2 research outputs found
Health and welfare among Thai migrant women in Sweden : Lived experiences of transnational marriage migration. A dissertation in caring science
Background: This dissertation uses Betty Neumanâs nursing theory within the caring sciences to enable in-depth knowledge regarding Thai womenâs health in the context of marriage migration. Globalisation has provided new opportunities for marriage migration, for example for Thai women to move to Western countries to improve their lives and wellbeing. Western men seem to offer financial security and better living conditions, but are increased wealth and health really what marriage migration entails? Aim: The overall aim of this thesis was to explore what contributes to the health and wellness of Thai immigrant women living in Sweden. Methods: Semi-structured interviews were conducted with 40 women, using the sample criteria: (a) born in Thailand and self-identifying as Thai; (b) having lived in Sweden for at least five years; and (c) currently married or previously married/in a relationship with a Swedish man. Content analysis was used in Studies I and IV, phenomenography in Study II, and critical incidents methodology in Study III, to analyse the data. Results: Most interviewees came to Sweden dreaming of a better life. Study I: This dream was seldom realised, however, with 18 of 40 interviewees experiencing intimate partner violence in their marriages. Study II: The interviewed women experienced transnational family responsibilities based on traditional cultural beliefs and the Buddhist religion. These consisted of being a dutiful daughter, a caring mother, a kind relative, and a âgivingâ person, as well as striving for a wealthy life. Study III: The women reported 438 critical health incidents in five main areas: psychological, sociocultural, physiological, developmental, and spiritual. Study IV: Remaining in a marriage was the womanâs vital objective in finding wealth and wellbeing. The interviewed women suggested using strategies such as not giving up hope; being honest and diplomatic; mutual care and respect; and continuous caretaking. According to most of them, cultural differences could be negotiated and transformed by caring, sharing, and remaining calm in everyday family situations. Conclusion: Scientific knowledge based on interdisciplinary research can contribute to increased awareness of vulnerable groupsâ limited access to health and welfare. Marriage migration often leads to a particularly vulnerable position, which has a major impact on womenâs health. The transnational family responsibility that often accompanies immigration contributes to negative effects on womenâs quality of life, as supporting family and relatives in the home country entails a lifelong commitment that can erode both their relationship with their husband as well as their own health. Keywords: marriage migration; domestic violence; womenâs health and wellbeing Bakgrund: Denna avhandling i vĂ„rdvetenskap anvĂ€nder Betty Neumans Nursing teori för att möjliggöra en mer djupgĂ„ende kunskap om kvinnors hĂ€lsa i sammanhanget Ă€ktenskapsmigration. Globaliseringen har gett nya möjligheter till Ă€ktenskaplig migration, till exempel för thailĂ€ndska kvinnor att flytta till vĂ€stlĂ€nder för att förbĂ€ttra sitt liv och vĂ€lbefinnande. VĂ€sterlĂ€ndska mĂ€n tycks erbjuda ekonomisk trygghet och bĂ€ttre levnadsförhĂ„llanden men Ă€r ökad vĂ€lmĂ„ende och hĂ€lsa verkligen vad Ă€ktenskapsmigration innebĂ€r? Syfte: Det övergripande syftet med detta avhandlingsprojekt var att undersöka vad som bidrar till hĂ€lsa och vĂ€lbefinnande för thailĂ€ndska kvinnor som bor i Sverige. Metod: Semistrukturerade individuella intervjuer genomfördes med 40 kvinnor. InnehĂ„llsanalys anvĂ€ndes i studie I och IV, fenomenografi i studie II och critical incidents metodologi i studie III för att analysera data. Resultat: De flesta intervjuade kom till Sverige med en dröm om att fĂ„ ett bĂ€ttre liv.    