1,083 research outputs found
Rat Monoclonal Antibodies Specific for LST1 Proteins
The LST1 gene is located in the human MHC class III region and encodes transmembrane and soluble isoforms that have been suggested to play a role in the regulation of the immune response and are associated with inflammatory diseases such as rheumatoid arthritis. Here we describe the generation and characterization of the first monoclonal antibodies against LST1. Two hybridoma lines secreting monoclonal antibodies designated 7E2 and 8D12 were established. The 7E2 antibody detects recombinant and endogenous LST1 by Western blot analysis while 8D12 reacts with recombinant and endogenous LST1 in immunoprecipitation and flow cytometry procedures. The newly established antibodies were used to survey LST1 protein expression in human cell lines, which was found to be tightly regulated, allowing the expression of transmembrane isoforms but suppressing soluble isoforms
Dynamical typicality of quantum expectation values
We show that the vast majority of all pure states featuring a common
expectation value of some generic observable at a given time will yield very
similar expectation values of the same observable at any later time. This is
meant to apply to Schroedinger type dynamics in high dimensional Hilbert
spaces. As a consequence individual dynamics of expectation values are then
typically well described by the ensemble average. Our approach is based on the
Hilbert space average method. We support the analytical investigations with
numerics obtained by exact diagonalization of the full time-dependent
Schroedinger equation for some pertinent, abstract Hamiltonian model.
Furthermore, we discuss the implications on the applicability of projection
operator methods with respect to initial states, as well as on irreversibility
in general.Comment: 4 pages, 1 figure, accepted for publication in Phys. Rev. Let
Imaging ellipsometry of graphene
Imaging ellipsometry studies of graphene on SiO2/Si and crystalline GaAs are
presented. We demonstrate that imaging ellipsometry is a powerful tool to
detect and characterize graphene on any flat substrate. Variable angle
spectroscopic ellipsometry is used to explore the dispersion of the optical
constants of graphene in the visible range with high lateral resolution. In
this way the influence of the substrate on graphene's optical properties can be
investigatedComment: 3 pages, 3 figure
Stochastic process behind nonlinear thermodynamic quantum master equation
We propose a piecewise deterministic Markovian jump process in Hilbert space
such that the covariance matrix of this stochastic process solves the
thermodynamic quantum master equation. The proposed stochastic process is
particularly simple because the normalization of the vectors in Hilbert space
is preserved only on average. As a consequence of the nonlinearity of the
thermodynamic master equation, the construction of stochastic trajectories
involves the density matrix as a running ensemble average. We identify a
principle of detailed balance and a fluctuation-dissipation relation for our
Markovian jump process.Comment: 4 page
Combinatorial functions of two chimeric antibodies directed to human CD4 and one directed to the a-chain of the human interleukin-2 receptor
The general feasibility of chimerization of monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) has already been shown for a large number of
them. In order to evaluate in vitro parameters relevant to immunosuppressive therapy, we have chimerized and synthesized
two anti-CD4 mAbs recognizing two different epitopes on the human T-lymphocyte antigen, CD4. The chimerized mAbs
are produced at levels corresponding to those of the original hybridoma cell lines. With respect to activation of human
complement, the individual Abs are negative; however, when used in combination, complement activation was performed.
When applied in combination, they were found to modulate the CD4 antigen, whereas the individual mAb do not display
this property. Individually they mediate an up to 60% inhibition of the mixed lymphocyte reaction (MLR). However, by
combination of an anti-CD4 mAb with one directed against the a-chain of the human IL2 receptor, nearly 100% inhibition
of the MLR was achieved, even with reduced dosage of the mAbs. Our data suggest that the combination of an anti-CD4
mAb and an anti-IL2Rcc chain mAb is more effective with respect to immunosuppression than each mAb by itself, indicating
that this mAb cocktail could be a new strategy for immunosuppressive therapy
Bivariate binomial autoregressive models
This paper introduces new classes of bivariate time series models being useful to fit count data time series with a finite range of counts. Motivation comes mainly from the comparison of schemes for monitoring tourism demand, stock data, production and environmental processes. All models are based on the bivariate binomial distribution of Type II. First, a new family of bivariate integer-valued GARCH models is proposed. Then, a new bivariate thinning operation is introduced and explained in detail. The new thinning operation has a number of advantages including the fact that marginally it behaves as the usual binomial thinning operation and also that allows for both positive and negative cross-correlations. Based upon this new thinning operation, a bivariate extension of the binomial autoregressive model of order one is introduced. Basic probabilistic and statistical properties of the model are discussed. Parameter estimation and forecasting are also covered. The performance of these models is illustrated through an empirical application to a set of rainy days time series collected from 2000 up to 2010 in the German cities of Bremen and Cuxhaven.publishe
Current Redistribution in a Superconducting Multi-Strand 35 kA DC Cable Demonstrator
High temperature superconductors (HTS) are discussed as energy-efficient solutions for industrial high-current applications beyond 10 kA e.g., bus bar systems in industrial electrolysis plants. In this contribution, the experimental test of a 3.6-meter-long 35 kA DC demonstrator, made from twelve high-current HTS CrossConductor (HTS CroCo) strands in an liquid nitrogen bath at T = 77 K is presented. In this work, a common connector concept of the twelve HTS CroCo strands is proposed. Compared to earlier results without common connector, lead resistances were effectively reduced and current distribution among the individual strands was significantly facilitated. This is confirmed by the observation of increased critical cable current of 37.6 kA compared to 33 kA in previous work without low-resistive common connector. Additionally, the current range, in which all twelve strands reached their critical electric field, was found to be reduced from >7 kA to 2 kA. Results are discussed and assessed with the help of an electric circuit model, from which the solder resistances at the connections could be obtained by fitting. Particular focus was given to the investigation of current redistribution in the demonstrator. Therefore, a heater was installed on one HTS CroCo strand, and activated to raise the temperature on this strand and quench a single strand locally. It is observed that current is redistributed through the common connectors to the other strands
The Weiss conjecture and weak norms
In this note we show that for analytic semigroups the so-called Weiss
condition of uniform boundedness of the operators Re(\lambda)^\einhalb
C(\lambda+A)^{-1}, \qquad Re(\lambda)>0 on the complex right half plane and
weak Lebesgue --admissibility are equivalent. Moreover, we show
that the weak Lebesgue norm is best possible in the sense that it is the
endpoint for the 'Weiss conjecture' within the scale of Lorentz spaces
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