Effects of a Sport Education Intervention on Students’ Motivational Responses in Physical Education

This study looked at the influence of a Sport Education intervention program on students’ motivational responses in a high school physical education setting. Two intact groups were assigned curricular interventions: the Sport Education group (n = 25), which received eight 60-min lessons, and the comparison group (n = 26), which received a traditional teaching approach to sportbased activity. Pre- and postintervention measures of student enjoyment, perceived effort, perceived competence, goal orientations, perceived motivational climate, and perceived autonomy were obtained for both groups. Repeated-measures ANOVAs showed significant increases in student enjoyment and perceived effort in the Sport Education group only. Hierarchical regression analyses revealed that increases in task-involving climate and perceived autonomy explained a significant amount of unique variance in the Sport Education students’ postintervention enjoyment, perceived effort, and perceived competence responses. The results suggest that the Sport Education curriculum may increase perceptions of a task-involving climate and perceived autonomy, and in so doing, enhance the motivation of high school students toward physical education

IPM2.0: PRECISION AGRICULTURE FOR SMALL-SCALE CROP PRODUCTION

In order to manage pests impacting New England crop production integrated pest management (IPM) practices should be reevaluated or updated regularly to ensure that effective control of crop pests is being achieved. Three fungal taxa, Colletotrichum gloeosporioides, C. acutatum, and Glomerella cingulata, are currently associated with bitter-rot of apple (Malus domestica), with C. acutatum typically being the dominant species found in the northeastern United States. However, a recent phylogenetic study demonstrated that both C. gloeosporioides and C. acutatum are species complexes with over 10 distinct species being recovered from apple between the two studies. Based on this recent information, the objectives of this study were 1) to complete a phylogenetic analysis to determine species diversity and distribution of Colletotrichum isolates associated with bitter-rot and Glomerella leaf spot in the northeastern United States and 2) to evaluate the sensitivity of these isolates to several commercially used fungicides. A multi-gene phylogenetic analysis was completed using ITS, GADPH and BT gene sequences in order to determine which species and how many species of Colletotrichum were infecting apples in the northeastern U.S. The results of this study demonstrated that C. fioriniae is the primary pathogen causing both bitter rot and Glomerella leaf spot in the northeastern U.S. A second experiment was conducted in order to update management practices for apple scab, caused by the ascomycete Venturia inaequalis. The objective of this project was to evaluate the ability of RIMpro, an apple scab warning system, to control apple scab in New England apple orchards in addition to evaluating the performance of potassium bicarbonate + sulfur as a low-cost alternative spray material for the control of apple scab suitable for organic apple production. Use of RIMpro allowed for the reduction in the total number of spray applications made during the primary scab season by two sprays in 2013 and one spray in 2014 (28% and 25% reductions, respectively). Also, the potassium bicarbonate + sulfur treatment was shown to provide the same level of control as Captan. Finally, disease outbreaks, insect infestation, nutrient deficiencies, and weather variation constantly threaten to diminish annual yields and profits in orchard crop production systems. Automated crop inspection with an unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) can allow growers to regularly survey crops and detect areas affected by disease or stress and lead to more efficient targeted applications of pesticides, water and fertilizer. The overall goal of this project was to develop a low cost aerial imaging platform coupling imaging sensors with UAVs to be used for monitoring crop health. Following completion of this research, we have identified a useful tool for agricultural and ecological applications

