Arabic text classification methods: Systematic literature review of primary studies

Recent research on Big Data proposed and evaluated a number of advanced techniques to gain meaningful information from the complex and large volume of data available on the World Wide Web. To achieve accurate text analysis, a process is usually initiated with a Text Classification (TC) method. Reviewing the very recent literature in this area shows that most studies are focused on English (and other scripts) while attempts on classifying Arabic texts remain relatively very limited. Hence, we intend to contribute the first Systematic Literature Review (SLR) utilizing a search protocol strictly to summarize key characteristics of the different TC techniques and methods used to classify Arabic text, this work also aims to identify and share a scientific evidence of the gap in current literature to help suggesting areas for further research. Our SLR explicitly investigates empirical evidence as a decision factor to include studies, then conclude which classifier produced more accurate results. Further, our findings identify the lack of standardized corpuses for Arabic text; authors compile their own, and most of the work is focused on Modern Arabic with very little done on Colloquial Arabic despite its wide use in Social Media Networks such as Twitter. In total, 1464 papers were surveyed from which 48 primary studies were included and analyzed

Preparation and Spectral Characterization of New Azo Imidazole Ligand 2-[(2`-Cyano Phenyl) Azo]-4,5-Diphenyl Imidazole and its Complexes with Co(II), Ni(II), Cu(II), Zn(II), Cd(II) and Hg (II) Ions

The preparation and spectral characterization of complexes for Co(II), Ni(II), Cu(II), Cd(II), Zn(II) and Hg(II) ions with new organic heterocyclic azo imidazole dye as ligand 2-[(2`-cyano phenyl) azo ]-4,5-diphenyl imidazole ) (2-CyBAI) were prepared by reacting a dizonium salt solution of 2-cyano aniline with 4,5-diphenyl imidazole in alkaline ethanolic solution .These complexes were characterized spectroscopically by infrared and electronic spectra along with elemental analysis‚ molar conductance and magnetic susceptibility measurements. The data show that the ligand behaves a bidantate and coordinates to the metal ion via nitrogen atom of azo and with imidazole N3 atom. Octahedral environment is suggested for all metal complexes

Classification of colloquial Arabic tweets in real-time to detect high-risk floods

Twitter has eased real-time information flow for decision makers, it is also one of the key enablers for Open-source Intelligence (OSINT). Tweets mining has recently been used in the context of incident response to estimate the location and damage caused by hurricanes and earthquakes. We aim to research the detection of a specific type of high-risk natural disasters frequently occurring and causing casualties in the Arabian Peninsula, namely `floods'. Researching how we could achieve accurate classification suitable for short informal (colloquial) Arabic text (usually used on Twitter), which is highly inconsistent and received very little attention in this field. First, we provide a thorough technical demonstration consisting of the following stages: data collection (Twitter REST API), labelling, text pre-processing, data division and representation, and training models. This has been deployed using `R' in our experiment. We then evaluate classifiers' performance via four experiments conducted to measure the impact of different stemming techniques on the following classifiers SVM, J48, C5.0, NNET, NB and k-NN. The dataset used consisted of 1434 tweets in total. Our findings show that Support Vector Machine (SVM) was prominent in terms of accuracy (F1=0.933). Furthermore, applying McNemar's test shows that using SVM without stemming on Colloquial Arabic is significantly better than using stemming techniques

Lead-, Zinc-, and Iron-Sulfide Mineralization from Northern Iraq

The samples of the mineralization of Pb-, Zn-, and Fe-sulfides were collected from three localities (Dure, Lefan, in the northern Thrust zone; and Sinjar, in the Foothill zone) in Northern Iraq. The geochemical recognition using X-ray diffraction (XRD) affirms the presence of the ore deposit sulfides (pyrite, sphalerite, galena, smithsonite, and cerussite). The characterization of mineral chemistry using electron microprobe analysis (EMPA) gives a clear and exact percentage of each element in each mineral. Fluid inclusions are mostly liquid H2O and/or water vapor, which may also contain lesser soluble salts and slightly ore elements. Some fluid inclusions contain CO2 vapor. This occurrence suggests the presence of two immiscible phases due to boiling at the time of their trapping. They are of epithermal system. The homogenization temperatures and salinities obtained for fluid inclusions can be comparable to those reported for the Mississippi Valley Type (MVT) lead-zinc deposits. It is concluded from the petrographic evidence, fluid inclusions and stable isotope data that lead-zinc mineralization was formed due to deeply circulating high-temperature fluids (brines) within the source basin, or later on by tectonic processes, which possibly contribute in leaching metals from either the diagenesis of host rocks or dewatering of deeper buried siliciclastic beds

Buffalo Genome Projects: Current Situation and Future Perspective in Improving Breeding Programs

Buffaloes are farm animals that contribute to food security by providing high quality meat and milk. They can better tolerate the adverse effects of global climate change on their meat and milk production. Despite their advantages, buffaloes are heavily neglected animals with fewer studies compared to other farm animals, hence, the real potential of buffaloes has never been realized. The complete genome sequencing projects of buffaloes are essential to better understanding the buffalos biology and production since they allow scientists to identify important genes and understand how the gene networks interact to determine the critical features of buffaloes. The genome projects are also valuable for gaining better knowledge of growth, development, maintenance, and determining factors associated with increased meat and milk production. Furthermore, having access to a complete genome of high quality and comprehensive annotations provides a powerful tool in breeding programs. The current review surveyed the publicly available buffalo genome projects and studied the impact of incorporating genomic selection into the buffalo breeding program. Our survey of the publicly available buffalo genome projects showed the promise of genomic selection in developing water buffalo science and technology for food security on a global scale.Comment: two figure

Social media use, collaborative learning and students’ academic performance: a systematic literature review of theoretical models

This research provided a systematic literature review of theoretical models on interaction and collaborations regarding Information system (IS) and Information Technology (IT). This paper conducted an review of studies dedicated to (IS & IT) on the basis of certain dimensions namely, research theories, review of constructivist theories, definitions of constructivism, social constructivism, theoretical of constructivism, active collaborative learning theory, technology acceptance model (TAM), theory of reasoned action, technology acceptance model and Its extensions, and finally research models and frameworks. The discussion of this research obtained revealed that the interest on the topic has shown an increasing trend over recent years that it has ultimately become a well-known topic for academic research in the future via theories use. From review of theoretical models and related theories we recommend to use constructivism, active collaborative learning theory with (TAM) to measurement performance and satisfaction with social media use as the mediator. However, to boost and enhance the IT continuance intention, it is important that future studies apply considerable use of theoretical and methodological approaches like the qualitative methods to examine the IT continuance intention. © 2005 – ongoing JATIT & LLS