53 research outputs found
TRIM52 promotes proliferation, invasion, and migration of gastric cancer cells by regulating Wnt/β-catenin pathway
Purpose: This study aimed to reveal the role and mechanism of tripartite motif-containing 52 (TRIM52) in gastric cancer (GC) progression.Methods: The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) database was utilized to analyze TRIM52 expression in GC samples and para-carcinoma tissue samples, and the results were confirmed by quantitative realtime polymerase chain reaction. Cell counting kit-8 and colony formation assays were used to evaluate cell viability. Wound healing assay was utilized to analyze cell migration, while Transwell assay was utilized to evaluate cell invasion. TRIM52, proliferating cell nuclear antigen, matrix metalloproteinase-2, Wnt5a, β-catenin, and c-Myc protein levels were measured by western blot.Results: TRIM52 was expressed more in GC tissue samples and cells compared to normal tissues and cells (p < 0.001). Overexpression of TRIM52 promoted growth, migration, and invasion of HGC-27 cells, and silencing inhibited growth, migration, and invasion of HGC-27 cells (p < 0.001). In addition, TRIM52 overexpression increased Wnt5a, β-catenin, and c-Myc protein expression, and silencing decreased Wnt5a, β-catenin, and c-Myc protein expression (p < 0.001 or p < 0.01), indicating that TRIM52 activates Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway.Conclusion: These findings reveal that TRIM52 facilitates GC cell proliferation, migration and invasion, but activates Wnt/β-catenin signaling
Detection and evaluation of abnormal user behavior based on quantum generation adversarial network
Quantum computing holds tremendous potential for processing high-dimensional
data, capitalizing on the unique capabilities of superposition and parallelism
within quantum states. As we navigate the noisy intermediate-scale quantum
(NISQ) era, the exploration of quantum computing applications has emerged as a
compelling frontier. One area of particular interest within the realm of
cyberspace security is Behavior Detection and Evaluation (BDE). Notably, the
detection and evaluation of internal abnormal behaviors pose significant
challenges, given their infrequent occurrence or even their concealed nature
amidst vast volumes of normal data. In this paper, we introduce a novel quantum
behavior detection and evaluation algorithm (QBDE) tailored for internal user
analysis. The QBDE algorithm comprises a Quantum Generative Adversarial Network
(QGAN) in conjunction with a classical neural network for detection and
evaluation tasks. The QGAN is built upon a hybrid architecture, encompassing a
Quantum Generator () and a Classical Discriminator (). ,
designed as a parameterized quantum circuit (PQC), collaborates with , a
classical neural network, to collectively enhance the analysis process. To
address the challenge of imbalanced positive and negative samples, is
employed to generate negative samples. Both and are optimized
through gradient descent techniques. Through extensive simulation tests and
quantitative analyses, we substantiate the effectiveness of the QBDE algorithm
in detecting and evaluating internal user abnormal behaviors. Our work not only
introduces a novel approach to abnormal behavior detection and evaluation but
also pioneers a new application scenario for quantum algorithms. This paradigm
shift underscores the promising prospects of quantum computing in tackling
complex cybersecurity challenges
Biodiversity promotes ecosystem functioning despite environmental change
Three decades of research have demonstrated that biodiversity can promote the functioning of ecosystems. Yet, it is unclear whether the positive effects of biodiversity on ecosystem functioning will persist under various types of global environmental change drivers. We conducted a meta-analysis of 46 factorial experiments manipulating both species richness and the environment to test how global change drivers (i.e. warming, drought, nutrient addition or CO2 enrichment) modulated the effect of biodiversity on multiple ecosystem functions across three taxonomic groups (microbes, phytoplankton and plants). We found that biodiversity increased ecosystem functioning in both ambient and manipulated environments, but often not to the same degree. In particular, biodiversity effects on ecosystem functioning were larger in stressful environments induced by global change drivers, indicating that high-diversity communities were more resistant to environmental change. Using a subset of studies, we also found that the positive effects of biodiversity were mainly driven by interspecific complementarity and that these effects increased over time in both ambient and manipulated environments. Our findings support biodiversity conservation as a key strategy for sustainable ecosystem management in the face of global environmental change
High Water-Responsiveness of Peptidoglycan and its Water-Responsive Mechanism
Water-responsive materials that reversibly deform in response to humidity changes show great potential for developing muscle-like actuators for miniature and biomimetic robotics. This thesis demonstrates that peptidoglycan exhibits ultrahigh water-responsive actuation energy and power densities, which are orders of magnitude higher than those of frequently used actuators, such as piezoelectric actuators and dielectric elastomers. Surprisingly, peptidoglycan exhibits an energy conversion efficiency of ~66.8%, which could be attributed to its super-viscous nanoconfined water that efficiently translates waterâs movement to peptidoglycanâs mechanical deformation. The systematic water-responsive characterizations of peptidoglycan from different microorganisms and peptide crystals indicate that enhanced H-bonding interactions in water-responsive materials are critical to the efficient energy conversion from chemical potential of water to materialsâ mechanical motions, suggesting guidelines for designing water-responsive materials with higher performance. Using peptidoglycan, we developed water-responsive composite actuators that can be integrated into a range of engineering structures, including a robotic gripper and linear actuators, which illustrate the possibilities of using peptidoglycan as building blocks for high-efficiency water-responsive actuators
Changes and TrendsâEfficiency of Physical Blowing Agents in Polyurethane Foam Materials
