Improved English to Russian Translation by Neural Suffix Prediction

Neural machine translation (NMT) suffers a performance deficiency when a limited vocabulary fails to cover the source or target side adequately, which happens frequently when dealing with morphologically rich languages. To address this problem, previous work focused on adjusting translation granularity or expanding the vocabulary size. However, morphological information is relatively under-considered in NMT architectures, which may further improve translation quality. We propose a novel method, which can not only reduce data sparsity but also model morphology through a simple but effective mechanism. By predicting the stem and suffix separately during decoding, our system achieves an improvement of up to 1.98 BLEU compared with previous work on English to Russian translation. Our method is orthogonal to different NMT architectures and stably gains improvements on various domains.Comment: 8 pages, 3 figures, 5 table

Chirality-enabled unidirectional light emission and nanoparticle detection in parity-time-symmetric microcavity

Achieving unidirectional emission and manipulating waves in a microcavity are crucial for information processing and data transmission in next-generation photonic circuits (PCs). Here we show how to impose twin microcavities with opposite chirality by incorporating parity-time (PT) symmetry to realize unidirectional emission. Our numerical calculation results show that the opposite chirality in microcavities stems from the asymmetric coupling of the clockwise (CW) and counterclockwise (CCW) components carried by the attached waveguide to the left- or right-sided microcavities, respectively. Notably, by engineering PT symmetry in the coupled system via the gain-loss control, the clockwise component of the lossy cavity could be selectively suppressed, which leads to the unidirectional emission with an extinction ratio of up to -52 dB. Furthermore, the chirality and PT-symmetry breaking enabled unidirectional emission is extremely sensitive to external scatters, allowing the detection of nanoparticles with an ultrasmall radius of 5-50 nm by recording the extinction ratio change. The proposed system provides a simple yet general way to manipulate the standing waves in a microcavity and will be essential for advancing the potentials of the microcavity in PCs.This item from the UA Faculty Publications collection is made available by the University of Arizona with support from the University of Arizona Libraries. If you have questions, please contact us at [email protected]

Multi-stable and spatiotemporal staggered patterns in a predator-prey model with predator-taxis and delay

The effects of predator-taxis and conversion time delay on formations of spatiotemporal patterns in a predator-prey model are explored. First, the well-posedness, which implies global existence of classical solutions, is proved. Then, we establish critical conditions for the destabilization of the coexistence equilibrium via Turing/Turing-Turing bifurcations by describing the first Turing bifurcation curve; we also theoretically predict possible bistable/multi-stable spatially heterogeneous patterns. Next, we demonstrate that the coexistence equilibrium can also be destabilized via Hopf, Hopf-Hopf and Turing-Hopf bifurcations; also possible stable/bistable spatially inhomogeneous staggered periodic patterns and bistable spatially inhomogeneous synchronous periodic patterns are theoretically predicted. Finally, numerical experiments also support theoretical predictions and partially extend them. In a word, theoretical analyses indicate that, on the one hand, strong predator-taxis can eliminate spatial patterns caused by self-diffusion; on the other hand, the joint effects of predator-taxis and conversion time delay can induce complex survival patterns, e.g., bistable spatially heterogeneous staggered/synchronous periodic patterns, thus diversifying populations' survival patterns

RAB18, a protein associated with Warburg Micro syndrome, controls neuronal migration in the developing cerebral cortex

There is no apparently changed after overexpression of RAB18 in cortical neuronal migration. A Representative coronal section showing migration of transfected neurons 4 d after electroporated at E14.5 with GFP plasmid together with indicated constructs. Scale bar: 100 μm. B Quantitative analysis of GFP positive neurons in different cortical regions in A. Data represent the mean ± SEM (n = 3). (PDF 76 kb

Design and experimental evaluation of a new modular underactuated multi-fingered robot hand

© IMechE 2020. In this paper, a modular underactuated multi-fingered robot hand is proposed. The robot hand can be freely configured with different number and configuration of modular fingers according to the work needs. Driving motion is achieved by the rigid structure of the screw and the connecting rod. A finger-connecting mechanism is designed on the palm of the robot hand to meet the needs of modular finger’s installation, drive, rotation, and sensor connections. The fingertips are made of hollow rubber to enhance the stability of grasping. Details about the design of the robot hand and analysis of the robot kinematics and grasping process are described. Last, a prototype is developed, and a grab test is carried out. Experimental results demonstrate that the structure of proposed modular robot hand is reasonable, which enables the adaptability and flexibility of the modular robot hand to meet the requirements of various grasping modes in practice