Studie I: Drömmen uppfylldes dock mer sĂ€llan, eftersom 18 av 40 intervjuade upplevde intimt partnervĂ„ld i sina nĂ€ra relationer. Studie II: ThailĂ€ndska kvinnor har ett transnationellt familjeansvar baserat pĂ„ traditionella kulturella normer och vĂ€rderingar och buddhistisk religion som bestĂ„r av plikter mot familj och slĂ€ktingar: att vara en god dotter, att vara en omtĂ€nksam mamma, att vara en vĂ€nlig slĂ€kting, att vara en generös person och att strĂ€va efter ökad vĂ€lfĂ€rd för slĂ€kt och familj. Studie III: Kvinnorna rapporterade 438 kritiska hĂ€lsoincidenter inom fem huvudomrĂ„den: Psykologiska, sociokulturella, fysiologiska, andliga dilemman samt Ă„ldrandet. Dessa dilemman bidrog till Ă„terkommande hĂ€lsokonsekvenser vilka kan relateras till rollen som vĂ€sterlĂ€ndsk fru. Studie IV: Enligt de intervjuade kvinnornas beskrivningar Ă€r deras viktigaste mĂ„l i livet att bibehĂ„lla sin relation med en vĂ€sterlĂ€ndsk man som de menar Ă€r vĂ€gen mot att nĂ„ vĂ€lstĂ„nd och vĂ€lbefinnande. Enligt de intervjuade behövde de kulturella skillnaderna i paret kontinuerligt förhandlas och omformuleras och med hjĂ€lp av delade vardagsbekymmer, delad omsorg och bibehĂ„llet lugn kunde relationen vidmakthĂ„llas. En av de 40 intervjuade valde en mer vĂ€sterlĂ€ndsk livsstil dĂ€r en ensamstĂ„ende kvinna kan vĂ€lja ett mer oberoende och sjĂ€lvstĂ€ndigt liv och pĂ„ sĂ„ sĂ€tt i bĂ€sta fall bidra till ett utökat vĂ€lbefinnande och hĂ€lsa. Slutsats: Kunskap utifrĂ„n tvĂ€rvetenskaplig forskning kan bidra till ökad medvetenhet om utsatta gruppers begrĂ€nsade tillgĂ„ng av hĂ€lsa och vĂ€lfĂ€rd. Ăktenskapsmigration leder ofta till en speciellt utsatt position, vilken har stor inverkan pĂ„ kvinnors hĂ€lsa. Det transnationella familjeansvaret som ofta följer med vid immigration bidrar till negativa effekter pĂ„ kvinnors livskvalitet, eftersom att stödja familj och slĂ€ktingar i hemlandet Ă€r ett livslĂ„ngt engagemang som kan tĂ€ra pĂ„ sĂ„vĂ€l relationen till maken som kvinnans individuella hĂ€lsa. Nyckelord: Ăktenskapmigration; vĂ„ld i hemmet; kvinnors hĂ€lsa och vĂ€lmĂ„end
Broken dreams of a better life in Sweden: Thai womenâs lived experiences of intimate partner violence by Swedish men in international marriages
Background: Intimate partner violence by men against women has detrimental effects on equality, health and integration. Migrated and âimportedâ wives experience an increased risk of intimate partner violence. Objectives: The purpose of this study was to explore Thai immigrant womenâs lived experiences of intimate partner violence in Sweden. Method: Semi-structured interviews based on the critical incident technique with specific questions about experiences of male-to-female intimate partner violence were used to collect data. The participants were Thai immigrant women who had lived in Sweden for more than five years. Qualitative content analysis was used to identify patterns and variations in the transcribed data material. Results: Eighteen interviewees reported psychological, physical, economic and/or sexual violence in their international marriages. These Thai women described being faithful and silent and reliable housewives. However, this did not keep them from being replaced and losing dignity as a result of intimate partner violence, including experiencing broken dreams and deception. Although their dreams were broken, they did not give up their efforts to achieve better lives in Sweden. Conclusions: The vulnerability of imported wives in international marriages needs to be further recognised by health and welfare agencies in Sweden, as elsewhere, to ensure that these women have equal access to human rights, welfare and health as other citizens. From a health promotion perspective, home-based health check-ups are needed to stop the exploitation of imported wives. In Thailand, information and education about the unrecognised negative conditions of the Mia farang role (Imported wife role) need to be disseminated