Factors associated with one year retention to methadone maintenance treatment program among patients with heroin dependence in China

Abstract Objective The aim of this study was to evaluate the risk factors associated with dropout from Methadone Maintenance Treatment (MMT) clinics within a 1 year follow-up cohort study in China. Methods A data analysis is to explore the adherence of MMT during one year from three hundred and twenty patients with heroin dependence at five clinics (3 in Shanghai, 2 in Kunming) in China. All participants were from the part of China-United States cooperation project entitled “Research about improving the compliance and efficacy of methadone maintenance treatment in China”. Our data analysis includes the patients’ attendance in the 6 months clinical study and the data in another 6 months afterward. The data of patients at baseline were collected with the Addiction Severity Index (ASI) which is a semi-structured questionnaire covering socio-demographic characteristics and drug use history. The one year attendance after recruitment at the clinics and daily dose were abstracted from the MMT clinic register system. The Cox proportional hazards model were used to explore the risk factor of dropout, defined as seven consecutive days without methadone. Results By the end of 1 year of treatment 86 patients still remained in MMT without dropout (87% in Shanghai and 13% patients in Kunming). Over the entire 1-year period the median days of remaining in the program were 84 days (in Shanghai and Kunming were 317 days and 22 days).The factors associated with retention included age (HR = 0.98, 95%C.I.:0.96-0.99, P = 0.0062) and ASI alcohol scores (HR = 5.72, 95%C.I.:1.49-21.92, P = 0.0109) at baseline. Conclusion One year retention of newly recruited patients with heroin dependence was related to age and ASI alcohol scores at baseline. The adherence is poorer for the patients who are young and having more serious alcohol problems.http://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/109460/1/13011_2013_Article_286.pd

Program for automatic creation of subject indexes by computer

In IDL-1120

Integrated systems of database creation and computer based editing and composition

In IDL-1120

Fuzzy Feature Visualization of 3D Vector Field by Information-Entropy-Based Texture Adaptation

International audienceTexture adaptation is a challenging issue in tex-ture-based feature visualization. In order to visualize as more information as we can, this paper presents a texture adaptation technique for fuzzy feature visualization of 3D vector field, taking into account information quantity carried by vector field and texture based on extended information entropy. Two definitions of information measurement for 3D vector field and noise texture, MIE and RNIE, are proposed to quantitatively represent the information carried by them. A noise generation algorithm based on three principles derived from minimal differentia of MIE and RNIE is designed to obtain an approximately optimal distribution of noise fragments which shows more details than those used before. A discussion of results is included to demonstrate our algorithm which leads to a more reasonable visualization results based on fuzzy feature measurement and information quantity

A 3-D Depth Information Based Human Motion Pose Tracking Algorithms

Tracking human pose is the critical step of recognizing and analyzing the human motion on 3-D stereo vision, and it has great value and potential for applications of the machine vision. However, due to the complexity of human motion and background, most of the existing tracking methods for 3-D human motion gesture will add some extra restrictions on acquiring the human motion, and the tracking algorithms are often hard to obtain a robust algorithm performance. In this paper, a new human motion tracking method based on 3-D depth information is presented aiming to improve the tracking method quality. The algorithm makes a determination for the human body contour through analyzing the depth image information at first. Then the special skeletal points are estimated and tracked based on the 3-D depth vision images. Finally, the motion estimation is executed by using the three-step search algorithm, and the tracking pose is achieved naturally. Experimental results show the effectiveness of the algorithm, and it also has verified this method is feasibility and superiority on the aspect of acquiring human motion gestures and tracking compare to the similar method

Prolonged grief disorder in Chinese Shidu parents who have lost their only child

Background: China has the largest population of ‘“loss-of-only-child’ parents, that are also known as Shidu parents in Chinese society; however, little is known about their unresolved grief. Objective: This is the first study to examine the grief symptoms, prevalence, comorbidity and potential predictors of prolonged grief disorder (PGD) in such parents, taking into consideration that the new PGD diagnostic criteria ICD-11 will soon be implemented in China. Methods: 149 Shidu parents completed assessments of PGD (PG-13), PTSD (PCL-C), depression (CES-D) and general psychiatric morbidity (GHQ-12) via in-person interviews. Results: Of the 149 Shidu parents, 22.2% met the PGD criteria, with a mean of 7.59 years post-loss, and 62.4% experienced daily longing or yearning. Regression analysis indicated that fewer years since loss, subjective perception of poor economic situation, female gender and more hospital visits were prominent risk factors for the development of PGD. Older age of the parents at the time of child loss was also associated with PGD. Parents with PGD had higher comorbidity of PTSD or depression compared with those without PGD. Conclusions: There is a high prevalence of PGD and a high rate of comorbidity between PGD and PTSD or depression in Shidu parents in China, which highlights the need of timely developing effective assessments and interventions to prevent PGD in this population, particularly in female, recently bereaved, low-income and aged parents who lost their only child

Factors associated with one year retention to methadone maintenance treatment program among patients with heroin dependence in China.

