The impact of supervisor–worker relationship on workers’ safety violations: a modified theory of planned behaviour

This study develops and tests an integrative model to better understand the mechanisms by which the leadermember exchange (LMX) determines workers’ safety behaviours. The modified theory of planned behaviour (TPB) was proposed by using attitudinal ambivalence to replace univalent safety attitude. Empirical data were collected from 229 construction workers in China using a detailed questionnaire. Both situational and routine safety violations were considered in this model. The results showed that LMX had significant effects on both types of safety violations through three mediators from the modified TPB framework. Specifically, attitudinal ambivalence and group safety norm mediated the relationships between LMX and both types workers’ safety violations. However, perceived behavioural control only mediated the relationship between LMX and individuals’ routine safety violations. Furthermore, this research supported the distinctions between situational and routine safety violations. The indirect effects of LMX on individuals’ situational safety violations took place mainly through group safety norm. By contrast, the indirect effects on individuals’ routine safety violations took place mainly through attitudinal ambivalence and perceived behavioural control. Finally, the theoretical and practical implications, research limitations, and future directions were discussed. The results provide some meaningful insights into how to improve safety compliance behaviours from the perspective of supervisor-worker relationships

Performance of AC-LGAD strip sensor designed for the DarkSHINE experiment

AC-coupled Low Gain Avalanche Detector (AC-LGAD) is a new precise detector technology developed in recent years. Based on the standard Low Gain Avalanche Detector (LGAD) technology, AC-LGAD sensors can provide excellent timing performance and spatial resolution. This paper presents the design and performance of several prototype AC-LGAD strip sensors for the DarkSHINE tracking system, as well as the electrical characteristics and spatial resolution of the prototype sensors from two batches of wafers with different $n^+$ dose.The range of spatial resolutions of 6.5$\mathrm{\mu m}$ $\sim$ 8.2$\mathrm{\mu m}$ and 8.8$\mathrm{\mu m}$ $\sim$ 12.3$\mathrm{\mu m}$ are achieved by the AC-LGAD sensors with 100$\mu m$ pitch size.Comment: 10 pages, 12 figure

Notch signaling regulates adipose browning and energy metabolism

Beige adipocytes in white adipose tissue (WAT) are similar to classical brown adipocytes in that they can burn lipids to produce heat. Thus, an increase in beige adipocyte content in WAT browning would raise energy expenditure and reduce adiposity. Here we report that adipose-specific inactivation of Notch1 or its signaling mediator Rbpj in mice results in browning of WAT and elevated expression of uncoupling protein 1 (Ucp1), a key regulator of thermogenesis. Consequently, as compared to wild-type mice, Notch mutants exhibit elevated energy expenditure, better glucose tolerance and improved insulin sensitivity and are more resistant to high fat diet-induced obesity. By contrast, adipose-specific activation of Notch1 leads to the opposite phenotypes. At the molecular level, constitutive activation of Notch signaling inhibits, whereas Notch inhibition induces, Ppargc1a and Prdm16 transcription in white adipocytes. Notably, pharmacological inhibition of Notch signaling in obese mice ameliorates obesity, reduces blood glucose and increases Ucp1 expression in white fat. Therefore, Notch signaling may be therapeutically targeted to treat obesity and type 2 diabetes

The profiles and clinical significance of extraocular muscle-expressed lncRNAs and mRNAs in oculomotor nerve palsy

IntroductionOculomotor nerve palsy (ONP) arises from primary abnormalities in the central neural pathways that control the extraocular muscles (EOMs). Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) have been found to be involved in the pathogenesis of various neuroparalytic diseases. However, little is known about the role of lncRNAs in ONP.MethodsWe collected medial rectus muscle tissue from ONP and constant exotropia (CXT) patients during strabismus surgeries for RNA sequencing analysis. Differentially expressed mRNAs and lncRNAs were revealed and included in the functional enrichment analysis. Co-expression analysis was conducted between these differentially expressed mRNAs and lncRNAs, followed by target gene prediction of differentially expressed lncRNAs. In addition, lncRNA-microRNA and lncRNA-transcription factor-mRNA interaction networks were constructed to further elaborate the pathological changes in medial rectus muscle of ONP. Furthermore, RT-qPCR was applied to further validate the expression levels of important lncRNAs and mRNAs, whose clinical significance was examined by receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis.ResultsA total of 618 differentially expressed lncRNAs and 322 differentially expressed mRNAs were identified. The up-regulated mRNAs were significantly related to cholinergic synaptic transmission (such as CHRM3 and CHRND) and the components and metabolism of extracellular matrix (such as CHI3L1 and COL19A1), while the down-regulated mRNAs were significantly correlated with the composition (such as MYH7 and MYL3) and contraction force (such as MYH7 and TNNT1) of muscle fibers. Co-expression analysis and target gene prediction revealed the strong correlation between MYH7 and NR_126491.1 as well as MYOD1 and ENST00000524479. Moreover, the differential expressions of lncRNAs (XR_001739409.1, NR_024160.1 and XR_001738373.1) and mRNAs (CDKN1A, MYOG, MYOD1, MYBPH, TMEM64, STATH, and MYL3) were validated by RT-qPCR. ROC curve analysis showed that lncRNAs (XR_001739409.1, NR_024160.1, and NR_002766.2) and mRNAs (CDKN1A, MYOG, MYOD1, MYBPH, TMEM64, and STATH) might be promising biomarkers of ONP.ConclusionsThese results may shed light on the molecular biology of EOMs of ONP, as well as the possible correlation of lncRNAs and mRNAs with clinical practice

