Response of combined abiotic stresses on maize (Zea mays L.) inbred lines and interaction among various stresses

In tropics, maize is largely grown as rain fed crop in marginal areas often faces drought and waterlogging simultaneouslyin same season that critically affects plant growth and development. The aim of the research was to studythe response of combined abiotic stresses and the interaction among various stresses on maize inbred plants. Inthe present study, eighty maize (Zea mays L.) inbred lines were screened, for multiple abiotic stresses at the vegetativestage. All the traits, observed were severely affected, in drought x low-N stress compare to waterloggingx low-N stress. However in both the stress combinations (drought x low-N and waterlogging x low-N) chlorophyllcontent decreases significantly, low-N stress has synergistic effect on the maize plants. Hence the overall effectof stress combination was negative causing enhanced damage to plants. Whereas, interaction of drought x waterloggingstress showed the antagonized each other response that primarily enhanced growth parameters (leafarea, plant height and stem diameter) and it has improved the tolerant mechanism of maize plants. Therefore weconcluded, the response of maize various plants exposed to combinations of stresses is depend on interactionof stresses

Fortification of AES with Dynamic Mix-Column Transformation

MDS Matrix has an important role in the design of Rijndael Cipher and is the most expensive component of the cipher. It is also used as a perfect diffusion primitive in some other block ciphers. In this paper, we propose a replacement of Mix Column Transformation in AES by equivalent Dynamic Mix Column Transformation. A Dynamic Mix Column Transformation comprises dynamic MDS Matrices which are based on default MDS Matrix of AES and m-bit additional key. Here m is a variable length that does not exceed the product of 31.97 and one less the number of encryption rounds. This mechanism increases a brute force attack complexity by m-bit to the original key and enforces the attackers to design new frameworks for different modern cryptanalytic techniques applicable to the cipher. We also present efficient implementation of this technique in Texas Instrument’s DSP C64x+ with no extra cost to default AES and in Xilinx Spartan3 FPGA with no change in AES throughput. We also briefly analyze the security achieved over it

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Not AvailableIn tropics, maize is largely grown as rain fed crop in marginal areas often faces drought and waterlogging simultaneously in same season that critically affects plant growth and development. The aim of the research was to study the response of combined abiotic stresses and the interaction among various stresses on maize inbred plants. In the present study, eighty maize (Zea mays L.) inbred lines were screened, for multiple abiotic stresses at the vegetative stage. All the traits, observed were severely affected, in drought x low-N stress compare to waterlogging x low-N stress. However in both the stress combinations (drought x low-N and waterlogging x low-N) chlorophyll content decreases significantly, low-N stress has synergistic effect on the maize plants. Hence the overall effect of stress combination was negative causing enhanced damage to plants. Whereas, interaction of drought x waterlogging stress showed the antagonized each other response that primarily enhanced growth parameters (leaf area, plant height and stem diameter) and it has improved the tolerant mechanism of maize plants. Therefore we concluded, the response of maize various plants exposed to combinations of stresses is depend on interaction of stresses.Department of Science and Technology Government of India under the WOS-A chemeDepartment of Science & Technology (India) [SR/WOS - A/LS - 284/2013

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Preprint of Research Paper is attachedHeritability is one of the most important genetic parameter widely used in plant and animal breeding genetic improvement studies. In literature, several methodologies are available for estimation of heritability for different experimental situations. Unfortunately none of these provide always a valid estimate of heritability and the estimate is so inadmissible that no conclusions can be drawn for the inheritance of the trait under consideration. Further in particularly, there is no unique methodology, which is suitable for estimation of heritability in unbalanced situations. Keeping this in view , need has been felt that with the help of computer, the sensitivity and robustness of the very widely used genetic parameter, heritability might be studied at length. The sensitivity here refers to that how the estimate of heritability is dependent upon the aberrant or outliers. The paper contains some of the results as obtained by Bhatia et al (2003).Not Availabl

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Not AvailableField experiments were conducted in West Bengal, India, to identify genetically divergent groups pertaining to dwarfness in 19 mango cultivars and selection of genetically divergent germplasm in Litchi chinensis breeding programmes by the application of clustering techniques. In mango, different clusters were obtained through the application of Ward's method under Euclidean distance. Roughly all the 19 mango cultivars along with their average were grouped into 3 clusters based on 3 traits. Except the middle cluster with the cultivars Bombai, Himsagar and Langra, the remaining 2 clusters were further grouped into 2 subclusters. All the 3 clusters were considered as genetically divergent groups of mango cultivars. The members of these clusters may be useful in hybridization programmes. In L. chinensis, different clusters were obtained through the application of average within group linkage method under squared Euclidean distance. Altogether, there were a total of 7 clusters. Cluster II (SG_JAL4), cluster VI (SG_JAL8) and cluster VII (SG_JAL6) each had a single member germplasm. These germplasms were highly genetically divergent from the germplasms of other clusters. These may be considered as the base population for selection of genetically divergent germplasm in L. chinensis breeding programmes.Not Availabl

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Not AvailableThe size of the fish is of prime importance in fish stock assessment. Growth pattern of the fish species itself is an important factor of the fish size and stock at a particular point of time. In the present scenario, it may be worthy to know the growth pattern of this fish species so that we can achieve proper management of mahseer stocks. The present paper is thus dedicated to describe growth pattern of Tor putitora in monoculture and polyculture systems. Three different nonlinear growth models were tried to explain the data sets considered. The Von-Bertalanffy model was found to be the best suitable model to describe the growth pattern of Tor putitora. Further, it seems that Von-Bertalanffy model explains the growth pattern of early stages of this fish species more efficiently.Indian Council of Agricultural Research (ICAR

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Preprint copy of Publication is attachedABSTRACT In spite of continuous decline in contribution of agriculture in total gross domestic product (GDP), share of livestock sector especially dairy production in total GDP has shown a continuous rise trend over the last 30 years. Autoregressive integrated moving average (ARIMA) approach has been applied for modeling and forecasting of milk production of India. Autocorrelation (AC) and partial autocorrelation (PAC) functions were estimated, which led to the identification and construction of ARIMA models, suitable in explaining the time series and forecasting the future production. A significant increasing linear trend in the total milk production in India has been found. To this end, evaluation of forecasting is carried out with mean absolute prediction error (MAPE), relative mean absolute prediction error (RMAPE) and root mean square error (RMSE). The best identified model for the data under consideration was used for out-of-sample forecasting up to the year 2015Not Availabl

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Not AvailableHeritability is one of the most important genetic parameter widely used in plant and animal breeding genetic improvement studies. In literature, several methodologies are available for estimation of heritability for different experimental situations. Unfortunately none of these provide always a valid estimate of heritability and the estimate is so inadmissible that no conclusions can be drawn for the inheritance of the trait under consideration. Further in particularly, there is no unique methodology, which is suitable for estimation of heritability in unbalanced situations. Keeping this in view , need has been felt that with the help of computer, the sensitivity and robustness of the very widely used genetic parameter, heritability might be studied at length. The sensitivity here refers to that how the estimate of heritability is dependend upon the aberrant or outliers. The paper contains some of the results as obtained by Bhatia et al (2003).Not Availabl