ObjectiveThe aim of this study was to evaluate the risk factors associated with dropout from Methadone Maintenance Treatment (MMT) clinics within a 1 year follow-up cohort study in China.MethodsA data analysis is to explore the adherence of MMT during one year from three hundred and twenty patients with heroin dependence at five clinics (3 in Shanghai, 2 in Kunming) in China. All participants were from the part of China-United States cooperation project entitled "Research about improving the compliance and efficacy of methadone maintenance treatment in China". Our data analysis includes the patients' attendance in the 6 months clinical study and the data in another 6 months afterward. The data of patients at baseline were collected with the Addiction Severity Index (ASI) which is a semi-structured questionnaire covering socio-demographic characteristics and drug use history. The one year attendance after recruitment at the clinics and daily dose were abstracted from the MMT clinic register system. The Cox proportional hazards model were used to explore the risk factor of dropout, defined as seven consecutive days without methadone.ResultsBy the end of 1 year of treatment 86 patients still remained in MMT without dropout (87% in Shanghai and 13% patients in Kunming). Over the entire 1-year period the median days of remaining in the program were 84 days (in Shanghai and Kunming were 317 days and 22 days).The factors associated with retention included age (HR=0.98, 95%C.I.:0.96-0.99, P=0.0062) and ASI alcohol scores (HR=5.72, 95%C.I.:1.49-21.92, P=0.0109) at baseline.ConclusionOne year retention of newly recruited patients with heroin dependence was related to age and ASI alcohol scores at baseline. The adherence is poorer for the patients who are young and having more serious alcohol problems

Data_Sheet_1_Isolation and identification of ligninolytic bacterium (Bacillus cereus) from buffalo (Bubalus bubalis) rumen and its effects on the fermentation quality, nutrient composition, and bacterial community of rape silage.docx

This study aimed to isolate and identify a ligninolytic bacterium from the rumen of buffalo (Bubalus bubalis) and investigate its effects as a silage additive for whole-plant rape. Three lignin-degradation strains were isolated from the buffalo rumen, with AH7-7 being chosen for further experiments. Strain AH7-7, with acid tolerance and a 51.4% survival rate at pH 4, was identified as Bacillus cereus. It exhibited a lignin-degradation rate of 20.5% after being inoculated in a lignin-degrading medium for 8 days. We divided the rape into four groups according to the various additive compositions to examine the fermentation quality, nutritional value, and bacterial community after ensiling: Bc group (inoculated with B. cereus AH7-7 3.0 × 106 CFU g FW−1), Blac group (inoculated with B. cereus AH7-7 1.0 × 106 CFU g FW−1, L. plantarum 1.0 × 106 CFU g FW−1, and L. buchneri 1.0 × 106 CFU g FW−1), Lac group (inoculated with L. plantarum 1.5 × 106 CFU g FW−1 and L. buchneri 1.5 × 106 CFU g FW−1), and Ctrl group (no additives). After 60 days of fermentation, the application of B. cereus AH7-7 was potent in modulating the fermentation quality of silage, especially when combined with L. plantarum and L. buchneri, as indicated by lower dry matter loss and higher contents of crude protein, water-soluble carbohydrate, and lactic acid. Furthermore, treatments with the B. cereus AH7-7 additive decreased the contents of acid detergent lignin, cellulose, and hemicellulose. The B. cereus AH7-7 additive treatments reduced the bacterial diversity and optimized the bacterial community compositions of silage, with an increase in the relative abundance of beneficial Lactobacillus and a decrease in the relative abundance of undesirable Pantoea and Erwinia. Functional prediction revealed that inoculation with B. cereus AH7-7 could increase the cofactors and vitamins metabolism, amino acid metabolism, translation, replication and repair, and nucleotide metabolism, while decreasing the carbohydrate metabolism, membrane transport, and energy metabolism. In brief, B. cereus AH7-7 improved the microbial community, fermentation activity, and ultimately the quality of silage. The ensiling with B. cereus AH7-7, L. plantarum, and L. buchneri combination is an effective and practical strategy to improve the fermentation and nutrition preservation of rape silage.</p