43,803 research outputs found
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Openness and efficiency of India and China relative to the world economy: a comparative study.
This paper adopts a dynamic approach to investigate the impact of openness on
efficiency improvement of the world economy and compares the linkages between openness
and performance in India and China. Based on a panel of data set of 126 countries over the
period 1970-98, the world production frontier is established using stochastic frontier
techniques. The economic efficiency of an economy relative to the world production frontier
is identified and its determinants are examined. The results indicate that international trade,
foreign direct investment (FDI) and its interaction with labour quality improvement play a
significant role in improving efficiency, respectively, although the trade growth in our test is
not as robust as FDI. Contrary to the conventional perception, India performed better than
China in raising productivity until the mid-1990s. However, China has experienced a higher
degree of openness and therefore a faster rate of catching-up with the world's best practice
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Applying semantic web services to enterprise web
Enterprise Web provides a convenient, extendable, integrated platform for information sharing and knowledge management. However, it still has many drawbacks due to complexity and increasing information glut, as well as the heterogeneity of the information processed. Research in the field of Semantic Web Services has shown the possibility of adding higher level of semantic functionality onto the top of current Enterprise Web, enhancing usability and usefulness of resource, enabling decision support and automation. This paper aims to explore the use of Semantic Web Services in Enterprise Web and discuss the Semantic Web Services (SWS) approach for designing Enterprise Web applications. A Semantic Web Service oriented model is presented, in which resources and services are described by ontology, and processed through Semantic Web Service, allowing integrated administration, interoperability and automated reasoning
GRBs and fundamental physics
Gamma-ray bursts (GRBs) are short and intense flashes at the cosmological
distances, which are the most luminous explosions in the Universe. The high
luminosities of GRBs make them detectable out to the edge of the visible
universe. So, they are unique tools to probe the properties of high-redshift
universe: including the cosmic expansion and dark energy, star formation rate,
the reionization epoch and the metal evolution of the Universe. First, they can
be used to constrain the history of cosmic acceleration and the evolution of
dark energy in a redshift range hardly achievable by other cosmological probes.
Second, long GRBs are believed to be formed by collapse of massive stars. So
they can be used to derive the high-redshift star formation rate, which can not
be probed by current observations. Moreover, the use of GRBs as cosmological
tools could unveil the reionization history and metal evolution of the
Universe, the intergalactic medium (IGM) properties and the nature of first
stars in the early universe. But beyond that, the GRB high-energy photons can
be applied to constrain Lorentz invariance violation (LIV) and to test
Einstein's Equivalence Principle (EEP). In this paper, we review the progress
on the GRB cosmology and fundamental physics probed by GRBs.Comment: 38 pages, 18 figures, Review based on ISSI workshop "Gamma-Ray
Bursts: a Tool to Explore the Young Universe" (2015, Beijing, China),
accepted for publication in Space Science Review
Mutual productivity spillovers between foreign and local firms in China
The existing literature treats advanced technology sourcing as the only cause of reverse productivity spillovers from local to foreign firms and implies that mutual spillovers between foreign and local firms can only happen in the developed world. This paper argues that the diffusion of indigenous technology and local knowledge helps the productivity enhancement of multinationals, so that there can be mutual spillovers even in a developing country. The results from a large-sample firm-level econometric analysis and a comparative case study of seven companies in Chinese manufacturing support this new argument, as mutual spillovers are identified between local Chinese firms and overseas Chinese or OECD-invested firms
Einstein Equations and MOND Theory from Debye Entropic Gravity
Verlinde's proposal on the entropic origin of gravity is based strongly on
the assumption that the equipartition law of energy holds on the holographic
screen induced by the mass distribution of the system. However, from the theory
of statistical mechanics we know that the equipartition law of energy does not
hold in the limit of very low temperature. Inspired by the Debye model for the
equipartition law of energy in statistical thermodynamics and adopting the
viewpoint that gravitational systems can be regarded as a thermodynamical
system, we modify Einstein field equations. We also perform the study for
Poisson equation and modified Newtonian dynamics (MOND). Interestingly enough,
we find that the origin of the MOND theory can be understood from Debye
entropic gravity perspective. Thus our study may fill in the gap existing in
the literature understanding the theoretical origin of MOND theory. In the
limit of high temperature our results reduce to their respective standard
gravitational equations.Comment: 8 pages, no figures. Accepted for publication in JCA
Mesoscopic Resistance Fluctuations in Cobalt Nanoparticles
We present measurements of mesoscopic resistance fluctuations in cobalt
nanoparticles and study how the fluctuations with bias voltage, bias
fingerprints, respond to magnetization reversal processes. Bias fingerprints
rearrange when domains are nucleated or annihilated. The domain-wall causes an
electron wavefunction phase-shift of . The phase-shift is not
caused by the Aharonov-Bohm effect; we explain how it arises from the
mistracking effect, where electron spins lag in orientation with respect to the
moments inside the domain-wall. Dephasing time in Co at is short,
, which we attribute to the strong magnetocrystalline
anisotropy.Comment: 5 pages 3 figs colou
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