CP Violation and Extra Dimensions

It is shown that the new sources of CP violation can be generated in the models with more than one extra dimensions. In the supersymmetric models on the space-time $M^4\times T^2/Z_2$, where the radius moduli have auxiliary vacuum expectation values and the supersymmetry breaking is mediated by the Kaluza-Klein states of gauge supermultiplets, we analyze the gaugino masses and trilinear couplings for two scenarios and obtain that there exist relative CP violating phases among the gaugino masses and trilinear couplings.Comment: Latex, 7 page

Rare decay B→Xsl+l−B\to X_sl^+l^- in a CP spontaneously broken two Higgs doublet model

The Higgs boson mass spectrum and couplings of neutral Higgs bosons to fermions are worked out i n a CP spontaneously broken two Higgs doublet model in the large tan$\beta$ case. The differential branching ratio, forward-backward asymmetry, CP asymmetry and lepton polarization for $B\to X_s l^+ l^-$ are computed. It is shown that effects of neutral Higgs bosons are quite significant when $\tan\beta$ is large. Especially, the CP violating normal polarization $P_N$ can be as large as several percents.Comment: 27 pages, text updated, new numerical results include

Scales, Couplings Revisited and Low Energy Phenomenology in M-theory on S1/Z2S^1/Z_2

We revisit the eleven dimension Planck scale, the physical scale of the eleventh dimension, the physical scale of Calabi-Yau manifold and coupling in hidden sector in M-theory on $S^1/Z_2$. And we discuss the reasonable bound on them. Considering F-term of dilaton and moduli SUSY breaking and choosing two repersentative points which correspond to scalar quasi-massless scenario and dilaton dominant SUSY breaking scenario respectively, we analyze experimental constraints to the parameter space. The sparticle spectrum and some phenomenological predictions are also given.Comment: 35 pages and 8 eps files. One error on fig1b is correcte

Generalization of Friedberg-Lee Symmetry

We study the possible origin of Friedberg-Lee symmetry. First, we propose the generalized Friedberg-Lee symmetry in the potential by including the scalar fields in the field transformations, which can be broken down to the FL symmetry spontaneously. We show that the generalized Friedberg-Lee symmetry allows a typical form of Yukawa couplings, and the realistic neutrino masses and mixings can be generated via see-saw mechanism. If the right-handed neutrinos transform non-trivially under the generalized Friedberg-Lee symmetry, we can have the testable TeV scale see-saw mechanism. Second, we present two models with the $SO(3)\times U(1)$ global flavour symmetry in the lepton sector. After the flavour symmetry breaking, we can obtain the charged lepton masses, and explain the neutrino masses and mixings via see-saw mechanism. Interestingly, the complete neutrino mass matrices are similar to those of the above models with generalized Friedberg-Lee symmetry. So the Friedberg-Lee symmetry is the residual symmetry in the neutrino mass matrix after the $SO(3)\times U(1)$ flavour symmetry breaking.Comment: 16 pages, no figure, version published in PR

_In vivo_ photoacoustic molecular imaging with simultaneous multiple selective targeting using antibody-conjugated gold nanorods

The use of gold nanorods for photoacoustic molecular imaging in vivo with simultaneous multiple selective targeting is reported. The extravasation of multiple molecular probes is demonstrated, and used to probe molecular information of cancer cells. This technique allows molecular profiles representing tumor characteristics to be obtained and a heterogeneous population of cancer cells in a lesion to be determined. The results also show that the image contrast can be enhanced by using a mixture of different molecular probes. In this study, HER2, EGFR, and CXCR4 were chosen as the primary target molecules for examining two types of cancer cells, OECM1 and Cal27. OECM1 cells overexpressed HER2 but exhibited a low expression of EGFR, while Cal27 cells showed the opposite expression profile. Single and double targeting resulted in signal enhancements of up to 3 dB and up to 5 dB, respectively, and hence has potential in improving cancer diagnoses