564 research outputs found

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    V diplomskem delu podrobneje obravnavamo Schurov izrek o vsot-prostih particijah in definiramo n-to Schurovo število S(n) kot največje naravno število, za katerega obstaja razbitje množice {1,...,S(n)} na n disjunktnih vsot-prostih podmnožic. Zapišemo prvih nekaj znanih Schurovih števil in določimo meje, znotraj katerih se gibljejo vrednosti večjih, še neznanih Schurovih števil. Omenimo šibka Schurova števila. Schurov izrek formuliramo tudi kot problem barvanja in posledico Ramseyjeve teorije. Za konec si pogledamo, kako je Schurov izrek povezan z zadnjim Fermatovim izrekom. Pokažemo, na kakšen način je Schur poenostavil Dicksonovo trditev, da ima enakost x^n+y^n=z^n pri danem naravnem številu n > 2 netrivialne rešitve v Z_p za vsa dovolj velika praštevila p.In the thesis, Schur\u27s theorem on sum-free partitions is proven and Schur number S(n) is defined as the largest positive integer with the property that the set {1,...,S(n)} can be partitioned into n sum-free subsets. Values of known Schur numbers S(1) to S(5) are given as well as some upper and lower bounds for general S(n). Weak Schur numbers are also defined. Moreover, Schur\u27s theorem is formulated as a graph coloring problem and presented as a corollary of Ramsey theorem. In conclusion, Schur\u27s theorem is linked to Fermat\u27s last theorem. Schur\u27s simplification of Dickson\u27s proof that equation x^n+y^n=z^n for fixed n > 2 has nontrivial solutions in Z_p for all sufficiently large prime p is given

    Partnerships

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    Partnerships

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    Partnerships

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