Impacts of Agricultural Expansion (1910s-2010s) on Water Cycle in the Songneng Plain, Northeast China

Agricultural expansion is one of the primary land use changes on the Earth’s surface. The Songnen Plain in Northeast China is renowned for its Black Soil and is one of the most important agricultural regions of this country. In the last century, its population increased 20-fold and excessive areas of grassland were cultivated. Based on a series of decadal land use/land cover data sets in the plain (1910s–2010s), this study simulated the water balance in each decade using the Weather Research and Forecasting (WRF) model and assessed the water effects of centurial agricultural expansion. Six variables were simulated to explain the land-atmosphere interaction: precipitation, total evapotranspiration, canopy transpiration, canopy interception evaporation, land evaporation and land surface runoff and infiltration. Agreeing with historical climate reanalysis data, the simulated precipitation in the plain did not have a significant trend. However, the total evapotranspiration significantly increased in the study region. The canopy transpiration and interception evaporation increased and the runoff and infiltration decreased, both indicating a drought effect in soil. The drying trend varied spatially with the strongest pattern in the central plain where large areas of wetlands remain. As a consequence of agricultural expansion, the centurial drying process in the fertile Black Soil may put strong pressure on the crop productivity and food safety of this important agricultural region

The Size of Children’s Strollers of Different Ages Based on Ergonomic Mathematics Design

By establishing common simplified model rules for strollers, the early planning of rapid modeling of new products is realized. We have ergonomically designed the shock-absorbing structure of the stroller. Studies have shown that the vibration damping of the stroller has the greatest relationship with the damping structure of the car body itself. The vibration acceleration monitoring of the cart with the frame damping system found that due to the frame damping system, nylon components are used for isolation between the frame connection parts and between the wheel and the seat pocket so that the nylon can effectively absorb the impact energy

A Paragraph Text-Writing Intervention for Adolescents with Intellectual and Developmental Disabilities

Paragraph text-writing refers to constructing multiple words and sentences into the form of a paragraph. It is critical to overall written expression; unfortunately, many students with disabilities struggle to develop it to fluency. The present study investigated the effects of a multicomponent intervention on the accuracy and fluency of paragraph text writing skills of three adolescents with intellectual and developmental disabilities. The intervention procedures featured a combination of explicit instruction and timed practice delivered through a series of short, supplemental lessons. Intervention was delivered one-on-one, and a multiple probe across participants designed was used. Results were mixed, with two of three students showing an improvement in multiple skills related to paragraph text-writing, including sentences with appropriate syntax, semantics, capitalization, and punctuation. The limitations of this study as well as implications for practice are discussed

Dynamics of carbon budget and meteorological factors of a typical maize ecosystem in Songnen Plain, China

Aim of study: Understanding the carbon budget and meteorological factor impacts of farmland ecosystems is helpful for scientific assessment of carbon budget and low-carbon agricultural production practices. Area of study: The Songnen Plain, NE China, in 2019. Material and methods: Based on eddy-related flux and soil heterotrophic respiration observations from a typical maize farmland ecosystem, using mathematical statistics and carbon balance equation methods, were analyzed. Main results: Soil respiration rate (Rs) and composition were influenced and controlled by the synergistic effect of surface soil temperature (Ts) and water content (Wcs). Ts played a leading role, while Wcs played an important role. Ts and Wcs had the greatest influence on the heterotrophic respiration rate (Rh), followed by Rs and autotrophic respiration rate (Ra). Daily variations of net ecosystem productivity were correlated with daily mean air temperature, latent heat flux, and sensible heat flux. Annual carbon revenue was 1139.67 g C m-2, annual carbon expenditure was 456.14 g C m-2, and annual carbon budget was -683.53 g C m-2 in 2019. While considering that maize grain yield (-353.44 g C m-2) was moved out of the field at harvest, the net ecosystem carbon balance was -330.09 g C m-2; then it was carbon sink in 2019. By fully utilizing climate resources and improving agricultural managements, carbon sink is increased in farmland ecosystems. Research highlights: Soil respiration rate and composition were influenced and controlled by the synergistic effect of soil temperature and water content; the maize farmland ecosystem is carbon sink

Impacts of Agricultural Expansion (1910s–2010s) on the Water Cycle in the Songneng Plain, Northeast China

