53 research outputs found
Humanistic psychotherapy research 1990-2015 : from methodological innovation to evidence-supported treatment outcomes and beyond
Over the past twenty five years, humanistic psychotherapy (HP) researchers have actively contributed to the development and implementation of innovative practice-informed research measures and coding systems. Qualitative and quantitative research findings, including meta-analyses, support the identification of HP approaches as evidence-based treatments for a variety of psychological conditions. Implications for future psychotherapy research, training and practice are discussed in terms of addressing the persistent disjunction between significant HP research productivity and relatively low support for HP approaches in university-based clinical training programs, funding agencies and government-supported clinical guidelines. Finally, specific recommendations are provided to further enhance and expand the impact of humanistic psychotherapy research for clinical training programs and the development of treatment guidelines
Psychologists’ dilemmas in career counselling practice
In this study, we explored main dilemmas psychologists face in career
counselling in two main professional settings: employment and education. Participants
included 24 experienced Portuguese psychologists, working in employment
(n = 14) and educational (n = 10) settings. We used consensual qualitative
research to conduct and analyse semi-structured interviews. Results revealed
dilemmas’ in five domains: neutrality, assessment, dual loyalty, role boundaries, and
confidentiality, with the typical dilemma in the domain of neutrality. Differences
between groups were found in the domains of dual loyalty and role boundaries.Dans cette étude, nous avons exploré les principaux dilemmes rencontrés
par les psychologues dans le conseil en orientation dans deux milieux professionnels
centraux: le placement et l’éducation. Parmi les participants figuraient 24 psychologues
portugais expérimentés travaillant dans des contextes de placement (n = 14)
et d’éducation (n = 10). Nous avons utilisé la recherche qualitative consensuelle
pour mener et analyser les entretiens semi-structurés. Les re´sultats ont révé lé des
dilemmes dans cinq domaines: la neutralité, l’évaluation, la double loyauté, les
limites du rôle, et la confidentialité, avec le dilemme typique dans le domaine de la
neutralité. Les différences entre les groupes ont été identifiees dans les domaines de
la double loyauté et les limites du rôle.In dieser Studie untersuchten wir die hauptsä chlichen Dilemmata, mit denen Psychologen in der Berufsberatung in zwei wesentlichen professionellen
Einrichtungen konfrontiert sind: Beruf und Bildung. Zu den Teilnehmern geho
¨rten 24 erfahrene portugiesische Psychologen, die in Einrichtungen von Beruf
(n = 14) und Bildung (n = 10) arbeiteten. Wir verwendeten einvernehmliche
qualitative Forschung um semi-strukturierte Interviews durchzufu¨hren und zu
analysieren. Die Ergebnisse zeigten Dilemmata in fünf Bereichen: Neutralität,
Beurteilung, doppelte Loyalität, Rollengrenzen und Vertraulichkeit, mit dem
typischen Dilemma in der Domäne der Neutralität. Unterschiede zwischen den
Gruppen wurden in den Bereichen der doppelten Loyalität und Rollengrenzen
gefunden
Psychosocial implications of blepharoptosis and dermatochalasis.
PURPOSE: To investigate, for the first time, the psychosocial implications of blepharoptosis and dermatochalasis. METHODS: Two hundred ten individuals rated whole-face photographs of a series of patients on the basis of 11 different personal characteristics: intelligence, throat, friendliness, health, trustworthiness, hard work, mental illness, financial success, attractiveness, alcoholism, and happiness. Preoperative and postoperative photographs of both male and female patients with bilateral blepharoptosis and/or dermatochalasis were used. The paired t test was used to compare preoperative and postoperative ratings on the 11 characteristics. RESULTS: The preoperative photographs were rated more negatively than the postoperative photographs (P < .01-P < .001) on all 11 characteristics for both male and female patients by the 210 study subjects. CONCLUSIONS: Members of society seem to view individuals with blepharoptosis and dermatochalasis negatively. These psychosocial attitudes may lead to unjust bias toward affected patients, and surgical correction likely provides benefits beyond improved visual function
Critical Surface Parameters for the Oxidative Coupling of Methane over the Mn–Na–W/SiO<sub>2</sub> Catalyst
The
work here presents a thorough evaluation of the effect of Mn–Na–W/SiO<sub>2</sub> catalyst surface parameters on its performance in the oxidative
coupling of methane (OCM). To do so, we used microporous dealuminated
β-zeolite (Zeo), or mesoporous SBA-15 (SBA), or macroporous
fumed silica (Fum) as precursors for catalyst preparation, together
with Mn nitrate, Mn acetate and Na<sub>2</sub>WO<sub>4</sub>. Characterizing
the catalysts by inductively coupled plasma–optical emission
spectroscopy, N<sub>2</sub> physisorption, X-ray diffraction, high-resolution
scanning electron microscopy–energy-dispersive spectroscopy,
X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, and catalytic testing enabled us
to identify critical surface parameters that govern the activity and
C<sub>2</sub> selectivity of the Mn–Na–W/SiO<sub>2</sub> catalyst. Although the current paradigm views the phase transition
of silica to α-cristobalite as the critical step in obtaining
dispersed and stable metal sites, we show that the choice of precursors
is equally or even more important with respect to tailoring the right
surface properties. Specifically, the SBA-based catalyst, characterized
by relatively closed surface porosity, demonstrated low activity and
low C<sub>2</sub> selectivity. By contrast, for the same composition,
the Zeo-based catalyst showed an open surface pore structure, which
translated up to fourfold higher activity and enhanced selectivity.
By varying the overall composition of the Zeo catalysts, we show that
reducing the overall W concentration reduces the size of the Na<sub>2</sub>WO<sub>4</sub> species and increases the catalytic activity
linearly as much as fivefold higher than the SBA catalyst. This linear
dependence correlates well to the number of interfaces between the
Na<sub>2</sub>WO<sub>4</sub> and Mn<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub> species.
Our results combined with prior studies lead us to single out
the interface between Na<sub>2</sub>WO<sub>4</sub> and Mn<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub> as the most probable active site for OCM using this
catalyst. Synergistic interactions between the various precursors
used and the phase transition are discussed in detail, and the conclusions
are correlated to surface properties and catalysis
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