other hand, personality effects are found to be significant, relatively large and persistent across all occupations. Further, the strength of these personality effects are such that they can in many instances rival that of various education credentials. These personality effects include but are not limited to: managers being less agreeable and more antagonistic; labourers being less conscientiousness; and sales people being more extraverted.occupational choice, personality traits, credentialism, dynasty hysteresis

Occupational Choice: Personality Matters

In modern societies, people are often classified as "White Collar" or "Blue Collar" workers: that classification not only informs social scientists about the kind of work that they do, but also about their social standing, their social interests, their family ties, and their approach to life in general. This analysis will examine the effect of an individual's psychometrically derived personality traits and status of their parents on the probability of attaining a white collar occupation over the baseline category of a blue collar occupation; controlling for human capital and other factors. The paper uses data from the Household Income and Labour Dynamics in Australia (HILDA) survey to estimate a random effects probit model to capture the effects on the probability of being in a white collar occupation. The results are then examined using the average marginal effects of the different conditioning variables over the whole sample. The analysis confirms the previous findings of human capital theory, but finds that personality and parental status also have significant effects on occupational outcomes. The results suggest that the magnitude of the average marginal effect of parental status is small and the effect of the personality trait "conscientiousness" is large and rivals that of education. Finally, estimates of separate models for males and females indicate that effects differ between the genders for key variables, with personality traits in females having a relatively larger effect on their occupational outcomes due to the diminished effects of education.occupational choice, personality, human capital, dynasty hysteresis

Evaluation of Bobwhite Quail Surveys in Kansas

Statistical analysis of selected Kansas bobwhite (Colinus virginianus) population and harvest surveys is presented. Survey techniques evaluated include roadside counts by rural mail carriers (RMCS), April roadside counts, whistling cock counts, random summer brood counts (RSBC), interviews of hunters contacted during the hunting season, wing collection envelopes distributed to hunters, and a mail questionnaire harvest survey of hunters. Significant differences (P \u3c 0.05) between years and between survey regions existed for the April RMCS, April roadside count (coveys/observer), June whistle count, RSBC (young/adult and young/adult hen), and July RMCS, Correlation tests indicated significant (P \u3c O, 1 to 0.001) correlation coefficient (r) values between many of the population surveys, and between many of the population surveys and harvest parameters. The October RMCS is the best single predictor of harvest parameters. When the October RMCS (quail/100 miles) is used in association with adults/observer (RSBC) and total quail/observer (RSBC), higher R2 values are obtained as determined by stepwise multiple regression with harvest parameters

Single-Mindedness and Self-Reflectiveness: Laboratory Studies

Rechtschaffen (1978) has suggested that dreams are categorically single-minded and isolated. The phenomenon of lucid dreaming, however, suggests that his conclusion is overstated. Furthermore, the empirical status of Rechtschaffen’s claim is uncertain. The data on which his claim is based are personal and impressionistic. We view single-mindedness and lucidity as related along a continuum of self-reflectiveness, as suggested by Rossi (1972) and as operationalized in a scale of self-reflectiveness we derived from his work. In order to examine his assertion we conducted two laboratory experimental studies to examine the distribution of self-reflectiveness and singlemindedness in the dream reports of high and low frequency dream recallers awakened from Stages REM, 2 and 4. Self-reflectiveness of dream reports was quantified using the nine-step scale presented below

Single-Mindedness and Self-Reflectiveness: Laboratory Studies

Rechtschaffen (1978) has suggested that dreams are categorically single-minded and isolated. The phenomenon of lucid dreaming, however, suggests that his conclusion is overstated. Furthermore, the empirical status of Rechtschaffen’s claim is uncertain. The data on which his claim is based are personal and impressionistic. We view single-mindedness and lucidity as related along a continuum of self-reflectiveness, as suggested by Rossi (1972) and as operationalized in a scale of self-reflectiveness we derived from his work. In order to examine his assertion we conducted two laboratory experimental studies to examine the distribution of self-reflectiveness and single-mindedness in the dream reports of high and low frequency dream recallers awakened from stages REM, 2 and 4 Self-reflectiveness of dream reports was quantified using the 9-step scale presented below

Dream Psychology: Operating in the Dark

The questions I want to address today concern the scientific significance of lucid dreaming, especially for our understanding of the function of dreaming. There is an emerging consensus that scientific dream psychology has not lived up to the potential which motivated much of the research following the discovery of REM sleep in 1953 (see Antrobus, 1978). For example, Foulkes (1976; 1982; 1983a; 1983b) has claimed that the three foundation disciplines of dream psychology, specifically psychoanalysis, psychophysiology and evolutionary biology, in fact have contributed very little to our scientific understanding of dreaming. Similarly, Fiss (1983) has argued that we desperately need a clinically relevant theory of dreaming. One important reason for this apparent lack of fruitfulness is the exclusion of lucid dreaming from the central concerns of dream psychology. Ogilvie (1982) has aptly observed that until recently lucid dreaming has been consigned to the “wasteland of parapsychology”. This exclusion of lucid dreaming from scientific dream psychology finally has been rendered untenable by the dramatic demonstration by a number of researchers that lucid dreaming is a scientifically real phenomenon (Covello, 1984; Dane, 1984; Fenwick, Schatzman, Worsley & Adam, 1984: Hearne, 1981, 1983; LaBerge, 1980a, 1980b, 1981; LaBerge, Nagel, Dement & Zarcone, 1980; Ogilvie, Hunt, Tyson, Lucescu & Jeakins, 1982; Tholey, 1983; Tyson, Ogilvie & Hunt, 1984). ‘Scientifically real’ in this context means that researchers such as LaBerge were able to show, among other things, that prearranged signaling was possible from lucid dreaming during stage REM sleep without the intervention of an electrographic transition to the waking state. In effect, the dreamer was simultaneously awake and asleep. The significance of this finding has yet to be fully appreciated within dream psychology in particular or cognitive psychology more generally

Adrenaline and amiodarone dosages in resuscitation: Rectifying misinformation

Despite the recognition of specialists in emergency medicine and the professionalisation of prehospital emergency care, international guidelines and consensus are often ignored, and the lag between guideline publication and translation into clinical practice is protracted. South African literature should reflect the latest evidence to guide resuscitation and safe patient care. This article addresses erroneous details regarding life-saving interventions in the South African Medicines Formulary , 10th edition

Intensity-based image registration using multiple distributed agents

Image registration is the process of geometrically aligning images taken from different sensors, viewpoints or instances in time. It plays a key role in the detection of defects or anomalies for automated visual inspection. A multiagent distributed blackboard system has been developed for intensity-based image registration. The images are divided into segments and allocated to agents on separate processors, allowing parallel computation of a similarity metric that measures the degree of likeness between reference and sensed images after the application of a transform. The need for a dedicated control module is removed by coordination of agents via the blackboard. Tests show that additional agents increase speed, provided the communication capacity of the blackboard is not saturated. The success of the approach in achieving registration, despite significant misalignment of the original images, is demonstrated in the detection of manufacturing defects on screen-printed plastic bottles and printed circuit boards