Hydrodynamic Modeling Analysis of Union Slough Restoration Project in Snohomish River, Washington

A modeling study was conducted to evaluate additional project design scenarios at the Union Slough restoration/mitigation site during low tide and to provide recommendations for finish-grade elevations to achieve desired drainage. This was accomplished using the Snohomish River hydrodynamic model developed previously by PNNL

Assessment of Tidal Energy Removal Impacts on Physical Systems: Development of MHK Module and Analysis of Effects on Hydrodynamics

In this report we describe (1) the development, test, and validation of the marine hydrokinetic energy scheme in a three-dimensional coastal ocean model (FVCOM); and (2) the sensitivity analysis of effects of marine hydrokinetic energy configurations on power extraction and volume flux in a coastal bay. Submittal of this report completes the work on Task 2.1.2, Effects of Physical Systems, Subtask 2.1.2.1, Hydrodynamics and Subtask 2.1.2.3, Screening Analysis, for fiscal year 2011 of the Environmental Effects of Marine and Hydrokinetic Energy project

学会抄録

BackgroundMany developing countries are experiencing rapid ecological changes such as deforestation and shifting agricultural practices. These environmental changes may have an important consequence on malaria due to their impact on vector survival and reproduction. Despite intensive deforestation and malaria transmission in the China-Myanmar border area, the impact of deforestation on malaria vectors in the border area is unknown.MethodsWe conducted life table studies on Anopheles minimus larvae to determine the pupation rate and development time in microcosms under deforested, banana plantation, and forested environments.ResultsThe pupation rate of An. minimus was 3.8 % in the forested environment. It was significantly increased to 12.5 % in banana plantations and to 52.5 % in the deforested area. Deforestation reduced larval-to-pupal development time by 1.9-3.3 days. Food supplementation to aquatic habitats in forested environments and banana plantations significantly increased larval survival rate to a similar level as in the deforested environment.ConclusionDeforestation enhanced the survival and development of An. minimus larvae, a major malaria vector in the China-Myanmar border area. Experimental determination of the life table parameters on mosquito larvae under a variety of environmental conditions is valuable to model malaria transmission dynamics and impact by climate and environmental changes

A modeling study of storm surge in the Salish Sea

The Pacific Northwest coasts are subject to the threat of coastal inundation as a result of storm surge. This snapshot presentation provides an overview of a modeling study of storm surge in the Salish Sea using a high resolution coastal hydrodynamic model. A series of historical storm surge events were identified based on non-tidal residual (NTR) water levels observed at Seattle tide gage. Model simulations corresponding to selected storm surge events were conducted. The Salish Sea storm surge model was validated with both observed tidal and NTR data at NOAA tide gauges in the Salish Sea. Sensitivity analysis on the effects of wind forcing and the open boundary conditions are investigated. Model results indicated that storm surge within Salish Sea is dominated by the open boundary conditions at the entrance of the Strait of Juan de Fuca and wind forcing plays a secondary role. Distributions of storm surge heights corresponding to the sub-basins of Salish Sea are analyzed. The result is a map showing coastal areas at higher risk of storm surge versus those that are less exposed. Note: this submission is for oral snapshot presentation

Modeling water exchange and transport timescales in a multi-inlet bay system of Puget Sound, Washington

In this study, an integrated modeling framework consisting of the watershed model HSPF and the hydrodynamic model FVCOM is used to simulate the watershed hydrology and hydrodynamic circulations in a multi-inlet bay system of Puget Sound, which includes Liberty Bay, Port Orchard Bay, Dyes Inlet, and Sinclair Inlet. These interconnected inlets and bays form a unique subsystem that is connected to the Central Basin of Puget Sound through two narrow passages, namely Agate Passage and Rich Passage. Due to residential and industrial development in the watershed, degraded water quality has been observed in the system and manifests as bacteria contamination, low dissolved oxygen and harmful algal blooms. All these water quality issues require a good understanding of the pollutant sources from the watershed and the transport pathways in the receiving waters, and thus call for an integrated modeling approach based on watershed, hydrodynamic and water quality models. In this presentation, the high-resolution FVCOM model is used to simulate the general hydrodynamic circulation in the subsystem and quantify its physical transport timescales (e.g., residence time) with both neutral-buoyance tracers and Lagrangian particles under various hydrological conditions simulated by the HSPF model. The results demonstrate that hydrodynamic circulation plays an important role in explaining some of the water quality issues in the system. The transport timescales under various hydrological conditions provide useful indicators on how physical processes modulate pollutant transport and water quality in the subsystem

Establishment and Optimization of Two-dimensional Electrophoresis Technique in Hydatid Fluid Proteome of Echinococcus granulosus

Abstract -The aim of this study was to establish and optimize the two-dimensional electrophoresis (2-DE) technology for hydatid fluid proteome of the Echinococcus granulosus, and obtain 2-DE map of hydatid fluid proteome. Total proteins of hydatid fluid were extracted by lyophilization. A series of important factors, such as sample preparation, protein quantities, pH range of immobilized pH gradient (IPG) strip and extraction methods, were optimized to improve the resolution and repeatability. Two-dimensional electrophoresis maps were analyzed after staining. The 2-DE profiles with high resolution and good repeatability were obtained, when the hydatid fluid dealt with ReadyPrep TM 2-D Cleanup Kit were analyzed with the established 2-DE using 400µg of quantitative loading and IPG strips pH7-10. We identified 30 protein spots using PDQuest 8.0 2D analysis software. The molecular weight of most of these proteins ranged from 43 to 97kDa and the isoelectric points of these proteins ranged from 5 to 9. An optimized 2-DE system is set up successfully in this study, electrophoresis pattern of which shows a high resolution and good repeatability, and can be used for the study of E. granulosus proteomics effectively

The Ecological Response of Carex lasiocarpa

The response of Carex lasiocarpa in riparian wetlands in Sanjiang Plain to the environmental gradient of water depth was analyzed by using the Gaussian Model based on the biomass and average height data, and the ecological water-depth amplitude of Carex lasiocarpa was derived. The results indicated that the optimum ecological water-depth amplitude of Carex lasiocarpa based on biomass was [13.45 cm, 29.78 cm], while the optimum ecological water-depth amplitude of Carex lasiocarpa based on average height was [2.31 cm, 40.11 cm]. The intersection of the ecological water-depth amplitudes based on biomass and height confirmed that the optimum ecological water-depth amplitude of Carex lasiocarpa was [13.45 cm, 29.78 cm] and the optimist growing water-depth of Carex lasiocarpa was 21.4 cm. The TWINSPAN, a polythetic and divisive classification tool, was used to classify the wetland ecological series into 6 associations. Result of TWINSPAN matrix classification reflected an obvious environmental gradient in these associations: water-depth gradient. The relation of biodiversity of Carex lasiocarpa community and water depth was determined by calculating the diversity index of each association