The performance of large-pitch AC-LGAD with different N+ dose

AC-Coupled LGAD (AC-LGAD) is a new 4D detector developed based on the Low Gain Avalanche Diode (LGAD) technology, which can accurately measure the time and spatial information of particles. Institute of High Energy Physics (IHEP) designed a large-size AC-LGAD with a pitch of 2000 {\mu}m and AC pad of 1000 {\mu}m, and explored the effect of N+ layer dose on the spatial resolution and time resolution. The spatial resolution varied from 32.7 {\mu}m to 15.1 {\mu}m depending on N+ dose. The time resolution does not change significantly at different N+ doses, which is about 15-17 ps. AC-LGAD with a low N+ dose has a large attenuation factor and better spatial resolution. Large signal attenuation factor and low noise level are beneficial to improve the spatial resolution of the AC-LGAD sensor

Risk factors for symptomatic rotator cuff tears: a retrospective case–control study

BackgroundThe incidence and diagnostic rate of rotator cuff tears (RCTs) have increased significantly. The purpose of this study was to investigate and analyze the risk factors for symptomatic RCTs to provide a basis for their prevention and treatment.MethodsWe retrospectively analyzed the relevant clinical indicators of 193 patients with RCTs and 161 patients without RCTs hospitalized with shoulder pain as the main complaint from January 1, 2017, to August 31, 2021. Univariate analysis and multivariate logistic regression analysis were used to analyze the differences in potential risk factors between the two groups.ResultsUnivariate analysis revealed that age (p < 0.001), body mass index (BMI) (p = 0.036), hypertension (p < 0.001), coronary heart disease (p = 0.028), history of shoulder trauma (p < 0.001), hyperlipidemia (p = 0.025), type III acromion (p = 0.012) and critical shoulder angle (CSA) (p < 0.001) increased the risk of RCTs. Multivariate logistic regression analysis revealed that age ≥ 60 years (OR = 2.61, 95% CI = 1.23 to 5.12), CSA ≥ 35° (OR = 4.24, 95% CI = 1.60 to 11.22), hypertension (OR = 2.34, 95% CI = 1.33 to 4.11) and history of shoulder trauma (OR = 5.20, 95% CI = 2.87 to 9.45) were independent risk factors for symptomatic RCTs.ConclusionThe results of this study showed that age ≥ 60 years, CSA ≥35°, hypertension and history of shoulder trauma are independent risk factors for symptomatic RCTs and can provide directions for further development of prevention and treatment strategies. Future studies need to clarify the mechanism underlying the association between these risk factors and symptomatic RCTs

Characterisation of Spatial and Timing Resolution of IHEP AC-LGAD Strip

AC-coupled LGAD(AC-LGAD) Strip is a new design of LGAD that allows high-precision detection of particle spatiotemporal information whereas reducing the density of readout electronics. For AC-LGAD Strips, there is limited research on the impact of different strip pitches on the spatiotemporal detection performance at the small amount of injected charge. The Institute of High Energy Physics has designed an AC-LGAD Strip prototype with pitches of 150 $\mu m$, 200 $\mu m$, and 250 $\mu m$. The spatial and timing resolutions of the prototype are studied through the laser Transient Current Technique (TCT) scan with different amounts of injected charge. The results show that both the spatial and timing resolution improves as the strip pitch decreases. Increases in both temporal and spatial resolutions as the amount of charge injected increases are observed. The spatial and timing resolution is better than 60 ps and 40 $\mu m$ at 1 Minimum Ionizing Particle (MIP), and better than 10 ps and 5 $\mu m$ at 40 MIPs. Increasing Signal-to-Noise Ratio (SNR) is the key to improving spatial and temporal resolution, whereas increasing the signal attenuation rate by reducing the gap between adjacent electrodes also helps to improve spatial resolution. The enhancements of spatial and timing resolutions by both SNR and signal attenuation rate decrease with increasing amount of MIP. This study can help design and optimize the AC-LGAD Strip detectors and readout electronics

Characterization of the response of IHEP-IME LGAD with shallow carbon to Gamma Irradiation

Low Gain Avalanche Detectors (LGAD), as part of High-Granularity Timing Detector (HGTD), is crucial to reducing pileup in the upgrading to HL-LHC. Many studies have been done on the bulk damages of the LGAD. However, there's no study about the surface radiation hardness of the LGAD sensors with carbon implanted. The IHEP-IME LGAD version 3 with the shallow carbon and different interpad separations were irradiated up to 2 MGy by gamma irradiation. The performance of the IHEP-IME LGAD version 3 before and after irradiation had been tested, such as the leakage current, break-down voltage, capacitance, V$_{gl}$, and inter-pad resistance. The results showed that apart from minor fluctuations in some samples, no significant changes concerning inter-pad separation were observed before and after irradiation. Leakage current and break-down voltage increase after irradiation, which is considered due to surface passivation; the overall inter-pad resistance are larger than $10^9\ \Omega$before and after irradiation; capacitance is found to be less than 4.5 pF with a slight drop in V$_{gl}$ after irradiation. All parameters meet the requirements of HGTD, and the results indicated that IHEP-IME LGAD v3 has excellent anti-irradiation performance