Genetic identification of patients with AML older than 60 years achieving long-term survival with intensive chemotherapy

International audienceTo design a simple and reproducible classifier predicting the overall survival (OS) of patients with acute myeloid leukemia (AML) >= 60 years of age treated with 7+3, we sequenced 37 genes in 471patients fromtheALFA1200 (Acute Leukemia FrenchAssociation) study (median age, 68 years). Mutation patterns and OS differed between the 84 patients with poor-risk cytogenetics and the 387 patientswith good (n = 13), intermediate (n = 339), or unmeasured (n = 35) cytogenetic risk. TP53 (hazards ratio [HR], 2.49; P = .0003) and KRAS (HR, 3.60; P = .001) mutations independently worsened the OS of patients with poor-risk cytogenetics. In those without poor-risk cytogenetics, NPM1 (HR, 0.57; P = .0004), FLT3 internal tandem duplications with low (HR, 1.85; P = .0005) or high (HR, 3.51; P = 60 years of age treated with intensive chemotherapy. This model can instruct the design of trials comparing the 7+3 standard of care with less intensive regimens