TEACHING LITERATURE: ALAN DUFF’S ONCE WERE WARRIORS AS POST-COLONIAL ARTISTIC TRAGEDY

Didáctica de la literature: Once Were Warriors de Alan Duff como una tragedia artística post-colonial Resumen La didáctica de la literatura es un área de reciente creación. Sus contenidos se han ido adaptando a los diferentes contextos lingüísticos en los que se desarrolla. No obstante, aún quedan muchas oportunidades para desarrollar sus contenidos. El estudio de las literaturas postcoloniales, así como la relación entre la literatura y el arte ofrecen oportunidades para desarrollar la investigación en la didáctica de la literatura. En este artículo se hace una propuesta al respecto desde el estudio de la obra de Allan Duff desde una perspectiva multidisciplinar. Palabras clave: Didáctica de la literatura; literatura postcolonial; Allan Duff; Bellas Artes. Abstract The teaching of literature is an area of recent creation. Its contents have been adapting to different linguistic contexts in which it operates. However, there are still many opportunities to develop their content. The study of postcolonial literatures, and the relationship between literature and the arts provide opportunities to develop research in the teaching of literature. In this paper, a proposal is made in this area since the study of the work of Allan Duff from a multidisciplinary perspective. Key words: Teaching literature; postcolonial literature; Allan Duff; Fine Arts.

Unreliable homodiegesis and the trace of influence: the work of E. A. Poe

The present article elaborates on the question of infl uence from the perspective of Reader-Response Criticism to extend Umberto Eco’s distinction of three paths of literary influence (contemporary, linear, and Zeitgeist) into a fourth one that involves the aesthetic dimension of literary works as artistic manifestations. The literary and critical work of E. A. Poe is used to show the functioning of both direct and reverse influence between Poe and contemporary (Charles Dickens) or later authors (Paul Bowles, Vladimir Nabokov and Thomas Pynchon). Influence is traced through three main textual tools: specific images, unreliable homodiegesis, and the construction of a final effect. Analysis proceeds from first, ascertaining Poe’s influence on the above-mentioned authors; and second, exploring the nature of this relationship. The result of this analysis shows the addition of symbolism and plot development to Dickens’ work; and of international, contemporary recognition to Poe’s. It also shows the development of the postcolonial and the metafictional in the 20th-century understanding of Poe’s work, and the process by which Poe as an author is characterized to enter the world of fiction.El presente artículo desarrolla la cuestión de la influencia desde la perspectiva de la crítica de la recepción del lector para extender la distinción que Humberto Eco hace de los tres patrones de influencia literaria (contemporánea, lineal y Zeitgeist) hasta un cuarto modelo que implica a la dimensión estética de las obras literaria como manifestaciones artísticas. La obra literaria y crítica de E. A. Poe se utiliza para mostrar el funcionamiento de la influencia directa e inversa entre Poe y autores contemporáneos (Charles Dickens) y posteriores (Paul Bowles, Vladimir Nabokov y Thomas Pynchon). La influencia es analizada a través de tres instrumentos textuales: imágenes específicas, la homodiégesis no fiable y la construcción de un efecto final. El análisis comienza con la confirmación de la influencia de Poe en los autores anteriormente mencionados y prosigue con la exploración de la naturaleza de esta influencia. El resultado de dicho análisis muestra la contribución de Poe al simbolismo y desarrollo de la trama en el trabajo de Dickens, así como el reconocimiento contemporáneo de la obra de Poe a nivel internacional. También muestra el desarrollo de las visiones postcolonial y metaficcional del trabajo de Poe en el siglo veinte, y el proceso por el que Poe como autor se convierte en un personaje que puede ser asimilado por el mundo de ficción

The Subversive Sub-Text of Spices in Salman Rushdie's The Moor's Last Sigh

The pursuit of wealth and power has long been a bridge that unites East and West. In his 1995 novel, The Moor’s Last Sigh, Salman Rushdie employs two factors or commodities, to deconstruct political and cultural history in East-West relations. On the political plane, he lays bare the East-West power axis based on the age-old spice trade, while on the cultural plane, he unveils the more recent bilateral interchange based upon the arts and media. A Rushdie hallmark is the choice of a polyvalent concept which gives much mileage, and here we see how Rushdie mixes a hot sauce out of spices and wealth, history and politics, race and identity, art and love

