Control of common scab without the use of water

The most effective way to control common scab is by irrigating a potato crop at tuber initiation. With the introduction of legislation such as the Water Framework Directive this will become increasingly difficult. In this field experiment, we assessed the potential of a number of non-water measures for controlling this disease. Common scab on daughter tubers at harvest was reduced by applying rapeseed meal at 1 t ha-1 to the beds and then incorporating it into the soil, and adding a mixture of Trichoderma viride isolates into the furrow at planting. None of these treatments was as effective as using water

Le Conseil économique du Canada et le modèle CANDIDE

The CANDIDE model has been used by the Economic Council to examine Canada's economic potential, to analyze the effects of economic forces, and to consider the appropriateness of alternative policies in reaching economic objectives. For its Annual Reviews, the model provides an analytical basis for taking into account the interdependence of a number of phenomena, including those related to demographic trends, external economic conditions and domestic policies influencing supply and demand, and thus facilitates estimation of the potential development of the economy over the longer term. Within this context, a realizable set of medium-term objectives can then be established. These have been presented by the Council as performance indicators for the three years immediately ahead and they are subsequently used to monitor and assess economic developments. The model also is used by the Council to examine how various economic influences work their way through the Canadian economy. In its Annual Reviews, for example, the effects of alternative scenarios for energy investment and prices have been considered. In a special study of the construction industry, the model was used to trace the causes and effects of instability in this sector. Some illustrative results from each of these impact studies are provided. The model has also been employed to explore the implications of certain past and future changes in commercial policy, including separating out the impact of the Canada-United States Automobile Agreement, and in examining changes that have been taking place in labour markets. Each of these areas have been the subject of special studies carried out by the Council

Seroprevalence of major blood-borne infections among blood donars at Felege Hiwot referral hospital, Northwest Ethiopia

No Abstract. The Ethiopian Journal of Health Development Vol. 21 (1) 2007: pp. 68-6

Impact of Exchange Rate Undervaluation on Manufacturing Sector and Economic Growth in Nigeria

This work investigated the consequences of undervaluation of exchange rate in Nigeria on the manufacturing output and economic growth between 1981 and 2019. Vector Error Correction Mechanism was employed and it was found from the impulse response function that real effective exchange rate does not significantly affect economic growth and it is negatively related with manufacturing output. Variance decomposition indicates that the contribution of real exchange rate to manufacturing declined all through. Recommended policies should address the structural bottlenecks in the country to enable supply become more elastic towards demand to enjoy the benefits of lowered prices from devaluation. Key Words: Exchange Rate, Undervaluation, Manufacturing output, Economic Growth DOI: 10.7176/JESD/12-20-07 Publication date:October 31st 202

Analysis of The Impact of Electricity Market on Economic Growth in Nigeria.

This work examined the impact of electricity market on economic growth in Nigeria between 1971 and 2014. The supply of electricity affects the prices of outputs from the firms and industries while the demand for electricity affects how much can be supplied and the price of electricity which in turn affects final products produced. The variables used for electricity supply was a disaggregated sources of electricity generation, like oil, hydroelectric and gas, and the demand for electricity was also disaggregated into industrial and residential. Autoregressive Distributed Lag Model was employed after the unit root test showed mixed order of integration. The findings revealed that there was a long run relationship and it is significant. But the short run relationships were not significant although they all showed positive relationship with growth. It was therefore recommended that the power sector be more liberalized for more private participation both at the generation, transmission and distribution levels. Key Words: Energy, Electricity, Economic Growth, Demand and Supply of Electricity DOI: 10.7176/JESD/12-20-08 Publication date:October 31st 202

Le Conseil économique du Canada et le modèle CANDIDE

The CANDIDE model has been used by the Economic Council to examine Canada's economic potential, to analyze the effects of economic forces, and to consider the appropriateness of alternative policies in reaching economic objectives. For its Annual Reviews, the model provides an analytical basis for taking into account the interdependence of a number of phenomena, including those related to demographic trends, external economic conditions and domestic policies influencing supply and demand, and thus facilitates estimation of the potential development of the economy over the longer term. Within this context, a realizable set of medium-term objectives can then be established. These have been presented by the Council as performance indicators for the three years immediately ahead and they are subsequently used to monitor and assess economic developments. The model also is used by the Council to examine how various economic influences work their way through the Canadian economy. In its Annual Reviews, for example, the effects of alternative scenarios for energy investment and prices have been considered. In a special study of the construction industry, the model was used to trace the causes and effects of instability in this sector. Some illustrative results from each of these impact studies are provided. The model has also been employed to explore the implications of certain past and future changes in commercial policy, including separating out the impact of the Canada-United States Automobile Agreement, and in examining changes that have been taking place in labour markets. Each of these areas have been the subject of special studies carried out by the Council.

Information seeking-pattern of Nigerian textile market women and strategies for improvement

The study investigated the information seeking-pattern of Nigerian textile market women and strategies for improvement of which the study was an ex-post-facto type and adopted survey research design. Disproportional stratified random technique was used to select markets for the study while questionnaire was used to collect data to elicit information from 1556 respondents and data were analyzed with the aid of frequency counts, percentages, mean and standard deviation. Findings revealed that majority of textile market women in Nigeria had information needs and these needs were adequately recognised by them. Also, they often seek information about their businesses and other life related issues. Gender bias, culture, lack of adequate skills, attitude and lack of awareness are the major challenges facing textile market women in Nigeria. Adequate training for textile market women and making information relating to their experiences public are largely major strategies that can be used to improve the information seeking behaviour of these women.Keywords: Information seeking behaviour, information needs, information, textile market wome

A colorful killer: Daphnia infected with the bacterium Spirobacillus cienkowskii exhibit unexpected color variation

Peer Reviewedhttps://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/148232/1/ecy2562-sup-0001-AppendixS1.pdfhttps://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/148232/2/ecy2562_am.pdfhttps://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/148232/3/ecy2562.pd

Design of 100 GHz-class Mach-Zehnder modulators in a generic indium phosphide platform

We propose a push-pull electrode design for a Mach-Zehnder modulator in a generic indium phosphide platform. We calculate the frequency response of the modulator for a range of mask design parameters. We propose the design parameters for a 50Ω, velocity matched MZM with 95GHz bandwidth

Equivalent circuit modelling of coplanar waveguide InP electro-optic phase modulators

Wider bandwidth, energy-efficient Mach-Zehnder modulators are required to meet ever-increasing performance requirements in fibre-optic communications. To push beyond the state-of-the-art device performance, better tools for design optimisation are highly warranted. Currently, the most accurate simulation tools are either formed empirically or are computationally intensive, limiting opportunities for extended design space exploration. In this work, we investigate utilising a parametric and analytical traveling-wave model for the design of Mach-Zehnder modulators in coplanar waveguide geometry. Vitally, the model incorporates both optical and electrical mechanisms and emerges from physical parameters such as layer thicknesses, materials properties, mask feature dimensions, and bias voltage. Evaluating the design from such parameters allows for holistic analyses of the design, elucidating the key tuneable parameters for improved performance. This is demonstrated utilising a factor of 3000 less computational time than traditional, finite element method, techniques to investigate the small-signal modulation bandwidth of the Mach-Zehnder modulators for an indicative set of 25 distinct parameters with varied mask design feature, epitaxy growth control, and load impedance