Algebraic Cayley Graphs over Finite Fields

A new algebraic Cayley graph is constructed using finite fields. Its connectedness and diameter bound are studied via Weil's estimate for character sums. These graphs provide a new source of expander graphs, extending classical results of Chung

Sensitivity Analysis of Incentive Situations and Personal Attributes to Driving Anger Based on MNL Model: A Naturalistic Experimental Study

Driving anger, called "road rage", has gradually become universal phenomenon nowadays, which has been a concern to traffic management authorities. It is necessary to figure out impacting degree of the influencing factors on driving anger for taking the corresponding intervening measures. Forty drivers were enrolled to conduct naturalistic experiments on a busy route in Wuhan, China, where drivers\u27 anger can be induced by various incentive situations including jaywalking, weaving/cutting in line, traffic congestion and red light with extra paid if completing the experiment ahead of reference time. According to behavioral theory and disaggregation theory, the influencing factors including the incentive situations and personal attributes (i.e. gender, age, temperament) were determined for proposing driving anger prediction model based on MNL (multinomial logit). Then, the sensitivity of each influencing factor on driving anger was analyzed by elasticity theory on the basis of the proposed model. The result indicates that age, temperament and illegal behaviors from surrounding people are decisive influencing factors to driving anger sates with different intensity because their average elasticity values for none anger (neutral), low anger, medium anger, high anger are 1.254, 2.713, 2.914, respectively, which are all bigger than 1. Moreover, the accuracy of the proposed model is 78.30%. The results can provide theoretical support for developing key monitoring or targeted intervention to deal with the decisive influencing factors for traffic management authorities

Impact of Temperament Types and Anger Intensity on Drivers\u27 EEG Power Spectrum and Sample Entropy: An On-road Evaluation Toward Road Rage Warning

"Road rage", also called driving anger, is becoming an increasingly common phenomenon affecting road safety in auto era as most of previous driving anger detection approaches based on physiological indicators are often unreliable due to the less consideration of drivers\u27 individual differences. This study aims to explore the impact of temperament types and anger intensity on drivers\u27 EEG characteristics. Thirty-two drivers with valid license were enrolled to perform on-road experiments on a particularly busy route on which a variety of provoking events like cutting in line of surrounding vehicle, jaywalking, occupying road of non-motor vehicle and traffic congestion frequently happened. Then, muti-factor analysis of variance (ANOVA) and post hoc analysis were utilized to study the impact of temperament types and anger intensity on drivers\u27 power spectrum and sample entropy of θ and β waves extracted from EEG signals. The study results firstly indicated that right frontal region of the brain has close relationship with driving anger. Secondly, there existed significant main effects of temperament types on power spectrum and sample entropy of β wave while significant main effects of anger intensity on power spectrum and sample entropy of θ and β wave were all observed. Thirdly, significant interactions between temperament types and anger intensity for power spectrum and sample entropy of β wave were both noted. Fourthly, with the increase of anger intensity, the power spectrum and sample entropy both decreased sufficiently for θ wave while increased remarkably for β wave. The study results can provide a theoretical support for designing a personalized and hierarchical warning system for road rage

N-(4-Bromo­phen­yl)-2-[(1-cyclo­hexyl­meth­yl-1H-1,2,4-triazol-3-yl)sulfanyl]­acetamide

The title compound, C17H21BrN4OS, was synthesized as a potential reverse transcriptase (RT) inhibitor of the human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1). In the molecule, there is an N—H⋯S hydrogen bond making a five-membered ring. In the crystal, mol­ecules are connected into centrosymmetric dimers via pairs of N—H⋯N and weak C—H⋯N hydrogen bonds. The crystal structure also features C—H⋯O inter­actions

6-Cyclo­hexyl­meth­yl-5-ethyl-2-[(2-oxo-2-phenyl­eth­yl)sulfan­yl]pyrimidin-4(3H)-one

In the title compound, C21H26N2O2S, the cyclo­hexane ring adopts a chair conformation. The angle at the methyl­ene bridge linking the pyrimidine and cyclo­hexane rings is 113.41 (13)°. This is in the range considered optimal for maximum activity of non-nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors. In the crystal, mol­ecules are connected into centrosymmetric dimers via pairs of N—H⋯O hydrogen bonds

Supplementation with probiotics modifies gut flora and attenuates liver fat accumulation in rat nonalcoholic fatty liver disease model

This study aimed to evaluate the relationship between gut probiotic flora and nonalcoholic fatty liver disease in a diet-induced rat model, and to compare the effects of two different probiotic strains on nonalcoholic fatty liver disease. Forty male Sprague-Dawley rats were randomized into 4 groups for 12 weeks: control (standard rat chow), model (fat-rich diet), Lactobacillus (fat-rich diet plus Lactobacillus acidophilus), and Bifidobacterium (fat-rich diet plus Bifidobacterium longum) groups. Probiotics were provided to rats in drinking water (1010/ml). Gut bifidobacteria and lactobacilli were obviously lower at weeks 8 and 10, respectively, in the model group compared with the control group. Supplementation with Bifidobacterium significantly attenuated hepatic fat accumulation (0.10 ± 0.03 g/g liver tissue) compared with the model group (0.16 ± 0.03 g/g liver tissue). However, there was no improvement in intestinal permeability in either the Lactobacillus or the Bifidobacterium group compared with the model group. In all 40 rats, the hepatic total lipid content was negatively correlated with gut Lactobacillus (r = −0.623, p = 0.004) and Bifidobacterium (r = −0.591, p = 0.008). Oral supplementation with probiotics attenuates hepatic fat accumulation. Further, Bifidobacterium longum is superior in terms of attenuating liver fat accumulation than is Lactobacillus acidophilus