Schema Disruption in the Re-writing of History: Salman Rushdie's East, West

Salman RusMie is well-known for his spectacular new versions of history, both Indian and world history. As he re-writes the events, exploring the contentious fault-lines of cultural debate, he uses an approach that involves inserting the innovative or unexpected into the familiar. In this study, we show how the familiar schema of KINGSHIP is dismpted by its interrelation with other schemata like SALESMANSHIP, LOVE and CHIVALRY, in the stop "Christopher Columbus and Queen Isabella of Spain Consummate Their Relationship (Santa Fé, AD 1492)'' in RusMie's 1995 collection of short stories, "East, West". Through application of Guy Cook's theory which is based upon a combination of discourse analysis, schema theory and literary theory, we can point to the instances in the text where the norms contained in the schemata, which encapsulate the reader's expectations once t h q have been triggered, are questioned by discourse deviation and schema refreshment. Here, Christopher Columbus is presented as a salesman tying to sell his product, or a medieval knight fighting for his lady. The formal discourse of the narration and of the concept of chivalry is also dismpted by an informal discourse proper to travelling salesmen. Thus the historic and momentous meets the quotidian.A Salman Rushdie se le conoce por sus nuevas versiones de la historia tanto de la India, como de otras partes del mundo. Escribe los acontecimientos de nuevo, explorando las contenciosas líneas de falla del debate cultural. Para hacer esto, utiliza un enfoque en que lo novedoso o inesperado se inserta en un fondo familiar. En este estudio, demostramos cómo el "esquema" familiar de "El Rey" es afectado por su interrelación con otros esquemas como "El vendedor ambulante", "El amor" y "El caballero andante", en el relato "Christopher Columbus and Queen Isabella of Spain Consummate Their Relationship (Santa Fé, AD 1492)" en el volumen de cuentos de RusMie de 1995, "East, West". Al aplicar la teoría de Guy Cook, que se basa en una combinación del análisis del discurso, de la teoría de los esquemas y de la teoría literaria, podemos señalar los ejemplos en el texto donde se cuestiona lo familiar contenido en los esquemas, los cuales representan las expectativas del lector, una vez despenadas. Se cuestiona mediante la desviación del discurso y la actualización o el reciclaje de los esquemas. Cristóbal Colón es presentado como vendedor ambulante o como cabellera andante, así que lo trascendental se encuentra con lo cotidiano en una nueva versión de los hechos

The Human Side of Science in the Novels of Alan Lightman

In his four novels —Einstein’s Dreams (1993), Good Benito (1995), The Diagnosis (2000) and Reunion (2003)— Alan Lightman creates an interplay between the two interests which come into contact and conflict in his own life: on the one hand, science, and on the other, humanistic and literary concerns. In his fiction, he portrays scientists like his version of Albert Einstein and the fictional Bennett, or Benito, who have to reconcile the vagaries of human life with the certainties of mathematics and physics. Lightman shows how big ideas in science come as much from imaginative life as from calculations. This slant on the issue may come in part from Lightman’s interest in the magic realist writers. Also, the reason/ emotion paradigm is developed through a subtle feminist subplot as Lightman attempts to show the different facets involved in the discussion. In the mind/body discussion, the body is the site of the struggle against symptoms of the impact of the modern world. Here, Lightman works in a Kafkaesque play on the theme of the individual versus society, along with an ecological message involving the need for balance and variety.En sus cuatro novelas —Einstein’s Dreams (1993), Good Benito (1995), The Diagnosis (2000) y Reunion (2003)— Alan Lightman crea un juego entre los dos focos de interés que están en contacto —e incluso entran en conflicto— en su propia vida, que son, por un lado, la ciencia, y por otro, las preocupaciones humanísticas y literarias. En su ficción, crea prota- gonistas que son científicos, como, por ejemplo, su versión de Albert Einstein, o Benito, un personaje de ficción, que tienen que reconciliar las incertidumbres de la vida humana con las certezas de las matemáticas y la física. Lightman demuestra que las grandes ideas cientí- ficas surgen tanto de las matemáticas como de la imaginación. También, como autor com- prometido, incluye en sus obras discusiones de género y de ecología, dentro del marco de la ciencia y la vida humana