Tingkat kesadaran sejarah untuk masyarakat yang berpendidikan sederajat dengan SLTA di kota Administratif Mataram Nusat Tenggara Barat

Buku ini mengenai penelitian tentang tingkat kesadaran sejarah di kalangan masyarakat yang berpendidikan sederajat dengan SMTA dengan mempergunakan 30 orang responden dari SMTA Umum dan Kejuruan sebagai sampel

Cisatracurium Retards Cell Migration and Invasion Upon Upregulation of p53 and Inhibits the Aggressiveness of Colorectal Cancer

Colorectal cancer (CRC) is reported to be the third and fourth, most diagnosed and cause of cancer associated deaths respectively. In 2012 for instance, about 1.4 million new cases were reported, and approximately 700,000 deaths recorded. Survival from CRC is dependent on the stage at which it is diagnosed coupled with appropriate surgical and medical intervention. Cisatracurium is widely used for skeletal muscle relaxation during abdominal surgeries, including bowel and colon surgeries. Recent studies reported that cisatracurium inhibits progression of human cancer cells, however, the mechanisms leading to the inhibition are yet to be completely understood. To elucidate mechanisms resulting particularly in tumor cell growth and metastasis, we developed ex vivo and in in vivo xenograft models of CRC. Cisatracurium caused upregulation of p53 and its down-stream genes and proteins known to regulate proliferation and metastasis in vitro and in vivo. Genomic analyses of CRC following cisatracurium treatment revealed moderate to high DNA damage, while functional analyses demonstrated significant tumor cells growth regression, as well as repression of migration and invasion. Importantly, cisatracurium increased E-Cadherin and CALD-1 but decreased SNAI-1 and SLUG levels in vitro and in vivo. Together, the findings demonstrate that elevation of p53 upon cisatracurium-induced genomic injury, represent a potential mechanism by which cisatracurium result in the suppression of CRC progression and metastasis

Antimicrobial resistance of clinical bacterial isolates according to the WHO’s AWaRe and the ECDC-MDR classifications: the pattern in Ghana’s Bono East Region

IntroductionAntimicrobial resistance (AMR) remains a significant health challenge globally and nations have the responsibility to maintain a constant surveillance of AMR, particularly for the emergence of multidrug-resistant (MDR) isolates to existing antibiotics. Against this backdrop, we applied the WHO’s AWaRe (ACCESS, WATCH, and RESERVE) antibiotics classification and the European Centre for Disease Prevention and Control (ECDC)’s multidrug resistance definition for AMR isolates from clinical specimens.MethodThis study reviewed bacterial culture and antibiotic sensitivity test outcomes. These results were then grouped according to the AWaRe and ECDC-MDR classifications.ResultsIn all, the culture and sensitivity results of the 3,178 clinical specimens were investigated, of which 59.5% were from female patients. The pathogens were isolated from 1,187 specimens (37.4%). The WHO’s ACCESS antibiotics, tetracycline, showed a relatively high level of insusceptibility, particularly among Gram-positive (GP) isolates (ranging from 66.7% to 76.7%), along with augmentin (ranging from 44.7% to 81.3%) and cloxacillin (ranging from 50.0% to 78.1%). However, the Gram-negative (GN) isolates showed a relatively high level of susceptibility to amikacin, augmentin, and nitrofurantoin. The WHO’s WATCH antibiotics, cefuroxime, ceftriaxone, cefotaxime, and ciprofloxacin showed a relatively high level of non-responsiveness among the GN isolates, particularly Proteus (ranging from 31.4% to 78.4%), Pseudomonas (ranging from 21.4% to 96.4%), and Enterobacter (ranging from 62.5% to 100%) spp. Among the WHO’s RESERVE antibiotics, resistance to ceftazidime was commonly associated with the GN coliform isolates: Eschericha coli, Klebsiella, and Citrobacter spp. Insusceptibility to meropenem was frequently observed in Staphylococcus spp., E. coli, coliforms, and Proteus spp. Out of the 1,187 isolates, 15.5% (184) were GAT (gentamycin, ampicillin, and tetracycline) MDR, of which 61% (112/184) were from specimens of female patients. The most predominant GAT-MDR isolates were Staphylococcus spp., E. coli, coliforms, and Klebsiella spp.ConclusionIn conclusion, the study revealed a relatively high level and diverse range of AMR. However, MDR in accordance with the ECDC definition was relatively low. There is, therefore, a need to have further research on AMR to inform national criteria for MDR in Ghana

Cytotoxic effect of interleukin-8 in retinal ganglion cells and its possible mechanisms

