Ruth Bader Ginsburg\u27s Equal Protection Clause: 1970-80

Professor Ruth Bader Ginsburg of Columbia Law School was the leading Supreme Court litigator for gender equality in the crucial decade, 1970-80. In addition to teaching her classes, producing academic articles, and co-authoring the first casebook on sex discrimination and the law, she worked on some sixty cases (depending on how one counts), including over two dozen cases in the Supreme Court. Rumor has it she did not sleep for ten years; her prodigious output gives the rumor some credence. Her impact on the law during that critical decade earned her the title the Thurgood Marshall of the women\u27s movement and secured her place in history-even before she became a federal appellate judge and Supreme Court justice. The author devotes her allotted space to two, intimately intertwined, topics: first, Ruth Ginsburg and the Supreme Court\u27s standard of review in sex discrimination cases, and second, the substance of Ruth Ginsburg\u27s concept of gender equality in law

A study of the high temperature superconductor YBa₂Cu₃O₇- and its cobalt-doped derivative

Static nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) techniques have been used to study the magnetic hyperfine interactions of ⁶³Cu and ⁸⁹Y nuclei in the superconducting (T=1.5K) and normal (T=160-300K) states of the pure and cobalt doped Y-Ba-Cu-O layered cuprate systems. Sample quality and physical characteristics are well supported by magnetic susceptibility. Hall effect and X-ray diffraction measurements. We report ⁶³Cu NMR spin echo experiments, performed at 1.5K and 141MHz, on a uniaxially aligned sample of undoped YBa₂Cu₃O₇. By working at such low temperatures T, we provide clear confirmation that the spin components of the ⁶³Cu Knight shift, at both crystallographic sites and in all directions, vanish as T→0, leaving the orbital shift as the residual shift. This is indicative of singlet spin pairing in the superconducting state. The size and anisotropy of the ⁶³Cu(1,2) orbital shifts are consistent with a localised moment model in which there is a single hole of dₓ₂-[sub]y₂ (d[sub]y₂-[sub]z₂) symmetry in the d-shell shell of the Cu(2) (Cu(1)) ion. By working at high fields, where the demagnetisation corrections are much smaller, we are able to conclude that the disparity in the Kᶜorb(1,2) results from previous studies can be traced directly to discrepancies in the demagnetisation corrections, while inconsistencies in the Kᵃ, ᵇorb(1,2) components result from difficulties in analysing the restricted powder pattern. The effects of the atomic substitution of Co into the YBa₂(Cu₁-ₓMₓ)₃O₆.₉ (0≤x≤0.04) system have been investigated via an integrated ⁸⁹Y and ⁶³Cu NMR study on aligned powders. Combined susceptibility, X-ray and NMR measurements indicate that the Co ion substitutes preferentially at the Cu(1) site and bears a magnetic moment of around 3.7μB, consistent with a Co³⁺ localised moment of intermediate spin state (s=1). Theoretical modelling of the dipolar fields induced by such a moment suggest that the ⁸⁹Y and ⁶³Cu(2) NMR shifts and linewidths cannot be explained by a dipolar mechanism alone. The T[sub]c of the system is found to plateau at ~92K for x%0.5 is consistent with strong inhomogeneity in the Van Vleck component of the planes susceptibility. Finally, correlations between the ⁸⁹Y and ⁶³Cu(2) Knight shifts provide strong evidence in favour of a single quantum spin fluid

Rethinking Sterilization Practices: Evidence for Event‐Related Outdating

A prospective study was conducted during a 2‐year period to evaluate the effectiveness of event‐related outdating. Hospitalprepared sterilized items (n = 152) were shelved in wards and every 3 months, several articles were retrieved and microbiologically tested. During the 2‐year period, all of the items tested were sterile

Walgett's Drinking Water: Yuwaya Ngarra-li Briefing Paper

This Briefing Paper documents a timeline of events in Walgett's recent history of drinking water management. It sets out the context in which drinking water is accessed, the associated risks, and the story of community advocacy pivotal to change. Its purpose is to inform efforts to improve water security and quality for residents in Walgett and the nearby Namoi and Gingie Villages, including urgent actions called for by the Dharriwaa Eldergs Group and Walgett Aboriginal Medical Service

Reflections on equality, diversity and gender at the end of a media studies headship

This article reflects, from a feminist perspective, on a five-year period as Head of a School of Media. It considers the position of media studies within the new academic capitalism, and the re-masculinisation of the university that this has produced. It considers strategies employed by the field to stake its own claim to that masculinisation, in particular the embrace of ‘the digital’. Finally it describes the challenges this posed for the author, and tactics employed in dealing with them