Pengelolaan Konflik Kinerja Guru (Studi Situs SMP Negeri 7 Klaten)

Tujuan penelitian adalah mendeskripsikan tentang : 1) Sumber dan jenis konflik; 2) Penanganan konflik; dan 3) Pengendalian konflik. Jenis penelitian adalah kualitatif. Pendekatan penelitian fenomenologi. Subjek penelitian adalah kepala sekolah dan guru. Metode pengumpulan data menggunakan wawancara mendalam, observasi dan dokumentasi. Teknik analisis data menggunakan trianggulasi. Hasil penelitian yaitu : 1) Sumber konflik, yaitu pribadi atau individual tentang perbedaan-perbedaan dalam tujuan, saling ketergantungan kegiatan-kegiatan kerja, perbedaan nilai-nilai atau persepsi tentang beban kerja, dan organisasi tentang pencapaian program sekolah; 2) Penanganan konflik dilaksanakan melalui pembinaan terhadap pihak-pihak yang terkait dengan konflik, adanya komunikasi untuk menyelesaikan masalah dan peran aktif bersama, misalnya dengan cara persuasi, tawar menawar, dan koreksi diri; dan 3) Pengendalian konflik melalui kompetisi, penghindaran, akomodasi, kompromi, dan kolaboras

The Prevalence of Malaria Antigen In The Serum of HIV Seropositive Patients In Port Harcourt.

Background: Malaria and HIV infections are now endemic in Sub-Saharan Africa. The morbidity and mortality of each infection is high in tropical Africa. Therefore, a co-infection of both will be expected to present a gloomy picture. The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence of adult HIV seropositive patients with malaria antigen.Methodology: 300 adults who were HIV seropositive were randomly selected and screened for malaria antigen, using the rapid diagnostic test technique on blood obtained through a finger prick, in the clinic.Results: A total of 79 patients were positive, with a prevalence of 26.5%.Conclusion: The prevalence of 26.5% obtained is similar to that obtained in Jos, Nigeria (21%).There seems to be no difference in the prevalence rate of HIV infected patients with malaria and those that are seronegative for HIV.Key Words: Malaria, HIV, seropositive, prevalence

Prevalence of Chlamydia trachomatis Infection among Female Undergraduates of the University of Port Harcourt Using Strand Displacement and Amplification [SDA] Technique

Background: Chlamydia trachomatis infection, being largely asymptomatic, is difficult to diagnose using the common diagnostic methods which have varying degrees of sensitivity and specificity. There is a paucity of data onthe prevalence of Chlamydia trachomatis infection in Nigeria. The aim of this research is to determine the prevalence of and predictive risk factors for Chlamydia trachomatis infection among female undergraduate students of the University of Port Harcourt.Methods: Four hundred undergraduate, non pregnant, asymptomatic female students below the age of 30 years were randomly selected and given questionnaires with self administrable vaginal swab sticks. The participants completed the questionnaires and provided vaginal swab samples which were analyzed using Strand Displacement and Amplification Technique.Results: Of the 400 sexually active participants, 44 tested positive [prevalence rate of 11%] for Chlamydia trachomatis. Some of the associated risks factors identified were, having multiple sexual partners especially in the last 90 days, irregular contraceptive usage and past history of sexually transmitted infections.Conclusion: There is an urgent need for a national policy on routine screening for Chlamydia trachomatis as treatment is cheap and effective, while the morbidity resulting from delayed diagnosis is more difficult tomanage and associated with severe sequelae.Key Words: Prevalence; Chlamydia trachomatis; Strand Displacement and Amplification [SDA] Techniqu

The ameliorating effect of uncooked beans diet in CD-1 mice

This study was therefore, designed to investigate the ameliorating effect of uncooked beans on pain sensation using three groups of Swiss white mice (control and test) weighing 20g-30g (n=10 each).The control group received normal rodent chow, while the test group received 15g of uncooked beans in 15g of rodent chow per day and serotonin precursor (5HTP) (0.2mg/15g w/w) diet. Water was given adlibitum while daily food and water intake, as well as body weight changes, were monitored during the 30-day study. The formalin tests were used to assess pain sensation. The results showed that in the formalin test, the frequencies and durations of paw licks and paw attention in both phases of the test was significantly lower (P< 0.05) compared to the control group. Therefore, consumption of uncooked Nigeran beans diet decreases pain sensation in mice.    Â

Studies on Carotenoid Biosynthesis and Carotenoproteins of Corynebacterium Poinsettiae ATCC 9682

Thin layer chromatography and high performance liquid chromatography were used to compare pigments of the wild type streptomycin resistant strain of C. poinsettiae with those of mutants derived from it. Possible biosynthetic pathways in carotenoid biosynthesis of the wild type were postulated on the basis of observed blocks in pigment synthesis

USING TRANSRECTAL ULTRASONOGRAPHY IN THE ASSESSMENT OF PROSTATE VOLUME IN ADULT MALES IN THE CAPITAL CITY OF IMO STATE, NIGERIA

Objective: Prostate gland is a compound tubuloalveolar exocrine gland of male reproductive system in human. Morphometric analyses of an organ with the use of radiologic technique have been shown to be imperative in the evaluation of radiologic or systemic disease. The radiologic anatomist has described inaccuracy with physical examination of organs morphometry as it provides misleading results involving a particular organ for prognostic and diagnostic purpose in our region. This work is aimed at establishing the normal prostatic volume in adult males in Imo State, Nigeria. It also dealt on relationship between prostate volumes (PVs) with age. Methods: The investigation was carried out in adult male between the ages of 21 and 80 years and the research tool used was an ultrasound machine. Subjects were subjected to transrectal scanning as they were lying on this left lateral position. PV was evaluated using the ellipsoidal formula: PV=0.524×L×H×W. A total of 200 individuals were studied. Results: The result of this study gave a mean of 28.72 ml which tallied closely with similar work on prostate size in adult males in Nigeria with a mean value of 20.93 ml. The prostate size had statistically significant relationship (p<0.05) with the individual age, with male subjects in the age group of 71–80 years showing the highest volume of 36.1±1.81 ml which corresponds with the previous studies done in Nigeria. Conclusion: A normogram for PV has been established for adult male in Owerri, Imo State, Nigeria, to be 28.72 ml and correlation between the PV and age is significantly positive (p<0.05)