AIM: To investigate the effect of interleukin-8 (IL-8) on neural retinal ganglion cells (RGCs) and whether it can be alleviated by G31P. METHODS: RGC-5 cells were exposed to IL-8 with or without its specific receptor antagonist G31P for 24h, and the cell viability was assessed by Cell Counting Kit 8 (CCK-8). Apoptosis was measured by examining nuclear morphology and quantifying with flow cytometry. Reverse transcription quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR) and Western blot were used to investigate the expression of apoptosis-related genes. RESULTS: CCK-8 assay showed that IL-8 significantly inhibits the viability of RGC-5 cells in a dose-dependent manner. Cell apoptosis assays exhibited higher apoptotic rate in IL-8 treatment group compared to control group. We further found that IL-8 could promote Bax and caspase-3 expressions, but decrease the level of Bcl-2 in the aspect of mRNA and protein. However, pre-treatment with G31P partly attenuated these effects in RGC-5 cells (P<0.05). CONCLUSION: These results indicate that anti-proliferation effects of IL-8 through induction of cell apoptosis regulated by Bcl-2, Bax and caspase-3 expressions, can be ameliorated by G31P

Estratégia de acompanhamento de crianças menores de dois anos na atenção primária à saúde / Monitoring of children under two years in primary health care

No âmbito da vigilância à saúde da criança, a equipe multiprofissional tem responsabilidades de cuidado e suporte humanizado à criança e sua família, valorizando o bem-estar biopsicossocial, identificando e intervindo em necessidades e vulnerabilidades. Este estudo tem como objetivo descrever a assistência prestada no cuidado compartilhado às crianças de 0 a 2 anos na Atenção Primária à Saúde. Trata-se de relato de experiência que descreve as atividades desenvolvidas por uma equipe multiprofissional em uma unidade básica de saúde, desde abril de 2017. Foi instituído como rotina na unidade o fluxo de atendimento às crianças de 0 a 24 meses: com avaliação odontológica; consulta compartilhada com a enfermagem e a nutrição aos seis meses; utilização da escala de Denver II para avaliação do desenvolvimento infantil; além da supervisão e reforço quanto a importância da suplementação de sulfato ferroso, dose semestral de vitamina A e calendário vacinal. Assim, a depender do caso, realiza-se uma consulta compartilhada a fim de garantir um atendimento integral e resolutivo. As consultas representam um espaço para a educação em saúde e uma oportunidade para que os profissionais orientem cada mãe de acordo com a fase da criança e problemas apresentados

Tingkat kesadaran sejarah untuk masyarakat yang berpendidikan sederajat dengan SLTA di kota administrasi Mataram Nusa Tenggara Barat

Buku ini membahas tentang beberapa aspek seperti lingkungan kesejahteraan, pengetahuan, penilaian terhadap sejarah, aspek kearifan sejarah dan aspek pemahaman sejarah.ix, 139 hlm.: ilus.; 20 cm

Tingkat kesadaran sejarah untuk masyarakat yang berpendidikan sederajat dengan SLTA di kota administrasi Mataram Nusa Tenggara Barat

Buku ini membahas tentang beberapa aspek seperti lingkungan kesejahteraan, pengetahuan, penilaian terhadap sejarah, aspek kearifan sejarah dan aspek pemahaman sejarah.ix, 139 hlm.: ilus.; 20 cm

Parasitic infections and maternal anaemia among expectant mothers in the Dangme East District of Ghana

Abstract Background Parasitic infections are of public health concern globally, particular among at risk groups such as pregnant women in developing countries. The presence of these parasites during pregnancy potentiate adverse effects to both the mother and the unborn baby. This study sought to establish the prevalence of some parasitic agents among antenatal attendees in the Dangme East District of Ghana. A cross-sectional prospective study was conduct between April and July, 2012. Venous blood specimens were collected from each participant for haemoglobin estimation and malaria microscopy. In addition participants\u2019 early morning mid-stream urine and stool specimens were analyzed microscopically for parasitic agents. Results A total of 375 pregnant women were involved in the study, of which anaemia was present in 66.4% (249/375). However, parasitic infections associated anaemia prevalence was 49.6% (186/375). In all, 186 cases of parasitic infections were observed; 171 (44.0%) were single isolated infections while 15 (4.0%) were co-infections. Plasmodium species were significantly associated with anaemia (13.3%, \u3c7 2 \ua0=\ua023.290, p \ua0<\ua00.001). Also, the presence of Schistosoma haematobium (3.7%, \u3c7 2 \ua0=\ua07.267, p \ua0=\ua00.008), Schistosoma mansoni (5.3%, \u3c7 2 \ua0=\ua05.414, p \ua0=\ua00.023) and hookworm (3.7%, \u3c7 2 \ua0=\ua011.267, p \ua0=\ua00.008) were significantly associated with anaemia in pregnancy. Except where co-infections exist (3.7%, \u3c7 2 \ua0=\ua011.267, p \ua0=\ua00.001), the rest of the single infections were insignificantly associated with anaemia. Collectively, intestinal helminthes were predominantly significant with anaemia in pregnancy ( p \ua0=\ua00.001, \u3c7 2 \ua0=\ua0107.800). Conclusion The study revealed relatively high prevalence of parasitic infections among the study population, suggesting that about three-quarters of the anaemic mothers are either single or co-infected with parasitic agents