This work developed a novel method for measuring the effective rate of a PBA (physical blowing agent) and solved the problem that the effective rate of a PBA could not be directly measured or calculated in previous studies. The results show that the effectiveness of different PBAs under the same experimental conditions varied widely, from approximately 50% to almost 90%. In this study, the overall average effective rates of the PBAs HFC-245fa, HFO-1336mzzZ, HFC-365mfc, HFCO-1233zd(E), and HCFC-141b are in descending order. In all experimental groups, the relationship between the effective rate of the PBA, rePBA, and the initial mass ratio of the PBA to other blending materials in the polyurethane rigid foam, w, demonstrated a trend of first decreasing and then gradually stabilizing or slightly increasing. This trend is caused by the interaction of PBA molecules among themselves and with other component molecules in the foamed material and the temperature of the foaming system. In general, the influence of system temperature dominated when w was less than 9.05 wt%, and the interaction of PBA molecules among themselves and with other component molecules in the foamed material dominated when w was greater than 9.05 wt%. The effective rate of the PBA is also related to the states of gasification and condensation when they reach equilibrium. The properties of the PBA itself determine the overall efficiency, while the balance between the gasification and condensation processes of the PBA further leads to a regular change in efficiency with respect to w around the overall average level
Celeryâderived scaffolds with liver lobuleâmimicking structures for tissue engineering transplantation
Abstract Decellularized scaffolds have a demonstrated value in liver tissue engineering. Challenges in this area are focused on effectively eliminating the biological rejection of scaffolds and finding a suitable liver cell source. Here, inspired by the natural microstructure of hepatic lobules, we present a novel decellularized celeryâderived scaffold cultured with humanâinduced pluripotent stem cellâderived hepatocytes (hiPSCâHeps) bioengineering liver tissue construction. Because of the natural hollow channels, interconnected porous structures, and excellent physicochemical characterization of the decellularized celeryâderived scaffold, the resultant bioengineering liver tissue can maintain the hiPSCâHeps viability and the hepatic functions in the in vitro cultures. Based on this bioengineering liver tissue, we have demonstrated its good biocompatibility and the significantly higher expressions of albumin (ALB) and periodic acidâschiff stain (PAS) when it was implanted in nude mice. These remarkable properties endow the hiPSCâHeps integrated decellularized celery scaffolds system with promising prospects in the field of liver transplantation and other regeneration medicine
Emerging optogenetics technologies in biomedical applications
Abstract Optogenetics is a cuttingâedge technology that merges light control and genetics to achieve targeted control of tissue cells. Compared to traditional methods, optogenetics offers several advantages in terms of time and space precision, accuracy, and reduced damage to the research object. Currently, optogenetics is primarily used in pathway research, drug screening, gene expression regulation, and the stimulation of molecule release to treat various diseases. The selection of lightâsensitive proteins is the most crucial aspect of optogenetic technology; structural changes occur or downstream channels are activated to achieve signal transmission or factor release, allowing efficient and controllable disease treatment. In this review, we examine the extensive research conducted in the field of biomedicine concerning optogenetics, including the selection of lightâsensitive proteins, the study of carriers and delivery devices, and the application of disease treatment. Additionally, we offer critical insights and future implications of optogenetics in the realm of clinical medicine
Robust Self-Testing of Four-Qubit Symmetric States
Quantum verification has been highlighted as a significant challenge on the road to scalable technology, especially with the rapid development of quantum computing. To verify quantum states, self-testing is proposed as a device-independent concept, which is based only on the observed statistics. Previous studies focused on bipartite states and some multipartite states, including all symmetric states, but only in the case of three qubits. In this paper, we first give a criterion for the self-testing of a four-qubit symmetric state with a special structure and the robustness analysis based on vector norm inequalities. Then we generalize the idea to a family of parameterized four-qubit symmetric states through projections onto two subsystems
Meta-data analysis of kidney stone disease highlights ATP1A1 involvement in renal crystal formation
Nephrolithiasis is a complicated disease affected by various environmental and genetic factors. Crystal-cell adhesion is a critical initiation process during kidney stone formation. However, genes regulated by environmental and genetic factors in this process remain unclear. In the present study, we integrated the gene expression profile data and the whole-exome sequencing data of patients with calcium stones, and found that ATP1A1 might be a key susceptibility gene involved in calcium stone formation. The study showed that the T-allele of rs11540947 in the 5â˛-untranslated region of ATP1A1 was associated with a higher risk of nephrolithiasis and lower activity of a promoter of ATP1A1. Calcium oxalate crystal deposition decreased ATP1A1 expression in vitro and in vivo and was accompanied by the activation of the ATP1A1/Src/ROS/p38/JNK/NF-ÎşB signaling pathway. However, the overexpression of ATP1A1 or treatment with pNaKtide, a specific inhibitor of the ATP1A1/Src complex, inhibited the ATP1A1/Src signal system and alleviated oxidative stress, inflammatory responses, apoptosis, crystal-cell adhesion, and stone formation. Moreover, the DNA methyltransferase inhibitor 5-aza-2â˛-deoxycytidine reversed ATP1A1 down-regulation induced by crystal deposition. In conclusion, this is the first study to show that ATP1A1, a gene modulated by environmental factors and genetic variations, plays an important role in renal crystal formation, suggesting that ATP1A1 may be a potential therapeutic target for treating calcium stones
- âŚ