EFFECT OF POTASH ADMINISTRATION ON THE BODY WEIGHT OF PREGNANT WISTAR RATS

Objective: Potash known as potassium carbonate (K2CO3) is a mixture of salt with other components, including impurities which coexist in mineral and salt is highly consumed in various forms by pregnant women. The aim of this research is to determine the effect of potash on the weight index of pregnant Wistar rats. Methods: A total of 25 albino Wistar rat with weights ranging from 180 to 300 g were used and allocated into five groups of five animals each (four females and one male) designated as Groups A, B, C, D, and E. The experimental Groups B, C, D, and E were administered through oral route different doses of potash of 300 mg/kg, 600 mg/kg, 900 mg/kg, and 1200 mg/kg, respectively, after pregnancy was detected by checking for mucus plug in the vagina. Group A served as the control group and was administered distilled water only. The animals were allowed for 1 week for acclimatization under normal temperature (270–300°C), which they were being fed with normal feed (grower’s mash) and water ad libitum for 1 week. Results: The result showed a significant (p˂0.05) reduction in weight with the highest level seen with the 1200 mg/kg group when compared to the control. Conclusion: Therefore, the effect of potash alters the physical activity and decreases weight, by implication may induce growth retardation of the Wistar rats which is not healthy for a pregnant animal

Sero-epidemiology of Toxoplasmosis among pregnant women in the University of Port Harcourt Teaching Hospital, Nigeria

Background: The objective of this study was to determine the sero-prevalence of Toxoplasma gondii infection and associated risk factors among pregnant women in the University of Port Harcourt Teaching Hospital, Nigeria.Methods: A cross-sectional study involving two hundred and eighty-eight (288) pregnant women who gave informed consent was done. Questionnaires were administered to determine their sociodemographic and risk factors. Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) was performed on all patients’ sera to detect anti-Toxoplasma Immunoglobulin G (IgG) and M (IgM). Data was analyzed using the statistical package Epi info version 6.04d.Results: A total of one hundred and eighty-nine women (65.6 %) were sero-positive for IgM and/or IgG. Thirty-three (11.5%) were positive for IgM only, one hundredand twenty-three (42.4%) for IgG only and thirty-three (11.5%) for both. Consumption of beef was a statistically significant risk factor associated.Conclusion: A significant proportion of pregnant women have been exposed to Toxoplasma gondii, with the risk factor significantly associated with infection being consumption of beef, which is a very common practice in Port Harcourt. It is therefore necessary to heighten enlightenment of the populace particularly women of child-bearing age and pregnant women on toxoplasmosis–specific preventive practices to reduce their exposure to the pathogen and its potential complications. Routine screening for Toxoplasmosis in pregnancy would be largely beneficial in its prevention and control.Keywords: Toxoplasma gondii; Pregnancy; ELISA, Risk factor

SARS-CoV-2 recurrence and probable reinfection: outcome of a descriptive surveillance in a Nigerian tertiary hospital

Background: The reports of SARS-CoV-2 reinfection have increased. This stimulates the need for surveillance in diverse populations to establish the extent of reinfections and the challenges to diagnosis.Methods: A retrospective descriptive survey aimed at identifying probable SARS-CoV-2 reinfections using established criteria and proposed definitions was performed at a tertiary hospital in South-South, Nigeria.Results: The study found two cases for evaluation of reinfection. One case was identified as probable reinfection, pending the outcome of gene sequencing, while the second case was categorized as recurrence. The limited access to routine genetic sequencing for confirmation of reinfection was identified as a key challenge.Conclusions: Probable SARS-CoV-2 reinfections occur in Nigeria. Systematic surveillance of SARS-CoV-2 testing at the state and country-level is advocated to have a more accurate estimate of the burden of reinfections in the country. Access to genetic sequencing should be scaled up in Nigeria.

Assessment of Tire Safety Knowledge among Private and Commercial Motor Vehicle Drivers in Nigeria

It is estimated that road traffic crashes account for the death of about 1.25 million people each year, and it is the leading cause of death among youth between ages 15-29 years (WHO, 2016). Low and middle-income countries have about half of the world’s vehicle, and yet account for 90% of the world’s fatal accidents (WHO, 2016). Among the key risk factors for road accidents are speed, drink-driving, motorcycle helmets, seat-belts and child restraints, distracted driving (WHO, 2016). Tires maintenance or factors relating to the tire were not identified as risk factors by WHO. However, in Nigeria, it was estimated that between the years 2011 and 2015, tire bursts accounted for 7.8% of total causes of traffic crash in Nigeria (FRSC, 2016). Objective: This research aims to assess whether private vehicle drivers have better tire safety knowledge than commercial vehicle drivers in Nigeria. Methodology: The research employed a cross sectional study design on 454 motor vehicle drivers (commercial vehicle drivers n=233 and private vehicle drivers n=221). A simple, well-structured questionnaire was applied to them and data collected.Data analysis: The result was analyzed using Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS). Result: The result showed an evidence supporting a relationship between driver’s category and possession of tire safety knowledge. We conclude therefore that private vehicle drivers in Nigeria are more likely to have adequate tire safety knowledge than commercial vehicle drivers