Agricultural expansion is one of the primary land use changes on the Earth’s surface. The Songnen Plain in Northeast China is renowned for its Black Soil and is one of the most important agricultural regions of this country. In the last century, its population increased 20-fold and excessive areas of grassland were cultivated. Based on a series of decadal land use/land cover data sets in the plain (1910s–2010s), this study simulated the water balance in each decade using the Weather Research and Forecasting (WRF) model and assessed the water effects of centurial agricultural expansion. Six variables were simulated to explain the land-atmosphere interaction: precipitation, total evapotranspiration, canopy transpiration, canopy interception evaporation, land evaporation and land surface runoff and infiltration. Agreeing with historical climate reanalysis data, the simulated precipitation in the plain did not have a significant trend. However, the total evapotranspiration significantly increased in the study region. The canopy transpiration and interception evaporation increased and the runoff and infiltration decreased, both indicating a drought effect in soil. The drying trend varied spatially with the strongest pattern in the central plain where large areas of wetlands remain. As a consequence of agricultural expansion, the centurial drying process in the fertile Black Soil may put strong pressure on the crop productivity and food safety of this important agricultural region

sj-docx-1-rse-10.1177_07419325231190808 – Supplemental material for What Predicts Within-Participant Replication of Relative Efficiency in Single-Case Comparisons? A Logistic Regression Analysis

Supplemental material, sj-docx-1-rse-10.1177_07419325231190808 for What Predicts Within-Participant Replication of Relative Efficiency in Single-Case Comparisons? A Logistic Regression Analysis by Lanqi Wang, Chengan Yuan, Shahad Alsharif, Qing Archer Zhang and Yang Du in Remedial and Special Education</p

Constipation in DM are associated with both poor glycemic control and diabetic complications: Current status and future directions

Constipation is a major complications of diabetes mellitus. With the accelerating prevalence of diabetes worldwide and an aging population, there is considerable research interest regarding the altered function and structure of the gastrointestinal tract in diabetic patients. Despite current advances in hyperglycemic treatment strategies, the specific pathogenesis of diabetic constipation remains unknown. Patients with constipation, may be reluctant to eat regularly, which may worsen glycemic control and thus worsen symptoms associated with underlying diabetic bowel disease. This paper presents a review of the complex relationship between diabetes and constipation, exploring the morphological alterations and biomechanical remodeling associated with intestinal motility dysfunction, as well as alterations in intestinal neurons, cellular signaling pathways, and oxidative stress. Further studies focusing on new targets that may play a role in the pathogenesis of diabetic constipation may, provide new ideas for the development of novel therapies to treat or even prevent diabetic constipation

SRSF1 Facilitates Cytosolic DNA-Induced Production of Type I Interferons Recognized by RIG-I

<div><p>Background</p><p>Evidence has shown that psoriasis is closely associated with infection; however, the mechanism of this association remains unclear. In mammalian cells, viral or bacterial infection is accompanied by the release of cytosolic DNA, which in turn triggers the production of type-I interferons (IFNs). Type I IFNs and their associated genes are significantly upregulated in psoriatic lesions. RIG-I is also highly upregulated in psoriatic lesions and is responsible for IFN production. However, RIG-I mediated regulatory signaling in psoriasis is poorly understood.</p><p>Methods</p><p>We screened a cDNA library and identified potential RIG-I interacting partners that may play a role in psoriasis.</p><p>Results</p><p>We found that serine/arginine-rich splicing factor 1 (SRSF1) could specifically interact with RIG-I to facilitate RIG-I mediated production of type-I IFN that is triggered by cytosolic DNA. We found SRSF1 associates with RNA polymerase III and RIG-I in a DNA-dependent manner. In addition, treatment with a TNFα inhibitor downregulated SRSF1 expression in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) from psoriasis vulgaris patients.</p><p>Discussion</p><p>Based on the abundance of pathogenic cytosolic DNA that is detected in psoriatic lesions, our finding that RIG-I interacts with SRSF1 to regulate type-I IFN production reveals a critical link regarding how cytosolic DNA specifically activates aberrant IFN expression. These data may provide new therapeutic targets for the treatment of psoriasis.</p></div

The association of SRSF1 with RNA polymerase III is dependent on the DNA template.

<p>(A) HEK293T cells were transfected with salmon sperm DNA and lysed using RIPA buffer. Cell lysates were immunoprecipitated with the RNA polymerase III subunit C7 antibody and immunoblotted using the SRSF1 antibody. Lysates were left untreated or were treated for 1 h with RNase A or DNase I before immunoprecipitation. (B) HEK293T cells were stimulated with 500 ng Poly(dA:dT)/LyoVec. After 24 h, cell lysates were immunoprecipitated with the anti-RIG-I antibody or anti-Pol-III RPC32 antibody and incubated overnight with protein(A+G). Immunoprecipitated products, as well as 1% input from whole cell lysates, were immunoblotted with anti-SRSF1, anti-RIG-I, and anti-Pol III antibodies.</p